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Cards In This Set
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What were the names, subjects and authors of three books published before 1900 that included early progressivist ideas?
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O Wealth against Commonwealth by Lloyd about Standard Oil Co.
o The Theory of the Leisure Class by Veblen
o How the Other Half Lives by Riis (a Danish immigrant) about NY slums
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What was the late 19th century philosophy on industry, and why wasn't it effective anymore?
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· Laissez Faire was not working in the new age because businesses were getting out of control.
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List five groups of people associated with progressivism
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o Socialists (often European immigrants fueled by Old World ideas)
o Christians
o Feminists
o Greenback Labor Party
o Populists
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What was muckraking?
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Writing critical exposés in magazines
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Who was usually the target of muckraking? Give examples with two titles of muckraking pieces.
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Big businesses & Government. Ex:
o Frenzied Finance by Lawson about his own dishonest speculation company
o The Treason of the Senate by Phillips saying a majority of senators backed industry
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T or F? Most Muckraking documents were factual and accurate. Explain.
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True. The muckrakers wanted to avoid being sued for telling lies so they did careful research before writing.
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What social injustices, besides corruption in big businesses, did muckraking expose?
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o Slums
o Bad Factory Conditions
o Inequality for blacks (Following the Color Line, by Baker)
o Child Labor (Bitter Cry of the Children, by Spargo)
o Addictive & alcohol laced patent medicines
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Muckraking seemed noble, but what was its problem?
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It relied on public response rather than finding a solution
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What types of people were progressives?
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Middle class people who felt cheated by other classes, above or below.
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What were the four objectives of progressivism?
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1. Gain more control in government and law
2. Reduce dishonesty in politics
3. Achieve direct election of senators
4. Women's suffrage
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What rights did progressives push for to achieve more control in government and law?
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O Direct primaries: people chose candidates rather than party bosses
o “Initiative”: People can propose legislation themselves
o “Referendum”: Laws go on the ballot for approval by the people
o “Recall”: Ability to remove elected officials if they are found unfaithful
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What changes were made to politics to reduce graft?
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O Corrupt-practice acts, limiting $ spendable on campaign
o Laws banning huge gifts from corps.
o Secret Australian ballots to avoid bribery.
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Why was direct election of congressmen hard to achieve on a national level?
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The current plutocratic congressmen liked the method that was in place. Finally the 17th ammendment was passed in 1913 to change it.
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Did progressivism have the most success on the city, state, or national level? How?
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City. They would hire non-political city managers that would make reforms and improve the wellbeing of the city.
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Name one strength and one weakness of the the non-political city manager system.
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O Attacked slumlords, juvenile delinquency, prostitution, corrupt sale of franchise
o Often favored efficiency over democracy, taking power out of people’s hands
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