APES Chapter 8 Study Guide and Vocab Terms

•the application of population ecology to the study of humans -Demographers study population size, -Density and distribution, -Age structure, sex ratio, -And birth, death, immigration, and emigration rates

The average number of children born per female

Tfr that keeps the size of a population stable

•due to birth and death rates alone -In countries with good sanitation, health care, and food, people live longer

•average number of years that an individual is likely to continue to live -Increased due to reduced rates of infant mortality -Urbanization, industrialization, and personal wealth

•a model of economic and cultural change to explain the declining death and birth rates in industrializing nations

Birth rate and death rate are high

Death rate declines due to increased food production and improved medical care

Birth rate declines due to increased opportunities for women and access to birth control

Birth rate and death rate are low

•governments face overwhelming challenges related to population growth.

A type of cycle that shows an increase in its population but then levels off.

A formula that represents how humans’ total impact (I) on the environment results from the interaction among three factors: population (P), affluence (A), and technology (T). S for sensitivity factor. I=P x A x T (Our total impact results from the pop, affluence, and technology.

About 6.7 billion

1950's-2000's