Flashcard Set Preview
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Composite cell
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3 ComponentsNucleus
Cytoplasm
Membrane
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Within Cytoplasm
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organelles that perform specific functions
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Cell Membrane
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regulates what goes in and out of the cell
participates in signal transduction
helps cells...
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Cell Membrane consists of
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double layer of phospholipids with fatty acid tail turned inward
Molecules that are soluable...
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CAMs
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Membrane proteins called cellular adhesive molecules help determine one cells interaction with...
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Cytoplasm
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consists of clear liquid - cytosol
a supportive cytoskelton
and networks of membranes and...
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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contained in cytoplasm
consists of :
membranes
flattened sacs
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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with ribosomes - it's rough and functions in protein synthesis
without ribosomes - its smooth...
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Ribosomes
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found in the Endoplasmic Reticulum
composed of protein and RNA
provide structural support...
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Golgi aparatus
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composed of flattened sacs
refines, packages, modifies and delivers proteins
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Mitochondria
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powerhouses of the cell
contain enzymes needed for aerobic respiration
. inner...
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Lysomes
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garbage disposals of the cell
contain enzymes to break apart old cell components
and bacteria
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Peroxisomes
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contain enzymes that function in the synthesis of bile acids, breakdown of lipids
degredation...
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Microfiliments and microtubulars
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thin threadlike structures that serve as cytoskeleton for the cell
Microfiliments - made...
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Centrosome
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made up of two hollow cylinders call centrioles
function in separation of chromosomes during...
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Cilia and Flagella
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motile extensions from the cell
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Vesicles
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form from part of the cell membrane of gogli and store materials
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Cell Nucleus
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bounded by a double layer nuclear membrane
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Nucleous
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composed of RNA and protein
site of ribosome production
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Chromatin
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loosely coiled fibers of protein and DNA
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Cell membrane controls
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what passes through it
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Mechanisms of cellular movement
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Passive requiring no energy expenditure:
. diffusion
. facilitated...
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Diffusion
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caused by the random motion of molecules
involves the movement from an area of greater concentration...
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Facilitated Diffusion
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uses membrane proteins that function as carriers to move molecules across the cell membrane
#...
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Osmosis
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special case of difussion
water moves from an area of greater water across a permeable membrane...
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Filtration
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Hydrostatic pressure forces molecule through membranes
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Active Transport
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uses ATP to transport molecules from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration
as...
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Particles that get actively transported
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sugars, amino acids, sodium, potassium, calcium, hydrogen ions
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Endocytosis
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molecules that are too large for transport are engulfed by the cell
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Exocytosis is the reverse of endocytosis
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molecules are ejected by the cell
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3 forms of endocytosis
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pinocytosis
phagocytosis
receptor-mediated endocytosis
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Pinocytosis
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cells engulf liquid
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Phagocytosis
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cell takes in larger particles
ex: a white blood cell engulfing bacteria
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Receptor-mediated endocytosis
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allows cell to take in vary specific molecules
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