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Dobson unit
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*DU *corresponds to about one ozone molecule for every billion molecules & atoms present in the air
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Ozone (word roots)
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*Greek *to smell
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Allotropes
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2+ forms of the same element that differ in their chemical structure & properties *Ex: O2 * O3
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Ozone layer
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Stratsospheric region of maximum ozone concentration
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Nucleus
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*subatomic structure *minuscule & highly dense region composed of protons & neutrons
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Protons
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Positively charged subatomic particles
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Neutrons
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Electrically neutral subatomic particles, but have almost exactly the same mass as protons
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Electron
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*much smaller mass than a proton or neutron *negative charge equal in magnitude to that of the proton, but opposite in sign
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Atomic number
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Number of protons in an atom of that element
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Periodic properties
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Vary in a regular way w. increasing atomic number & repeat at regular intervals
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Valence electrons
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Found in highest energy level & help account for many of the observed trends in chemical properties
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Find # of electrons in representative elements rule 1
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*max # in orbit = 2n² *n= number of orbits counting from nucleus
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Find # of electrons in representative elements Rule 2
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# of valence electrons equals group # for representative elements
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# of electrons in representative elements restrictions
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*max possible electrons in orbit 1>> 2
*max possible electrons in 2nd outermost orbit >> 18 *max possible electrons valence electrons >> 8
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Isotopes
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2+ forms of the same element (same # of protons) whose atoms differ in # of neutrons & hence in mass
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