Flashcard Set Preview
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neurons
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nerve cells
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nerves`
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collection of neurons
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acetylcholine
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internal chemical that activate cell membranes of neurons
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nervous impulse
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energy released through the length of a nerve cell
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receptors
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receive electrical impulses
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two major divisions of the nervous system
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central peripheral
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central nervous system
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brainspinal cord
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peripheral nervous system
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cranial nervesspinal nervesplexusesperipheral nerves throughout the body
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cranial nerves
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carry impulses between the brain, head, neck
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vagus nerveaka 10th cranial nerve
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carries messages to and from the neck, chest, and abdomin
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sense receptors
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eyes, ears, nose
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sensory (afferent) nerves
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carry messages related to changes in the environment toward the spinal cord and the brain
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autonomic nervous system
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nerves that function involuntarilycarry impulses away from the central nervous system
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sympathetic nerves
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stimulate the body in times of stressincrease heart rate, dialate airways, increase blood pressure...
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plexus
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large network of nerves in the peripheral nervous system
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dendrites
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branching fibers in neurons
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how a stimulus travels
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dendrite ->cell body->cell nucleus->axon->terminal end fibers
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gangliaganglion (singular)
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small collections of nerve cell bodies outside the brain and spinal cord
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myelin sheath
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fatty tissue covering axons giving them a white appearance
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synapse
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space where the nervous impulse jumps from one neuron to another
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neurotransmitter
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chemical substance that allows transfer of impulses across synapses
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Examples of neurotransmitters
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acetylcholine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, adrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, endorphins
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neurons are microscopicnerve is macroscopic
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neurons are microscopic
nerve is macroscopic
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sensory nerves
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peripheral nerves that carry impulses to the brain and spinal cord
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motor nerves
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carry impulses from the central nervous system to organs and produce responses
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parenchymal (doing the essential work) tissue of the nervous system
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neurons and nerves
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stromal (supporting )tissue of the nervous system
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glia cells - do not transmit impulsesholds the system together and wards off infectionmore...
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Four types of glia cells
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astrocytes - star like transport water and salts between capillaries and neuronsmicroglial...
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blood-brain barrier
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protective barrier between the blood and brain
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