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Cards In This Set
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What are the 3 components of a system?
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SensorIntegratorEffector
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How does a Negative Feedback System work?
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Acting in the reverse direction of the change in the system that occurred.
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How does a Positive Feedback System work?
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Acting towards the same direction as the change in the system that occurred, up until a specific point where the loop's purpose is achieved.
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What is the significance of the Hypothalamus? In what kind of organisms can this structure be found? (Ecto/Endo-therms)
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It controls many functions of the body, including regulation of heat. Found in Endotherms, which maintain a constant heat level independent of surroundings. Thermoregulation.
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What kind of responses are expected when the body needs to warm up?
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- Raised Hairs- Vasoconstriction- Goosebumps- Shivering- Increased metabolic rate
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What kind of responses are expected when the body needs to cool down?
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- Vasodilation- Sweating
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How does the Nervous System work?
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Neurons (Sensors) relay messages to the Brain (Integrator), which then creates a response (Effector)
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What are the two main branches of the Nervous System?
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Central Nervous System (CNS)Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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What are the two main components of the CNS?
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The Brain and the Spinal Cord.
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What are the branches and sub-branches of the PNS?
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Somatic (Conscious/Voluntary movements) |--- Sensory |--- MotorAutonomic (Subconscious/Involuntary movements) |--- Sympathetic (Fight or Flight) |--- Parasympathetic (Rest and Digest)
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What are the main components of the brain as learned in class? What are their main functions?
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Frontal Lobe - Higher Level ThinkingTemporal Lobe - Emotion, Language, HearingCerebellum - BalanceParietal Lobe - Sensory MotorOccipital Lobe - Vision
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What structure connects the two hemispheres of the brain?
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Corpus Callosum
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What is the normal neural pathway, and what is the Reflex Arc?
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Normal: Neuron --> Brain --> Muscle
Reflex: Neuron --> Spinal Cord --> Muscle |
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What are the two types of cells in the Nervous System?
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Glial Cells: Non-conducting; Structural & Metabolic supportNerve Cells: Conduct impulses
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What are the three types of nerve cells?
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Sensory - Input; AfferentInterneuron - IntegratorMotor - Output; Efferent
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