Flashcard Set Preview
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Cells are serviced by 2 fluids
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1. Blood- transports nutrients and waste2. Interstitial Fluid- bathes the cells
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Functions of Blood
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1. Transport- O2, CO2, waste, nutrients, hormones and heat2. Regulation- body temp, pH, water...
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Venipuncture
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medial cubital vein
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Components of blood
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55% plasma -- not clear b/c contains proteins (7%)45% cells
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Anemia
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not enough RBCs or not enough hemoglobin
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Polycythemia
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too many RBCs
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Hematocrit
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% of blood occupied cells
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Blood Doping
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Injecting extra RBCs into you body--- hard on your heart because it's like pumping molasses...
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Hematopoiesis and where does it happen in adults and an embryo
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Process of forming a new blood cellAdult- happens in bone marrow of flat bones and the ends...
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Pluripotent Stem Cells
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replenish themselves as they become either:1. Myeloid2. Lymphoid
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Myeloid & Lymphoid Cells
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Myeloid- develop into progenitor cells (can't divide) or blasts cellsLymphoid- develop...
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Hemopoietic Growth Factors
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1. Erythropoietin (EPO)- produced by kidneys, increases RBC precursor 2. Thrombopoietin...
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Hemoglobin
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Helps regulate BP by releasing (vasoconstriction) NO in the lungs and SNO (vasodilation) is...
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Erythropoiesis
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1. Prorythroblasts start to make hemoglobin2. Later nucleus is ejected and reticulocyte...
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Tissue Hypoxia
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Tissue not getting enough oxygen at high altitudes. Kidneys release erythropoitin (speeds development...
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WBC
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have a nucleus and no hemoglobinAre either granular or agranular based on staining
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Granular
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Neutrophils- fast response to killing bacteria by poking a hole in themEosinophils- release...
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Agranular
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Lymphocytes B-Cells- destroy bacteria and their...
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Normal WBC Count
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neutrophils 60-70% (up if
bacterial infection)lymphocyte
20-25% (up if viral infection)
monocytes ...
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Hemostasis
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When you cut yourself vessels are open and spasm that's why you can stop bleeding and start...
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Platelet Formation
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1. Platelet Adhesion-- platelets stick to collagen in damaged epithelium 2. Platelet Release...
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Blood Clotting
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Blood drawn from the body thickens into a gelCa2+, emzymes and platelet substances neededProthrombinase...
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Vitamin K
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Required for synthesis of 4 clotting factors:ii (prothrombin), Vii, iX and X
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