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Cards In This Set
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Somatic cells
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All the cells in n the organism (animals) except for gametes (sex cells); undergo mitosis
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Gametes
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Sex/reproductive cells; egg & sperm
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Meiosis
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Cell division that results in the halving of chromosome number; produces reproductive cells (gametes) (4) in the haploid state; generates genetic diversity
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Haploid
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Possessing a single set of chromosomes; n cells(egg & sperm)
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Diploid
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Possessing two sets of chromosomes; 2n cells
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Tetrad
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The grouping formed by the linkage of two homologous chromosomes in prophase I of meiosis. the 4 sister chromatids involved in this linkage give it the name
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Prophase I
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Homologous chromosomes link as they condense, forming tetrads. crossing over occurs
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Metaphase I
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Microtubules move homologous chromosomes to metaphase plate. independent assortment occurs
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Anaphase I
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Microtubules separate homologous chromosomes (sister chromatids remain together)
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Telophase I
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Two haploid daughter cells result from cytokinesis
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Metaphase II
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Sister chromatids line up at new metaphase plate
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Anaphase II
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Sister chromatids separate
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Telophase II
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4 haploid cells result
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Crossing over
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Process that occurs in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes exchange reciprocal portions of themselves
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Independent assortment
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The random distribution of homologous chromosome pairs during meiosis; ensures that offspring produced through sexual reproduction will be unique
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