Flashcard Set Preview
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SUMMARY OF MAJOR BODY CAVITIES, THEIR SUBDIVISIONS AND ORGANS
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SUMMARY OF BODY CAVITIES
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major cavities
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dorsal; ventral
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dorsal
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cranial; spinal
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cranial
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contains brain
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spinal
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contains spinal cord
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ventral
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thoracic; abdominal; pelvic
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thoracic
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contains heart, lungs, aorta, trachea and esophagus
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abdominal
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contains stomach, liver, spleen, kidneys, large and small intestines, pancreas, and gallbladder
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pelvic
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contains bladder, urethra, and reproductive organs
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the anatomical position os the body:
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standing erect, arms at side, with head , palms and feet facing forward
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directional terms relating to the anatomical position:
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(A) anatomical position; (B) lateral view of the body; (C) directional terms deep and superficial;...
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DIRECTIONAL TERM
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DEFINITION; EXAMPLE
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superior or cranial
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above; toward the head the head is superior to the neck. cranial nerves originate...
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inferior or caudal
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below; toward the lower end of the body or tailthe neck is inferior to the head. caudal...
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anterior or ventral
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front surface of the body; belly side of the bodythe thoracic cavity is anterior to the spinal...
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posterior or dorsal
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back surface of the bodythe spinal cavity is posterior to the thoracic cavity
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medial
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toward the midline (the midline is an imaginary line drawn down the center of the body from...
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lateral
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away from the midlinethe small toe is lateral to the big toe
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proximal
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1. nearest the point of attachment to the trunk. (Note: this definition is used primarily...
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distal
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farthest from the point of attachment to the trunk; farthest from the point of originthe knee...
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superficial
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near the surface of the bodythe skin is superficial to the underlying organs.
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deep
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away fro the surface of the bodymuscles are deep to the skin
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supine
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lying on the back, face up. (Note: in relation to the arms, supine means the palms are...
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prone
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lying on the abdomen, face down. (Note: in relation to the arms, prone means the palms...
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plantar
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sole of the footplantar warts are on the sole of the foot
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dorsum
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upper portion of the footthe dorsum of the foot is the top portion
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peripheral
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away from the centerperipheral nerves are the nerves away from the brian and spinal cord. peripheral...
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ABDOMINOPELVIC REGIONS AND QUADRANTS
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THE ABDOMINOPELVIC AREA OF THE BODY HAS BEEN DIVIDED INTO REGIONS AND QUADRANTS FOR PURPOSES...
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abdominopelvic regions
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right hypochondriac region; epigastric region; left hypochondriac region; right lumbar region;...
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abdominopelvic quadrants
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umbilicus (center; umbilical region); right upper quadrant (RUQ); left upper quadrant (LUQ);...
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PLANES OF THE BODY
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BECAUSE AN ORGAN CA BE CUT IN DIFFERENT WAYS, THERE ARE DIFFERENT KINDS OF PLANES
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PLANE
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DEFINITION
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frontal; coronal
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separates a structure into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions
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sagittal
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separates a structure into right and left sides; if the sagittal section divides the body into...
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transverse; horizontal
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separates a structure into superior and inferior portions
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ADDITIONAL WORD PARTS
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ROOTS TO BUILD MEDICAL TERMS
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anter/o
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front
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caud/o
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tail
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dors/o
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back
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infer/o
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inferior
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inguin/o
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groin
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medi/o
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middle
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phren/o
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diaphragm
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poster/o
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posterior
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proxim/o
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near
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super/o
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superior
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ventr/o
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front
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TERM ANALYSIS AND DEFINITION
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ROOTS
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gastr/o
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stomach
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-ic
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pertaining to
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epi-
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upon; above
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epigastric
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pertaining to upon the stomach (refers to an abdominal region)
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-ic
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pertaining to
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hypo-
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below; deficient
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hypogastric
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pertaining to below the stomach (refers to an abdominal region)
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ili/o
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hip
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-ac
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pertaining to
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iliac
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pertaining to the hip
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TERMS ANALYSIS AND DEFINITION
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SUFFIXES
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-al
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pertaining to
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caud/o
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tail
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caudal
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pertaining to the tail; toward the tail
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crani/o
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skull
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cranial
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pertaining to the skull
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dors/o
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back
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dorsal
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pertaining to the back (Note; think the dorsal fin of a fish)
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inguin/o
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groin
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inguinal
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pertaining to the groin
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medi/o
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middle
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medial
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pertaining to the middle
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proxim/o
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near; close
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proximal
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pertaining to that which is near a point of reference
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spin/o
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spine; spinal column; backbone
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spinal
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pertaining to the spine
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ventr/o
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front
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ventral
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pertaining to the front
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viscer/o
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internal organ
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visceral
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pertaining to the internal organs
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-ic
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pertaining to
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pelv/o
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pelvic
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pelvic
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pertaining to the pelvis
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phren/o
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diaphragm
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phrenic
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pertaining to the diaphragm
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thorac/o
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chest; thorax
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thoracic
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pertaining to the chest
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-ior
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pertaining to
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anter/o
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front
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anterior
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pertaining to the front of the body or organ
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infer/o
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below; downward
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inferior
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pertaining to below or in a downward position; a structure below another structure
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poster/o
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back
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posterior
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pertaining to the back of the body or an organ
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super/o
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above; toward the head
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superior
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pertaining to a structure or organ situated either above another or toward the head
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ABBREVIATIONS
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MEANING
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LLQ
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left lower quadrant
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LUQ
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left upper quadrant
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RLQ
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right lower quadrant
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RUQ
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right upper quadrant
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