behavioral psyc 326 final

52 cards

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Created Dec 8, 2011
by cjbenassi

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	Side A	Side B
1	observational learning	· learning by copying someone else, imitating behaviors....
2	social learning theory	· A person learns by observing and imitating...
3	Bandura	developed social learning theory and created bobo doll experiment
4	bobo doll experiment	Showed subjects a short film of adults beating a Bobo doll in a certain way. Children watched...
5	true imitation	copying and reproducing observed motor acts....examples of copying are not always true imitation,...
6	emulation	copying that replicates the outcome without reproduction of the same act....duplicate outcome...
7	tests for true imitation	two-action test and the "do as i do" (Hayes') test
8	two-action test	tests for imitational behavior where a box can be opened in two ways. A demonstrator uses method...
9	Do as i do test (Hayes' experiment)	tell subjects do as i do and chimpanzees were trained using american sign language, or through...
10	3 phases of inherited true template for birds	1. hear sounds 2. practice sounds 3. reproduce them in appropriate context....this is important...
11	contagion	inborn tendency to react emotionally to a visual or acoustic stimulus to indicate an emotional...
12	stimulus enhancement	due to circumstances, focus of organism is directed toward stimulus in environment as a result...
13	social transmission	observer learns something new through others (ex. library)....deliberate intent to pass on...
14	active instruction	ex. tigers, cats, orcas bring back weakened prey for young to practice their skills on.............actively...
15	stimulus matching	a desired result is observed and then the mechanism matched
16	vocal learning	the ability of animals to modify vocal signals in form as a result of experience interacting...
17	enriched environment	all same genetic backgrounds raised in standard lab environment with large cage so they...
18	survey of london taxi drivers	the person or the 10 yrs of experience?....posterior hippocampus on the right side is enlarged.....much...
19	visual hypothesis	store a visual image of the action and later use that to imitate........................visually...
20	direct-matching hypothesis	an action is understood when its observation causes the motor system of the observer to 'resonate.........also:...
21	encoding	allows the perceived item of use or interest to be converted into a construct that can be stored...
22	retrieval	likely only needed to activate one neuron within a hebbian circuit. hippocampus to cortex....
23	mirror neurons and autism (damage to cerebellum)	EEG recordings from motor areas are suppressed when someone watches another person move, a...
24	Asperger's syndrome	lacks delays in cognitive development and language....normal intellect but poor social...
25	frontal lobe dysfunction	impairment of the frontal lobe that occurs as a result of a number of diseases as well...
26	modeling	learning occurs at time of observation but is not expressed until a later time
27	perspective taking	being cognizant of another's individual perspective
28	isolation methods	birds in isolation still do learn songs but they lack complexity and richness of normally raised...
29	template model of song learning	young bird initially memorizes a song of its tutor, during later development bird matches own...
30	comparative psychology	study of behavior and mental processes in non-humans
31	social conformity	trends, fashions, languages....ex. rats smell each others breath after rat's reaction to aversive...
32	HVC	high vocal center-----important for storing memory
33	RA	robust nucleus of the archistriatum
34	area x	analgous to the basal ganglia and seems to be necessary for learning to occur
35	LMAN	lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum.....analagous to the mammalian frontal...
36	hippocampus	plays a significant role in the observer's memories of food preference. Lesions up to 30 days...
37	interesting projections from basal forebrain (cholinergic neuron)	Diagonal band of Broca (generation of theta waves involved in learning) -> Hippocampus...
38	echolalia	repeating something said to them over and over again, not true imitation....
39	autism	impaired social interaction, echolalia, restricted behavior patterns, poor at imitating, can...
40	dysexecutive syndrome	difficulty planning and possible changes in behavior/personality, DLPFC (working memory), cannot...
41	BDNF	brain derived neurotrophic factor....keeps neurons healthy, significant in LTP, , gene found...
42	alleles of serotonin receptor 5H2AR gene	His/His allele is most efficient production of serotonin receptors,,,,,,,Tyr/Tyr is 10% less...
43	infancy through adolescence	classical conditioning observed as young as 2 months, habituation can be observed in a fetus...
44	elicited imitation (type of observational learning)	shown how to operate toy at 10 months, at 14months and 5 years showed advantage without remembering
45	working memory	develops late, quantitative growth grows through childhood....capacity is 7+-2
46	mozart effect	listening to mozart makes one more intelligent as shown by rauscher, by improving spatial-temporal...
47	Weizel example of sensitive period	shut one eye of animal early in life....animals at first acted when they were blind then improved...
48	Harlow experiments	isolated monkeys at early age and huge impact on social development...sensitive period for...
49	imprinting	phase sensitive learning (learning that must occur during a certain period of time)
50	critical period	period in which animal identifies mother, if period is missed there is small chance the animal...
51	imprinting	critical periods in which an animal must have certain experiences in order to develop properly
52	adulthood through old age	severe decline in working memory as soon as 34, possibly due to loss of neurons in PFC,, development...