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Cards In This Set
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Distinguish between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.
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Autotrophic; makes own food
Heterotrophic; live on compounds produced by other organisms |
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Describe the location and structure of the chloroplast; list all membranes and compartments
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Found mainly in the cells of mesophyll. Includes intermembrane, stroma and thylakoid.
Have chlorophyll = green pigment |
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Write a summary equation of photosynthesis
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6 CO2 + 12 H2O + Light energy ->C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O
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Describe the two main stages of photosynthesis in general terms
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Light reactions; Photo part - across thylakoid membranes and produces ATP and NADPH
Calvin cycle; Synthesis part - in stroma and produces sugar |
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Describe the relationship between an action spectrum and an absorption spectrum
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Action spectrum; Profiles the relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of radiation in driving the process
Absorption spectrum; A graph that plots a pigment's light absorption verses wavelength |
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List the wavelengths of light that are most effective for photosynthesis.
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Red and Orange
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Explain what happens when chlorophyll or accessory pigments absorb photons
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The electrons from chlorophyll a are picked up by an acceptor molecule and sent through the cytochrome system. Electrons from chlorophyll b and the accessory pigments replace the electrons from chlorophyll a
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Explain the role of redox reactions in photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis involves the reduction of carbon dioxide into sugars and the oxidation of water into molecular oxygen.
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List the components of a photosystem and explain the function of each component
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Photosystem II
Photosystem I |
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Trace the movement of electrons in noncyclic electron flow
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2 electrons taken from water - electron from water replaces electron lost by the reaction center chlorophyll
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Summarize the light reactions with an equation and describe where they occur
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12H2O + 12NADP + 18ADP + 18Pi → 6O2 + 12NADPH + 18ATP
On the thylakoid membranes in the chloroplast. |
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Describe important differences in chemiosmosis between oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and photophosphorylation in chloroplast
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OPM: High energy electrons dropped down the transport chain are extracted from organic molecules PC: source of electrons is water; don't need molecules from food to make ATP - they capture light energy
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State the function of each of the three phases of the calvin cycle
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Carbon Fixation: Attaches each CO2 molecule to a five carbon sugar names ribulose bisphosphate - 3CO2 + 3RuBP -> 6 3-PG [rubisco]
Reduction: 6 3-PG -> (6ATP 6ADP 6NADP+) 6 G3P -- 1 G3P exits the cycle, 5 G3P continue to phase 3 Regeneration of the CO2 acceptor: 5 G3P -> (3ATP 3ADP) 3 RuBP -- The 5 G3P molecules are rearranged to regenerate RuBP |
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Describe the role of ATP and NADPH in the calvin cycle
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ATP = helps with respiration and gets ATP from photosystem I
NADPH = from photosystem II |
