Flashcard Set Preview
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| 1 |
What type of bond bonds the hydrogen atoms to the oxygen atom in water
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covalent bonds
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| 2 |
what are covalent bonds
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bonds that involve the sharing of electrons
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| 3 |
what is different about the charge of water
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water is a polar molecule. the oxygen is slightly negative and the hydrogen ends are slightly...
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| 4 |
what is a hydrogen bond?
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when the negative charge of oxygen atoms in H2O bond to the positive charges of hydrogen atoms...
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| 5 |
What is cohesion and what does it cause?
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the state in which water molecules stick together due to Hydrogen bonding. It causes surface...
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| 6 |
IS the specific heat of water high or low? Why is this important?
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Water has a high specific heat which has important biological implications because it takes...
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| 7 |
What is denser, liquid water or solid water?
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liquid water is more dense because water expands when it freezes, making ice capable of floating.
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| 8 |
What types of compounds are capable of disolving in water?
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Anything with a charge.
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| 9 |
What is hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and amphipathic?
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hydrophilic - capable of dissolving in waterhydrophobic - does not interact with wateramphipathic...
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| 10 |
What makes something organic
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It contains carbon
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| 11 |
why is carbon an essential building block for life?
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carbon has fouyr electrons in its valence shell and can share electrons with up to four other...
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| 12 |
What are the functions of carbohydrates
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energy storagestructureinformation storage
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| 13 |
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate
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monosaccharides
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| 14 |
name the five types of monosaccharides
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glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose, and ribulose
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| 15 |
what is a disaccharide
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a sugar
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| 16 |
what is the polymer of carbs
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polysaccharides
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| 17 |
what is glycogen
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a surplus of sugar that animals store as glycogen molecules in their livers.
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| 18 |
what is cellulose
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a polymer of glucose that is important for plant cell walls.
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| 19 |
Are lipids monomers or polymers
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monomers
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| 20 |
are lipids hydrophobic or hydrophilic
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hydrophobic
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| 21 |
what are the main biological functions of lipids
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Energy storage, protection, insulation (fats)main components of cell membrane (phospholipids...
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| 22 |
what are triacyglycerol molecules made of and what are they?
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three fatty acids and a glycerol join via condensation synthesis. triacyglycerols are dietary...
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| 23 |
What are the characteristics of saturated fats?
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saturated fats have no double bonds because they form bonds with two hydrogens and two carbons....
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| 24 |
What are the characteristics of unsaturated fats?
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They are liquid at room temp. They have double bonds along their lengths and attach to less...
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| 25 |
What are phospholipids made of and what is its relationship with water
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two fatty acids molecules, and a glycerol
joined to a phosphate group. Amphipathic
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| 26 |
What is the structure of steroids?
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four-fused ring structure
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| 27 |
What are the main functions of steroids?
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cholesterol, which is an important component of cell membranes. also sex hormones line estrogen...
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| 28 |
What are the main functions of proteins?
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structural, mechanical, and enzymes
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| 29 |
What are the monomers of proteins
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Amino Acids
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| 30 |
What are the different groups in amino acids?
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amino group, carboxyl group, variable group, and a hydrogen
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| 31 |
what is a chain of amino acids
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polypeptides
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| 32 |
what is the monomer of nucleic acid and what is that monomer made up of?
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 nucleotides. |
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| 33 |
What is RNA's sugar, its nitrogenous bases, and is it single stranded or double stranded?
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RNA: ribose is its sugar. its nitrogenous bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil....
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| 34 |
Which nitrogenous bases are base pairs
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adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine.
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| 35 |
What is anabolism
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the joining of monomers to form a polymer
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| 36 |
what is catabolism
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the breaking apart of polymers into its monomers.
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| 37 |
condensation/dehydration synthesis
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when two monomers come together when a hydrogen of one monomer is taken off and a hydroxide...
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| 38 |
hydrolisis
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a type of catabolism where a molecule is broken apart by the addition of water
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| 39 |
What is DNA's sugar, its nitrogenous bases, and is it single stranded or double stranded?
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DNA: its sugar is deoxyribose. its nitrogenous bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine....
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