Flashcard Set Preview
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| 1 |
what are the four main functions of connective tissues?
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support structures, protect structures, compartmentalize and form layers
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| 2 |
what are the three gross layers of the skin and underlying connective tissue? Name them in...
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epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
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| 3 |
what are the three types of muscle tissue wrappings?
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superficial, intermediate and deep
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| 4 |
what muscle tissue wrapping covers the muscle belly?
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the superficial
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| 5 |
what muscle tissue wrapping wraps around the muscle fascicles?
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the intermediate
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| 6 |
what muscle tissue wrapping wraps around individual cells?
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deep
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| 7 |
connective tissue wrappings extend the length of a muscle and end with what formation?
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tendons
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| 8 |
what does the tendon attach to?
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the periosteum of the bone
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| 9 |
the tendon attaches to the periosteum and the periosteum is continuous with what structure...
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ligaments
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| 10 |
what structure attaches bone to bone?
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ligaments
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| 11 |
what structure attaches muscle to bone?
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tendons
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| 12 |
what are the generalized medial attachment sites for back muscles?
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nuchal ligament, spinous processes, supraspinous ligaments, sacrum
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| 13 |
what are the generalized lateral attachment sites for back muscles?
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transverse processes of cervical spine and lumbar spine, angles of the ribs
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| 14 |
what structure wraps muscles in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spine?
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the thoracolumbar fascia
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| 15 |
what two (general) things do the muscles of the back do?
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maintain posture and mediate movement of the spine
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| 16 |
what is the role of the extrinsic muscles of the back?
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movement of the shoulder girdle and ribs
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| 17 |
what is the role of the intrinsic muscles of the back?
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posture and movement of the spine
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| 18 |
what are the four extrinsic superficial muscles of the shoulder/back?
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trapezius, latissiums dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid (major and minor)
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| 19 |
what are the two extrinsic intermediate muscles of the back/shoulder?
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serratus posterior superior|serratus posterior inferior
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| 20 |
what are the two intrinsic superficial muscles of the back/shoulder?
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splenius capitis|splenius cervicis
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| 21 |
what are the three muscles making up the erector spinae? Name them from medial to lateral
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spinalis|longissimus|iliocostalis
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| 22 |
what are the two intrinsic deep muscles of the back/shoulder?
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transverospinal group (semispinalis, multifidi, rotatores)|levator costorum
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| 23 |
what are the three muscles of the transverospinal muscle group?
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semispinalis, multifidi and rotatores
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| 24 |
describe the general shape of the trapezius
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three parts, large, diamond shape
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| 25 |
describe the general shape of the latissimus dorsi and what is the fiber direction?
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large, fan shape|superolateral
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| 26 |
describe the general shape of the levator scapula(e) and what is the fiber direction?
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they are a pair, and they are strap like|inferior fiber direction
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| 27 |
describe the general shape of the rhomboids and what is the fiber direction?
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broad bands|inferolateral
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| 28 |
describe the general shape of the serratus posterior superior and what is the fibre direction?
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small, thin, flat|inferolateral
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| 29 |
describe the general shape of the serratus posterior inferior and what is the fibre direction?
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small, thin, flat|superolateral
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| 30 |
describe the general shape of the splenius capitas and cervicis and what is the fibre direction?
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thin, strap like|superolateral
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| 31 |
describe the general shape of the erector spinae and what is the fibre direction?
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long, strong bands|vertical
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| 32 |
describe the general shape of the trasverospinal muscle group and what is the fibre direction?
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short muscles|superomedial
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| 33 |
how many levator costorum muscles are there?
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12 (pairs)
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| 34 |
where do the levator costorum muscles attach?
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to the transverse processes and the ribs
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