Chap 5 Vocabulary

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The Language of Medicine Chap 5 Vocabulary

Created Jun 4, 2010
by miken17

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	Side A	Side B
1	absorption	Passage of material through the walls of the small intestines into the blood stream
2	amino acid	Building blocks of proteins. Produced when proteins are digested
3	amylase	Ensyme secreated by the pancreas
4	anus	Opening of the digestive tract to the outside body
5	appendix	pouch hanging from the cecum
6	bile	digestive juice made in the liver stored in the gallbladderbreaks up (emulsifies) large fat...
7	bilirubin	pigment released by the liver in bile
8	bowel	intestine
9	canine teeth	pointed tooth next to (distal) the incisors
10	cecum	first part of the large intestine
11	colon	large intestine
12	common bile duct	carries bile from liver and gallbladder to duodenum
13	defecation	elimination of feces from the digestive tract through the rectum
14	degulutition	swallowing
15	dentin	major tissue composing teeth covered by enamel in the crown and a protective layer of cementum...
16	digestion	breakdown of complex foods into simpler forms
17	dduodenum	1st part of the small intestine - 12 inches long
18	elimination	act of removal of indigestable materials from the body
19	emulsification	physical process of breaking down fat globules into smaller globules
20	enamel	hard outermost part of the tooth
21	enzyme	chemical that speeds up reaction between substances
22	esophagus	tube connecting throat to the stomach
23	fatty acids	substance produced when fats are digested
24	feces	solid waste
25	gallbladder	small sac under the liver, stores bile
26	glucose	simple sugar
27	glycogen	starch, glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in liver cells
28	hydrochloric acid	substance produced by the stomach, necessary for digestion of food
29	ileum	3rd part of the small intestine
30	incisor	one of 4 front teeth in the dental arch
31	insulin	hormone produced by the pancreastransports sugar from the blood into the cellsstimulates glycogen...
32	jejunum	2nd part of the small intestine
33	lipase	pancreatic enzyme to digest fats
34	liver	organ located in the RUQsecrets bile, stores sugars, iron and vitamins, produces blood proteins...
35	lower esophageal sphincter	ring of muscles between esophagus and stomach aka cardiac sphincter
36	mastication	chewing
37	molar teeth	6th, 7th and 8th teeth from the middle on either side of the dental arch
38	premolar teeth	4th and 5th teeth from the middle on either side of the dental arch
39	palate	roof of the mouthhard palate lies anterior to the soft palate
40	pancreas	organ under the stomach produces insulin and enzymes
41	papillaepapilla (singular)	small elevations on the tongue
42	parotid gland	salivary gland withing the cheek
43	peristalsis	rhythmic contractions of the tubes of the gastrointestinal tractmoves contents through GI tract...
44	pharynx	throatpassageway for air and food from the mouth
45	portal vein	large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines
46	protease	enzyme that digest protein
47	pulp	soft tissue within a tooth
48	pyloric sphincter	ring of muscles at the end of the stomach near the duodenum
49	pylorus	distal region of the stomach opening to the duodenum
50	rectum	last section of the large intestineconnecting the end of the colon and the anus
51	rugae	ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach
52	saliva	digestive juices produced by the salivary glands
53	salivary glands	parotoidsublingualsubmandibular
54	sigmoid colon	4th and last S shaped segment of the colon just before the rectum
55	sphincter	circular ring of muscles that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening
56	stomach	muscular organ that receives food from the esophagusstomach parts:fundusbodyantrum
57	triglycerides	large fat molecules composed of 3 parts fatty acid and 1 part glycerol
58	uvula	soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate
59	villivillus (singular)	Microscopic projections in the wall of the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the blood...