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Can You Answer These Science Of Glaciers Flashcards
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Side A ------ Side B Which of the followiing landscapes were not carved by glaciers? ------ the Grand Canyon A glacier forms when ------ snow accumulates to form ice and the ice mass begins to flow under its own weight. The water table is found at the ------ top of the zone of saturation Caves and caverns are formed in carbonate rock by ------ reaction of carbonic acid released into the groundwater The flow of a glacier begins ------ after it has reached a critical mass. Water able to be contained in the subsurface depends on ------ porosity The flow of ground is dependent on ------ hydraulic conductivity and pressure Which has the longest residence time ------ polar ice caps and glaciers The most important agent of erosion is ------ water The depositionaal landform at the farthest advance of a glacier is called a ------ terminal moraine As a large reservoir behind a new dam fills with water, what happens to the water table in the vicinity of the reservoir ------ the water table rises V-shaped valleys are ------ common in mountainous regions Through which of the following is the infiltration of water greatest? ------ sandy soil When a perched water table intersects the surface on a hillside, the result is ------ a spring In a delta environment the first grains to settle are ------ coarse-grained sediment The discharge of a stream is directly related to the ------ cross-sectional area of a channel and the average stream velocity Evaporation and precipitation are greatest over the ------ oceans Movement of water erodes stream channels. The main source of erosion comes from ------ physical abrasion of water and rock particles As water flows around a river meander, erosion occurs ------ on the outside of the meander In a delta environment we find that fine-grained sediments settle ------ far away from the mouth of the stream channel Water precipitation over land completes its cycle as it ------ all of these Of the three agents of erosion-water, wind, and ice- the one with the ability to move only the smallest particles is ------ wind Evaportation and pprecipitatioin are in balance over the ------ oceans Glaciers lose mass by ------ melting and calving In a meandering stream, dposition of sediment occurs on ------ the inner side of a meander Glacial debris is generally ------ a mishmash of shapes and sizes Stalactites from ------ from water rich in calciium dripping from a cave ceiling and from a cave ceiling downward Which of the following is a necessary condition for an ice mass to be a glacier ------ the ice mass must move under its own weight The principal cause of erosion and transportation of sediment in a desert environment is ------ water The most powerful agent of erosion is ------ glacial action Common galcial landforms created of drift include moraines ------ and drumlins What determines the maximum sediment load of a stream ------ stream discharge The necessary condition to produce an artesian system is ------ a confined aquifer under sufficient pressure Deltas form ------ as streams enter a standing body of water In a well in an unconfined aquifer,what is the highest level water can rise to if there is no pump? ------ to the level of the water table Stream velocity is dependant on ------ gradient, channel geometry,and discharge Point bars typically form ------ on the inside of a curved stream channel The flow of groundwater depends on ------ hydraulic gradient and hydraulic conductivity Stream velocity is faster in a ------ stream with a very steep gradient On a floodplain, stream flow is generally ------ meandering Glaciers will retreat when the amount of accumulation ------ is less than the amount of ablation each year The formations of rock hanging from the roofs of caves are called ------ stalactites As sediment travels in a downstream river, it changes by getting ------ finer Where does most rainfall on Earth finally end up before becoming rain again? ------ in the oceans The transport of large particle sizes is greatest ------ when steam speed is very fast Stalactites form ------ from water rich in calcium dripping from a cave ceiling and from a cave ceiling downward Most of the Earth's fresh water is located in ------ polar ice caps and glaciers The most common drainage network is the ------ dentritic drainage pattern Headward erosion of a group of cirques around a mountain may produce ------ a horn Which of the following is not involved in cave formation in limestone? ------ land subsidence The capacity a material has for transmitting fluids is known as its ------ permeability Landforms created by glacial erosion include ------ hanging valleys, cirques, and roches moutonnees. A moraine is a ------ glacier deposit Land subsidence is generally not reversible because ------ the compacted clay layers cannot be expanded Water in the unsaturated zone is called ------ soil-moisture When subsurface ground material is completely saturated with water, we call it ------ groundwater and the saturated zone As water is withdrawn from a well, the water table around the well ------ drops, creating a cone of depression Snow converts to glacial ice when subjected to ------ pressure The greater the hydraulic gradient the ------ the faster the flow The typical mountain valley that has been subjected to glaciation is shaped like ------ The letter "U" Water is vital to life on our planet. Most of the Earth's water supply is in the ------ oceans The maximum volume of sediment a stream can carry is dependent on the stream's ------ discharge Streams transport great quantities of sediment. The most effective transport of sediment occurs in ------ turbulent flow The poorest absorber of water is ------ rocky surfaces with no soil layer A rock with very low porosity will most often have a ------ low permeability The headwater flow of a mountain stream is generally characterized as ------ turbulent On a floodplain, the sediment grains away from the main river channel are ------ fine-grained silts and clays As streams move downslope, channel dimension generally ------ widens Blocks of ice buried in a glacial moraine often result in the formation of ------ small glaciel lakes The region above the zone of saturation is called ------ the zone of aeration The driving force of our planet's hydrologic cycle comes from ------ solar energy The necessary condition to produce an artesian system is ------ a confined aquifer under sufficient pressure Precipitation exceeds evaporation over the ------ continents The Mississippi River has a huge water and sediment capacity. As such, the river also has a huge delta. With each year and each episode of deposition, the ------ course of the river lengthens and the delta grows The annual amount of snow lost by a glacier is called ------ ablation What is the lowest level to which water can erode land? ------ sea level As water flows around a river meander, erosion occurs ------ on the outside of the meander In a meandering river, erosion is most notable on ------ on the outer side of the meander In general, sinkholes are found in areas ------ dominated by limestone Over withdrawal of groundwater causes ground subsidence in areas ------ underlain by unconsolidated sediments Within a stream channel, the speed of stream flow is greatest ------ in the middle of the channel at the water's surface
Side A ------ Side B Which of the followiing landscapes were not carved by glaciers? ------ the Grand Canyon A glacier forms when ------ snow accumulates to form ice and the ice mass begins to flow under its own weight. The water table is found at the ------ top of the zone of saturation Caves and caverns are formed in carbonate rock by ------ reaction of carbonic acid released into the groundwater The flow of a glacier begins ------ after it has reached a critical mass. Water able to be contained in the subsurface depends on ------ porosity The flow of ground is dependent on ------ hydraulic conductivity and pressure Which has the longest residence time ------ polar ice caps and glaciers The most important agent of erosion is ------ water The depositionaal landform at the farthest advance of a glacier is called a ------ terminal moraine As a large reservoir behind a new dam fills with water, what happens to the water table in the vicinity of the reservoir ------ the water table rises V-shaped valleys are ------ common in mountainous regions Through which of the following is the infiltration of water greatest? ------ sandy soil When a perched water table intersects the surface on a hillside, the result is ------ a spring In a delta environment the first grains to settle are ------ coarse-grained sediment The discharge of a stream is directly related to the ------ cross-sectional area of a channel and the average stream velocity Evaporation and precipitation are greatest over the ------ oceans Movement of water erodes stream channels. The main source of erosion comes from ------ physical abrasion of water and rock particles As water flows around a river meander, erosion occurs ------ on the outside of the meander In a delta environment we find that fine-grained sediments settle ------ far away from the mouth of the stream channel Water precipitation over land completes its cycle as it ------ all of these Of the three agents of erosion-water, wind, and ice- the one with the ability to move only the smallest particles is ------ wind Evaportation and pprecipitatioin are in balance over the ------ oceans Glaciers lose mass by ------ melting and calving In a meandering stream, dposition of sediment occurs on ------ the inner side of a meander Glacial debris is generally ------ a mishmash of shapes and sizes Stalactites from ------ from water rich in calciium dripping from a cave ceiling and from a cave ceiling downward Which of the following is a necessary condition for an ice mass to be a glacier ------ the ice mass must move under its own weight The principal cause of erosion and transportation of sediment in a desert environment is ------ water The most powerful agent of erosion is ------ glacial action Common galcial landforms created of drift include moraines ------ and drumlins What determines the maximum sediment load of a stream ------ stream discharge The necessary condition to produce an artesian system is ------ a confined aquifer under sufficient pressure Deltas form ------ as streams enter a standing body of water In a well in an unconfined aquifer,what is the highest level water can rise to if there is no pump? ------ to the level of the water table Stream velocity is dependant on ------ gradient, channel geometry,and discharge Point bars typically form ------ on the inside of a curved stream channel The flow of groundwater depends on ------ hydraulic gradient and hydraulic conductivity Stream velocity is faster in a ------ stream with a very steep gradient On a floodplain, stream flow is generally ------ meandering Glaciers will retreat when the amount of accumulation ------ is less than the amount of ablation each year The formations of rock hanging from the roofs of caves are called ------ stalactites As sediment travels in a downstream river, it changes by getting ------ finer Where does most rainfall on Earth finally end up before becoming rain again? ------ in the oceans The transport of large particle sizes is greatest ------ when steam speed is very fast Stalactites form ------ from water rich in calcium dripping from a cave ceiling and from a cave ceiling downward Most of the Earth's fresh water is located in ------ polar ice caps and glaciers The most common drainage network is the ------ dentritic drainage pattern Headward erosion of a group of cirques around a mountain may produce ------ a horn Which of the following is not involved in cave formation in limestone? ------ land subsidence The capacity a material has for transmitting fluids is known as its ------ permeability Landforms created by glacial erosion include ------ hanging valleys, cirques, and roches moutonnees. A moraine is a ------ glacier deposit Land subsidence is generally not reversible because ------ the compacted clay layers cannot be expanded Water in the unsaturated zone is called ------ soil-moisture When subsurface ground material is completely saturated with water, we call it ------ groundwater and the saturated zone As water is withdrawn from a well, the water table around the well ------ drops, creating a cone of depression Snow converts to glacial ice when subjected to ------ pressure The greater the hydraulic gradient the ------ the faster the flow The typical mountain valley that has been subjected to glaciation is shaped like ------ The letter "U" Water is vital to life on our planet. Most of the Earth's water supply is in the ------ oceans The maximum volume of sediment a stream can carry is dependent on the stream's ------ discharge Streams transport great quantities of sediment. The most effective transport of sediment occurs in ------ turbulent flow The poorest absorber of water is ------ rocky surfaces with no soil layer A rock with very low porosity will most often have a ------ low permeability The headwater flow of a mountain stream is generally characterized as ------ turbulent On a floodplain, the sediment grains away from the main river channel are ------ fine-grained silts and clays As streams move downslope, channel dimension generally ------ widens Blocks of ice buried in a glacial moraine often result in the formation of ------ small glaciel lakes The region above the zone of saturation is called ------ the zone of aeration The driving force of our planet's hydrologic cycle comes from ------ solar energy The necessary condition to produce an artesian system is ------ a confined aquifer under sufficient pressure Precipitation exceeds evaporation over the ------ continents The Mississippi River has a huge water and sediment capacity. As such, the river also has a huge delta. With each year and each episode of deposition, the ------ course of the river lengthens and the delta grows The annual amount of snow lost by a glacier is called ------ ablation What is the lowest level to which water can erode land? ------ sea level As water flows around a river meander, erosion occurs ------ on the outside of the meander In a meandering river, erosion is most notable on ------ on the outer side of the meander In general, sinkholes are found in areas ------ dominated by limestone Over withdrawal of groundwater causes ground subsidence in areas ------ underlain by unconsolidated sediments Within a stream channel, the speed of stream flow is greatest ------ in the middle of the channel at the water's surface
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