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Cards In This Set
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What is the hypothalamus?
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Part of the brain tat controls homeostasis
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What does the hypothalamus control?
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The autonomic nervous system, endocrine and motivational systems
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What does the hypothalamus regulate?
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Body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, water balance, food intake, emotions and reproduction
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What is the autonomic nervous system?
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An involuntary motor system
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What does the autonomic nervous system control/coordinate?
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Functioning of organs, smooth and cardiac muscle and exocrine glands. physiological priorities in emergency situations
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Autonomic nervous system is divided into...
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The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems--act against each other--each excites some organs and inhibits others
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What does the sympathetic nervous system do?
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Mediates fight or flight response and stress reactions
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What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?
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Mediates rest and digestion
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What is the adrenal medulla?
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Mass of neurons located in the center of the adrenal gland--surrounded by adrenal cortex
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In an emergency or high stress situation, the adrenal medulla releases what? how?
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The sympathetic nervous system signals the adrenal medulla to release epinephrine
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Adrenal medulla acts as a(n)...?
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Endocrine gland derived from autonomic nervous system
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When is epinephrine crucial?
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When an animal is in trouble
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Strong activation of the adrenal medulla causes: (4 things)
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A. increased heart rate and blood pressureb. general vasoconstriction (constriction of blood vessels) and decreased blood to most organsc. but increased blood to skeletal muscled. increased blood glucose, mental activity, rate of coagulation and sweating
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Hormones are...?
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Compounds released by cells and transported by blood and or extracellular fluid to affect target cells
they control and organize much of physiology |
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By what mechanism do hormones control and organize much of physiology?
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Many tissues have genetically and developmentally set levels of product they make 1. production is controlled by hormones 2. endocrine cells monitor levels of this product in their extracellular fluid 3. output of hormone is adjusted to maintain a set level of the product
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