Chapter 15 Individual Differences Flashcards

Overall set of expectations held by an individual with respect to what he or she will contribute to the organization and what the organization will provide in return

EffortAbilityLoyaltySkillsTimeCompetencies

Pay Job SecurityBenefitsCareer OpportunitiesStatusPromotion Opportunities

Extent to which contributions made by the individual match the inducements offered by the organization

Personal attributes that vary from one person to another
Physical, psychological or emotional

Relatively stable set of psychological and behavioral attributes that distinguish one person from another

Agreeableness High: courteous, flexible, cooperative, forgiving Low: irritable, short tempered, antagonistic
Conscientiousness High: Dependable, perseverance, thorough Low: Disorganized, careless, irresponsibleNegative Emotionality High: poised, calm, resilient, secure Low: excitable, insecure, reactiveExtraversion High: sociable, gregarious, talkative, assertive Low: likes to be alone, less talkative, reservedOpenness High: imaginative, curious Low: Fewer and narrower interests

Based on work of Carl JungUseful for determining communication stylesQuestionable validity and reliability

Extraversion (E) vs. Introversion (I) E: gets energy from being around people I: needs to be alone to recharge
Sensing (S) vs. Intuition (N) S: like concrete things N: like abstract conceptsThinking (T) vs. Feeling (F) T: base decisions on logic and reasoning F: base decisions on emotions and feelingsJudging (J) vs. Perceiving (P) J: like completion and being finished P: enjoy the process and open-ended situations

Extent to which people believe that they are in control of what happens to them
Internal: believe they can control what happens to themExternal: believe that what happens is controlled by luck or fate

Person's beliefs about his self-worth
Based on prior experience, behavior models, persuasion from others, assessment of physical/emotional state

Tend to maintain emotional distance
Believe that ends can justify the means

Extent to which a person believes that they are a worthwhile and deserving individual

The degree to which an individual is willing to take chances and make risky decisions

Continually strive to do things better