+
Related Flashcards
Related Topics
Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
|
Parasitoids
|
|
|
Three general catagories of hunting tactics
|
Ambush, stalking, pursuit
|
|
Ambush
|
Lie and wait; requires minimal energy; low frequency of success
|
|
Stalking
|
Deliberate tracking of prey; quick attack, most time spent encountering prey
|
|
Pursuit
|
Minimal search time; pursuit time great
|
|
Predator avoidance; prey strategies
|
Variety of defferrent stratigies; suggest predation is a stron selective force;
ex: moth ears have evolbved in responce to bat echolocation
|
|
Aposematic coloration (warning)
|
Color pattern advertises distasteful or poisonous nature; black and yellow, brightly colored, orange
|
|
Crypsis
|
Camouflage; zebras look like broken grassland, bay pipefish look like eel grass
|
|
Catalepsis
|
Frozen posture; movement alerts predator
|
|
Mimicry
|
Mimic other undesirable organisms
Mullerian (unpalatable species look alike)
Batesian(palatable species mimics unpalatable species)
|
|
Intimidation
|
Startle or scare off predator; toad swallows air to look larger, frilled lizard makes it look bigger, eyespots on moths
|
|
Chemical defense
|
Use of chemical irritant
skunks, octopus, bombarder beetle sprays noxious chemicals
|
|
Masting
|
Synchronous reproduction; saturate predators
Cicadas (13 or 17 year cycles) white oak trees
|
|
Consumers can limit resource populations
|
Sea urchins exert strong control on algae populations... if removed biomass of algae increase and the whole community shifts
|
|
Things that make an effective preditor
|
High reproductivity relative to prey, excellent dispersal powers, can switch to alternative food source; keystone predatror
|
