Flashcard Set Preview
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personality
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an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
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free association
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in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says...
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pyschoanalysis
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Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and...
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unconscious
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Freud, a reservoir of mosty unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories/info processing...
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id
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contains a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that strives to satisfy basic sexual and...
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ego
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the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that mediates amon the demands of the...
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superego
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teh part of personality taht represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment...
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psychosexual stages
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the childhood stages of development during which the id's pleasure-seeking energies focus on...
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Oedipus complex
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a boy's sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for rival father.
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identification
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the process by which children incorporate their parents' values into their developing superegos
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fixation
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a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage, in which conflicts...
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defense mechanisms
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in psychoanalytic theory, the ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously...
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repression
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psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts,...
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regression
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psychoanalytic defense mechanism in which an individual faced with anxiety retreats to a more...
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reaction formation
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psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses...
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projection
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psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people disguise their own threatening impulses by...
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rationalization
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defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening,...
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displacement
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psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable...
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collective unconscious
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Carl Jung's concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species from...
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projective test
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a personality test, such as the Rorschach or TAT, that provides ambiguous stimuli designed...
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Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
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a projective test in which people express their inn er feelings and interests through stories...
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Rorschach inkblot test
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a set of inkblots, seeks to identify people's inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations...
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terror-management theory
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proposes that faith in one's worldview and the pursuit of self-esteem provide protection against...
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self-actualization
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according to Maslow, the ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical and psychological...
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unconditional positive regard
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according to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person
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self-concept
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all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question, "Who am I?"
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trait
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a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report...
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personality inventory
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a questionnaire on which ppl respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and...
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Minnesota Multiphasic Personaity inventory
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originally developed to identify emotional disorders, this test is now used for many other...
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empirically derived test
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a test developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between...
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social-cognitive perspective
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views behavior as influenced by the interaction between persons and their social context
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reciprocal determination
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the interacting influences between personality and environmental factors
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personal control
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our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless
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external locus of control
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ther perception that chance or outside forces beyond one's personal control determine one's...
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internal locus of control
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the perception that one controls one's own fate
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learned helplessness
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the hopelessness, and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated...
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spotlight effect
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overestimating others noticing and evaluating our appearnce, eprformance and blunders
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self-esteem
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one's feelings of high or low self-worth
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self-serving bias
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a readiness to perceive oneself favorably
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