Anthro 131

56 cards

Midterm 1

Created Dec 7, 2006
by guest

Shuffle Cards

Table View

Download

Flashcard Set Preview

	Side A	Side B
1	Different Branches of Anthropology	Two Major divisions: 1) Physical - Physical characteristics of human populations 2)...
2	5 Branches of Socio/cultural anthro	1) Ethnography - Description of people based on direct observation or interviews with informants...
3	Objectives of anthropology	Documentation of variablity Account/explain variability Development of theories - develop...
4	History of Anthropology	1) Anthropology rose as a disciplin in late 19th century 2) Growth of anthropology was dependent...
5	Luis Henry Morgan	Father of social organization. Had a great influence. Much of the development of the field...
6	Franz Boaz	First anthropologist in academic setting at Columbia. He began to train anthropologists in...
7	End of Traditional ethnography	By 1930 traditional ethnography ended because so many traditional cultures were impacted by...
8	Arctic Cultural Region	Includes area that expands from Alaska to Greenland - mostly coastal where people live. Very...
9	Eskimo	Most of the people living in the arctic area. The word comes from the Chipala Indians who used...
10	How eskimos refer to themselves	Eskimos refer to themselves as "the people" or "us". They didn't see themselves as a nation,...
11	Tribal names chosen by other people	Inuit - What eskimos called themselves Aleut - Living on the alleutian islands.
12	Why eskimos live in such a cold movie?	Because the marine environment is highly productive with lots of marine mammals. A lot of activity...
13	Languages Spoken by Arctic People	Inupiaq - Spoken along the whole length of the Arctic coast from North Alaska to Greenland Yupik...
14	Relatives and kin of the eskimos	Closest relatives to people in Siberia they are result of pop expansion - 1000 years ago. This...
15	Harpoons made by the Eskimos	The Toggel harpoon head is made of ivory with blade from a sharp stone. Harpoon head rotates...
16	Clothing	1) Tailored clothing had arms for easier movements. 2) Used animal intestines to produce rain...
17	Nanook of the North	Film made in 1922 by Robert Flaherty Some screens were "staged" - when family woke up in the...
18	Transportation in the arctic	The sleds were used for transportation. They usually had ivory runners that were coated so...
19	Eskimo artifacts	Graves - Made from beaver tooth Baskets - Flexible, made from plants Smoking Pipes - Made...
20	Male Eskimo Social organization	In the arctic: Heierarchal. Beginning with the nuclear family. in most of the arctic- the extended...
21	Female Eskimo Social organization	In the west arctic: Extended family= female cousins and sisters In the North Alaskan, sex...
22	Villages	Series of extended families could form villages. Generally between 50-100 people. Depending...
23	Society	Several to 50 villages would form a society. Could be as many as 2000 people. In the east there...
24	Social organization in societies	People in societies were not necessarily politically integrated, There were leaders within...
25	Western Arctic cultural variations	Masks were much more complex in the western arctic. Caribu hunting and whaling also much more...
26	General Social Organization in the arctic	Egalitarian=everyone had equal status There were leaders, however they were just like everyone...
27	Subarctic Cultural area	South of the arctic area, includes northern canada. Very low population density. Ate annual...
28	Sub-arctic languages	Athabaskan - Northwest sub arctic Algankian - Northeast sub arctic
29	Southwest culture area	Includes the apaches and the navajo. Covers new mexico, arizona, colorado and parts of mexico.
30	Pueblo People	The Pueblo people invaded the people on the colorado plateau. Elevation on plateau was roughly...
31	Prehistoric Pueblo People	Anosazi Were basketmakers AD 200-700. People were very dependent on squash, corn, beans....
32	Sipapu	Anosazi ritual place, spirits would enter through here
33	Transition from below ground to ground level housing	Around 500 A.D, the prehistoric puebloans would begin to move into their ground level houses
34	Pueblo Population change in 1100-1200	There was a massive drought in 1150 when many pueblo people died. It wasn't until 1200 A.D...
35	Walpi Village	Village in Navajo county arizona, on a mesa facing southward occupied for several hundred years....
36	Zuni Pueblo	Used to consist of six different villages until the Pueblo revolt against the spanish in 1680...
37	Pueblo Agriculture	Had to develop special farming techniques for the arid environment. Sandy soil was placed on...
38	Pueblo Weaving	Done by men using cotton. Would weave garments and blankets. The navajo learned weaving from...
39	Additional Pueblo crafts	Baskets and elaborate blankets are still made for tourists. Jewelry (shellbead necklaces) are...
40	Pueblo Dance	Dances were both religious and social, and there was a regular calander of dances. There were...
41	Syncretism	The melding of 2 or more religious practices
42	Social Organization of Westen Pueblo People	Hopi, Zuni, Acoma, and Laguna were western pueblos. They have a clan-type social organization....
43	West Pueblo Clans	Clans consist of 1-10 matrilineages. Were important because there was a lineage head that would...
44	West Pueblo Phratries	A Grouping of clans, with one of the main functions being the control of marriage. Must marry...
45	Eastern Pueblo Social Organization	Division of village into 2 segments. You are born into a segment. Within the segments are moities....
46	Moieties	Weakly Patrilineal. Manage the agriculture, namely irrigation.Share governance of the pueblo...
47	East Pueblo Curing societies	Involved with curing illnesses. IN order to obtain membership, must have experienced a common...
48	Differences Between eastern and western pueblos	1) Western pueblos had clans, phratries and were matrilineal. Eastern pueblos perhaps were...
49	Navajo/Apache	Lived in Southwest, largest pop of indians in US and Canada
50	Traditional Navajo	Late settlers. Proven by coronado expedition (1540-1541) showed no record of either navajo...
51	Modern Navajo	The modern navajo are a result of Spanish enculturation. After the pueblo revolt of 1680, spanish...
52	Navajo recently	Refer to themselves as "dene" or "the people" Navajo rugs are very popular for tourist because...
53	Hohokam People	People of Southern Colorado Plateau. Lower elevation made for warmed climate. used irrigation...
54	Pima and Papago	Had shelters that did not need to withstand rainfall. Used cactus for their juices and mesquite...
55	Apache	Bordering the Pueblos to the east. Social organization was matrilocally defined (men moved...
56	Southwest Culture Area Summary	All but Apache Practiced Agriculture. Sedentary Villages Use of Pottery was common Less...