Flashcard Set Preview
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Archaea
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Domain of life containing:
-anucleate cells (w/ unique lipids in their membranes)
-distinctive...
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Bacteria
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Domain of life containing:
-anucleate cells (w/ distinct rRNA sequences)
-cell walls that...
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Eukarya
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Domain of life containing:
-organisms made of cells w/ a membrane-delimited nucleus
-protists,...
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Fungi
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A diverse group of eukarytotic microorganisms
-unicellular forms (yeasts)
-multicellular...
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Genome
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The entire genetic makeup of an organism.
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Genomic analysis
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An approach to studying organisms that:
-involves sequencing the genome
-identifying genes
-assigning...
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Koch's Postulates
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A set of rules for proving that a specific organism causes a particular disease.
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Microbiology
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-Study of organisms that are usually too small to be seen with the naked eye.
-Special techniques...
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Microorganism
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-An organism that is too small to be seen clearly with the naked eye.
-Lacks highly differentiated...
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Prions
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Infectious agents (composed only of protein) that cause spongiform encephalopathies (like scrapie...
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Prokaryotic Cells
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Cells with a lack of a true, membrane-enclosed nucleous. (All Archaea and most Bacteria...
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Protists
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Mostly unicellular eukaryotic organisms that lack cellular differentiation into tissues.
-Includes...
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Spontaneous generation
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A discredited early belief that living organisms could develop from nonliving matter.
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Viroids
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Infectious agents of plants composed only of single-stranded RNA.
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Viruses
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Infectious agents having:
-a simple acellular organization (w/ a protein coat and a nucleic...
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Virusoids
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Infectious agents:
-Composed only of single-strand RNA
-unable to replicate w/out the aid...
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Cellular Microbes
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-Usually smaller then 1mm in diameter
-Often unicellular
-If multicellular - lack differentiated...
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3 domains of cellular organisms
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Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
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Algae
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-Photosynthetic
-With cyanobacteria, produce about 75% of the planets oxygen.
-the foundation...
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Important attributes of life
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1)Cells and organization
2)Energy use and organization
3)Response to environmental changes
4)Regulation...
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RNA vs. DNA
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DNA stores hereditary information, serves as the template for its own replication (requires...
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Endosymbiotic hypothesis
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The origin of 3 eukaryotic organelles (mitochondria, chloroplasts, hydrogenosomes)
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Endosymbiosis
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Interaction between 2 organisms in which one organism lives inside the other.
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Extant organisms
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Present day organisms that have "relics" of ancient life forms.
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Ribozymes
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Catalytic RNA molecules.
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HGT
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Horizontal Gene Transfer
-Genetic information from a donor organism is transferred to a recipient,...
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Joseph Lister
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English surgeon that developed a system of antiseptic surgery designed to prevent microorganisms...
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