Flashcard Set Preview
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Functions of Bone
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Support, movement, protection, storage. Stores 2 major chemicals: Calcium and phosphorus
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Osteocyte
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Arranged in concentric rings. matrix composed of minerals built in cartilage
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Osteoblasts
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Produce bones
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Osteoclasts
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Destroy bones
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Pectoral Girdle
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Scapula and clavicle.
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Pelvic girdle
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Lower limbs, sacrum, and hip bones, illium, ischium. Support trunk and move legs.
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Axial skeleton
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80 bones. Skull, facial bones, thoracic cage, sternum. 24 ribs. Vertebral column, sacrum, coccyx....
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Appendicular skeleton
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126 bones. Shoulders & hips. Pectoral/Pelvic girdgle. Scapula/clavicle. Upper/lower limbs....
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Femur
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Hip replaced
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Hinge joints
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Allow movement in one direction, as seen in the knees and elbows.
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Pivot joints
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Allows a rotating or twisting motion, like that of the head moving from side to side. (ex:...
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Ball and socket joint
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Allows the greatest freedom of movement. Hips & shoulders is this type of joint in which...
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Spongy bone
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Lattice work of air spaces
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Calcium ions
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Needed for muscle contraction stored in sarcoplasmic reticulum.
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Tendons
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Muscle to bone. Muscles are attached to bones by tendons.
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Ligament
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Bone to bone
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Synovial joint
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Movable type of joint in the presence of fibrocartilage or hyaline that lines opposing bony...
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Muscular system
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Produces movement
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3 kinds of muscles
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Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
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Four traits in muscles
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Provide strength, balance, posture, movement, and heat for body.
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Muscle to bone
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When a muscle contracts, it's insertion is pulled toward its origin. Insertion-movable end...
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Antagonistic muscles
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Muscle that opposes the action of another. A muscle that acts as the opposing force in contraction...
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Troponin and tropomyosin
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Two proteins that are part of the actin filament. Help regulate and control attachment of cross...
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Actina nd Myosin
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A protein that helps the muscle to contract or relax. Cross bridges: Heads are the end of myosin,...
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Sacromere
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Contractile unit of skeletal muscle. Gives the muscle the appearance of striations and controls...
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First energy source
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For muscle contraction of the molecular level, ATP stores. Can cause muscle fatigue if there...
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Neurotransmitters
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Compounds of acetylcholine stored at the ends of nerve fibers. It is relased into the gap between...
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ATP
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supplies the energy for muscle fiber contraction.
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Creatine Phosphate
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Stores energy that is used to make ATP.
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Fast Twitch
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Contract quickly, providing short bursts of energy used for high intensity, low endurance activities....
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Slow Twitch
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Steady, low intensity repetitive contraction. Do not tire easily. Found in skeletal muscle...
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