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Can You Explain The Following Sociology Terms Flashcards
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Side A ------ Side B Sociology ------ the scientific study of society and human behavior Sociological Perspective ------ opens a window into unfamiliar worlds and offers a fresh look at familiar ones Sociological Mindfulnessaka? ------ ("sociological imagination") Opening the mind to new and different ideas Psychoscerlosis ------ mental condition that prevents deprives people the ability to accept new ideas Global Purpose for Sociology ------ changes that incorporate us into a global network Auguste ComteWhy sociology founded? ------ founder of sociologyfrench revolution Herbert Spencersocial reform? ------ Second founder, coined phrase "survival of the fittest"no social reform Karl Marxreform? ------ said the root of human misery is social classshould reform Emile Durkheim(social integration) ------ human behavior studied by group interaction- suicide rates higher among people with weak community ties*degree to which people are tied to their social group Max Weber(versenth) ------ religion is the central force in social change"grasp by insight"- best interpreter of human behavior is someone who has been there Jane Adams ------ founded the Hull House- one of first women studying sociologywanted social reform WEB Dubois ------ first black man to get pHD from Harvardfounded NAACP Harriet Martineau ------ hid writings under sewing when she had visitors, mainly known for converting Comte's ideas from german to english C. Wright Mills ------ encouraged social reform (encouraged people to get back to it) Culture ------ patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving- also includes material objects passed down from previous generations Instinct ------ genetically inherited- appear among members of the same species Reflexes ------ simple biological reactions to physical stimuli(humans) Drives ------ impulse to reduce discomfort(ie- eating, sleeping patterns etc) SHEPARD ------ "reflexes and drives don't determine how humans behave- culture does" Language ------ set of symbols (our guide to reality) words and their rules Linguistic Relativity ------ our perception of reality is at the mercy of words and the grammatical rules of our language Values ------ those things considered good, desirable and beautiful by people who share a culture GERHARD LINKSI ------ "technology has great power to shape a society" Symbols ------ things that stand for something else (ie- applause) Dimensions of Culture ------ normativecognitivematerial Norms3 aspects of normative dimension? ------ rules defining appropriate behaviorfolkways, mores, laws Folkways ------ customary ways of behaving, thinking, feeling(ie- patterns of sleep, eating habits)Violation has only a minor consequence Mores ------ have great moral significance- vital to the well being of society(ie- killing, respect the flag) Laws ------ formally defined and enforcedviolation- sanctions enforced Cognitive Dimension ------ how we think about and perceive things/situations- comes from who or what you are surrounded by Material Dimension ------ material objects of a society- including some passed down for generations Cultural Universals ------ a value, norm or other cultural trait that appears in every culture Cultural Differences ------ type of involvement with cultural universals Social Catagories ------ men, women, young, old, race, religion etc. Subculture ------ cultural patterns that set apart a societys population Counterculture ------ cultural patterns that oppose those that are widely held ethnocentrism ------ judging another culture based on your own Global Economy ------ flow of goods, information and people Socialization ------ process by which people learn to participate in group life. Gardners Study ------ thin dwarf children began to grow when adopted Coley's looking glass self ------ self concept is based on our perception of what we think others judgements of us are
Side A ------ Side B Sociology ------ the scientific study of society and human behavior Sociological Perspective ------ opens a window into unfamiliar worlds and offers a fresh look at familiar ones Sociological Mindfulnessaka? ------ ("sociological imagination") Opening the mind to new and different ideas Psychoscerlosis ------ mental condition that prevents deprives people the ability to accept new ideas Global Purpose for Sociology ------ changes that incorporate us into a global network Auguste ComteWhy sociology founded? ------ founder of sociologyfrench revolution Herbert Spencersocial reform? ------ Second founder, coined phrase "survival of the fittest"no social reform Karl Marxreform? ------ said the root of human misery is social classshould reform Emile Durkheim(social integration) ------ human behavior studied by group interaction- suicide rates higher among people with weak community ties*degree to which people are tied to their social group Max Weber(versenth) ------ religion is the central force in social change"grasp by insight"- best interpreter of human behavior is someone who has been there Jane Adams ------ founded the Hull House- one of first women studying sociologywanted social reform WEB Dubois ------ first black man to get pHD from Harvardfounded NAACP Harriet Martineau ------ hid writings under sewing when she had visitors, mainly known for converting Comte's ideas from german to english C. Wright Mills ------ encouraged social reform (encouraged people to get back to it) Culture ------ patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving- also includes material objects passed down from previous generations Instinct ------ genetically inherited- appear among members of the same species Reflexes ------ simple biological reactions to physical stimuli(humans) Drives ------ impulse to reduce discomfort(ie- eating, sleeping patterns etc) SHEPARD ------ "reflexes and drives don't determine how humans behave- culture does" Language ------ set of symbols (our guide to reality) words and their rules Linguistic Relativity ------ our perception of reality is at the mercy of words and the grammatical rules of our language Values ------ those things considered good, desirable and beautiful by people who share a culture GERHARD LINKSI ------ "technology has great power to shape a society" Symbols ------ things that stand for something else (ie- applause) Dimensions of Culture ------ normativecognitivematerial Norms3 aspects of normative dimension? ------ rules defining appropriate behaviorfolkways, mores, laws Folkways ------ customary ways of behaving, thinking, feeling(ie- patterns of sleep, eating habits)Violation has only a minor consequence Mores ------ have great moral significance- vital to the well being of society(ie- killing, respect the flag) Laws ------ formally defined and enforcedviolation- sanctions enforced Cognitive Dimension ------ how we think about and perceive things/situations- comes from who or what you are surrounded by Material Dimension ------ material objects of a society- including some passed down for generations Cultural Universals ------ a value, norm or other cultural trait that appears in every culture Cultural Differences ------ type of involvement with cultural universals Social Catagories ------ men, women, young, old, race, religion etc. Subculture ------ cultural patterns that set apart a societys population Counterculture ------ cultural patterns that oppose those that are widely held ethnocentrism ------ judging another culture based on your own Global Economy ------ flow of goods, information and people Socialization ------ process by which people learn to participate in group life. Gardners Study ------ thin dwarf children began to grow when adopted Coley's looking glass self ------ self concept is based on our perception of what we think others judgements of us are
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