Basic Principles of Anesthesia Test II

31 cards

Fluid Managem ent��

Created Mar 23, 2010
by mpb21

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	Side A	Side B
1	Avoid or correct a hypovolemic state Restore intravascular volume Maintain...	Goals of fluid therapy
2	Predominate substance in the body	Water
3	Determined as a percentage of today body weight More muscle than fat = more body H2O Varies...	Total body water
4	TBW average for 70kg adult male: TBW average for 70kg adult female: TBW average...	60% 55% 80-90% 75% 50-55%
5	Extracellular fluid is what percent of TBW? a. Plasma % b. Interstitial fluid % Intracellular...	1/3 TBW a. Plasma: 4% b. Interstitial fluid: 16% 2/3 TBW
6	In a 70kg adult male, what is the: a. TBW % b. ECF % c. Plasma ECF % d. Interstitial...	a. 70kg x 60% = 42 L TBW b. 70kg x 20% = 14 L ECF c. 70kg x 4% = 2.8 L Plasma or about 3...
7	Movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration...	Osmosis
8	Number of osmotically active particles per liter of solution (mOsm/L) Dependent on...	Osmolarity
9	Number of osmotically active particles per kg of solvent	Osmolality
10	Starlings Forces (name all 4)	a. Capillary hydrostatic pressure b. ISF hydrostatic pressure c. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure d....
11	Force which pushed fluid out of the vasculature.	Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure
12	Force which pushes fluid out of interstitial space (either into plasma or into intracellular...	Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
13	Force which keeps fluid in the plasma Maintains plasma volume using proteins, albumin,...	Plasma colloid osmotic pressure
14	Force which maintains fluid in the interstitial space	Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure
15	Pressure needed to oppose the movement of water down a solute concentration gradient across...	Osmotic Pressure
16	The osmotic pressure exerted by the macromolecules on the capillary wall --proteins, colloids,...	Oncotic Pressure
17	Pressure exerted by a fluid at equilibrium at a given point within a fluid due to the force...	Hydrostatic pressure
18	Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration	Diffusion
19	Movement of ions or molecules across a membrane from lower concentration to higher concentration,...	Active transport
20	Two solutions with the same osmolarity as plasma volume Normal Saline and LR	Isotonic solution
21	Solution with lower osmolarity than a reference solution Fluid moves into interstitium D5W Result...	Hypotonic Solution
22	Solution with a higher osmolarity than the reference solution Fluid moves into intravascular...	Hypertonic Solution
23	solution of low molecular weight ions and small organic molecules dissolved in water Contain...	crystalloids
24	homogenous non-crystalline substance consisting of larger molecular weight molecules Hold...	colloids
25	Rapidly distribute throughout the ECF (20-30 minutes) Large volumes are needed to...	Crystalloid Solution
26	Dextrose Solutions	Glucose is rapidly metabolized, leaving water with or without electrolytes D5W equals...
27	Lactated Ringers	Most commonly used IVF Isotonic fluid replacement (osmolality 273) Slightly...
28	Normal Saline	0.9% contains 9 grams NaCl/Liter Osmolality is 308 Acceptable for use with...
29	Hypertonic Crystalloids (3% Saline or 7.5% Saline)	Useful for severe hyponatremia May be useful for resuscitation of severe hypovolemic...
30	Too much Crystalloids can cause:	Increased demands on cardiac function Dilution of plasma proteins causing increased...
31	Contain large molecules that are retained in the intravascular space Deermines the...	Colloid solutions