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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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Releases energy, so the change in free energy is negative.
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Exergonic
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A type of energy exchange between systems that acts as a result of a difference in potentials other than temperature, such as volume or pressure.
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Work
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All portions of the universe except for the system.
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Surroundings
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The process by which the body synthesizes needed biochemicals.
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Anabolism
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Heat exchange at constant pressure; its a state function.
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Enthalpy
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A metabolic pathway in which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate with a net gain of 2 ATP molecules.
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Glycolysis
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A "measure of disorder" but is more properly viewed as a measure of the number of energy states into which a system may be distributed.
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Entropy
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A noncovalently associated group of proteins which catalyze a multistep process without the intermediates entering other pathways.
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Complex
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A small, organic molecule of cellular respiration that functions in the release of carbon dioxide gas and the transfer of electrons and protons to another coenzyme.
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CoA
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Metabolically irreversible reactions within a chemical pathway.
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Control points
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The specific portion of the universe under study.
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System
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A key feature of living organisms. The process uses reactants of higher energy (e.g., ATP) to drive what would otherwise be an energetically unfavorable reaction.
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Reaction coupling
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Results when cells oxidize NADH by reducing pyruvate (the end product of glycolysis) through fermentation. It diffuses out of the cell to avoid buildup.
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Lactate
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An inorganic substance that acts with and is essential to the activity of an enzyme; examples include metal ions and some vitamins.
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Cofactors
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A series of proteins that transfer electrons in cellular respiration to generate ATP.
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Electron transport chain
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