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Side A ------ Side B
The term, referring to the organization of time in music, gives shape to the pitches of the melody. ------ Rhythm 
When beats are gathered into regular groups, what is the result? ------ Meter
The downbeat is ------ all of the above
Which term describes placing an accent on a weak beat or between the beats? ------ syncopation 
Which definition is appropriate to melody? ------ a recognizable and memorable series of notes that form a cohesive musical line
What is the name for the central pitch around which melodies gravitate and on which they generally end? ------ tonic
The arrangement of pitches within the octave that ascends and descends according to a fixed patter is known as  ------ diatonic scale 
What is the term describing the change in tonal center from one key to another? ------ modulation
Which scale adds five more notes to the typical Western scale, adding color and richness to a melody? ------ chromatic
A dependent idea within a melody is a ------ phrase
The diatonic scale comes from what ancient culture? ------ Greek
The element that adds depth and dimension to music as well as providing support and accompaniment to the melody is  ------ harmony
What is a unit of two or more pitches that sound at the same time? ------ chord
What kind of chord consists of pitches that sounds agreeable and stable? ------ consonant 
The term that refers to the level of volume at which sounds are produced: ------ dynamics 
Which term refers to the distinct tone quality of sound? ------ color
Identify the correct order of voices, from highest to lowest ------ soprano - mezzo soprano - alto - tenor - bass
Which term consists of a single melody without accompaniment? ------ monophony 
The musical texture involving two or more simultaneously sounds lines is called ------ polyphony 
Which musical form consists of one melody repeated for successive stanzas of text? ------ strophic 
The curriculum called the quadrivium was made up of what subjects? ------ music, arithmatic, geometry, and astronomy 
Boethius transcribed ancient treatises from what country? ------ Greece
Which statement about Gregorian chants is wrong? ------ Pope Gregory the Great initiated the practice of composing chant, and wrote so many that this music was named after him 
What was the name of Medieval (instrumental) court music? ------ Estampie 
The most important composer of the Ars Nova, this individual was also a gifted poet. ------ Machaut 
The nucleaus (held by the tenor voice) of the mass, motet and organum is what? ------ gregorian chant melody 
A performance style of singing Gregorian Chant consisting of a soloist singing a phrase then followed by the choir is called?  ------ responsorial 
What is the term for the early polyphony of the Western Church? ------ organum 
The polyponic love song of the Medieval period is called ------ chanson
What does "humanism" mean? ------ belief that people have the capactiy to shape their world, and create good and beautiful things: emphasizes self-esteem and human worth 
Which composition is an example of a Renaissance motet? ------ Josquin's Ave Maria
Which term designates a composition sung by a choir without instrumental accompaniment?  ------ a cappella 
The process by which one or more musical voices, or parts, enter and duplicate exactly for a period of time the music presented by the previous voice is known as: ------ imitation 
This temperamental and egotistical composer, who was described as the musical equilvalent to Michelangelo, was so talented that he could demand twice the salary of his gifted peers.  ------ Josquin 
Whose music was so widely admired that later composers, including Bach and Mozart, incorporated elements of his style into some of their sacred works? ------ Palestrina 
Identify the inccorect statement regarding the madrigal ------ sung by a large a cappella choir
When music artfully depicts, or even mimics, the text, the result is ------ word painting 
Which church administrator decreed that certain chants should be sung on certain days of the liturgical year?  ------ Pope Gregory the Great 
What was considered the "work-horse" instrument of the Rennaissance? ------ lute
Name the four "Fine Arts" of the Rennaissance? ------ poetry, painting, music, and architecture 
All of the following characterize Baroque art, with the exception of ------ rational restraint 
The era known as the Baroque period was from ------ 1600-1750
When and where did Baroque music first appear? ------ around 1600 in northern Italy
What is the name given to the new kind of solo singing that emerged during the late Renaissance and early Baroque eta? ------ monody
What is the term for a small ensemble that provides a foundation for the melody or melodies above, requires at least two instrumentalists, and is heard almost exclusively in Baroque music? ------ basso continuo
The most common basso continuo group was the ------ harpsichord and cello
Which statement best describes the melodic style of the Baroque period? ------ all of the above
The dramatic text that composers set to music in an opera, oratorio, or cantat is called ------ libretto
Who composed the first full opera? ------ Monteverdi
Musically heightened speech that relates the action or dramatic narrative to the audience is called ------ recitative
What forms the core of sound in the Western classical orchestra? ------ strings
Who was a strict disciplinarian who insisted on high performance standards from his musicians. His death resulted from gangrene after he struck his own foot with his conducting stick. ------ Lully
A bass line that moves at a moderate pace, mostly in equal note values, and often stepwise up or down the scale is known as  ------ walking bass
The solosits in a concerto grosso are called the  ------ concertino
What form is typically used in the first and third movement of a concerto grosso? ------ ritornello form
This composer, born in Venice, was an ordained priest and virtuoso violinist. Worldy pursuits and relationship with a French soprano got him in trouble from church authorities. Died in obscurity and poverty. ------ Vivaldi
Who learned to compose music by studying the works of Corelli, Vivaldi, Pachelbel, and Palestrina. Also learned to play the organ and became the most renowned organ virtuoso in Germany. ------ Bach
Which Baroque genre opens with a section called the "exposition"? ------ fugue
Identify the genre that is not typical of the late Baroque ------ string quartet 
The "Four Season" was composed by what composer? ------ Vivaldi
The Brandenburg Concerti were composed by what composer? ------ Bach
How many movements does a concerto have? ------ 3
Who was considered by many the greatest opera composer of the Baroque? ------ Handel
What years are known as the Classical Period? ------ 1750-1820
The Classical era was particularly fascinated by the culture of which society? ------ ancient Greece and Rome
Which idea did not emerge during the Enlightenment? ------ the importance of communication passion no matter what sort of imbalance, contradiction, or formal inconsistency might result.
Identify the musical trait that is not typical of Classic period style ------ rhythm moves in a regular, constant pattern throughout the movement 
Who write symphonies, divertimentos, and operas for his parton's evening entertainment, as well as string trios that his patron could perform. He was responsible for an orchestra that was never larger than 25 musicians that were always uniformed. ------ Haydn
Who composed 104 symphonies and was the first to use theme and variations form in that genre. Known as the father of the string quartet  ------ Haydn 
Who displayed extraordinary musical talent by the age of 6. He could identify the notes played in any chord and could identiy a wrong note in a musical score while crawling on his back across a table. ------ Mozart
Who was considered the father of the modern piano concert, composing 23 original works, most of which were written to impress Viennese audience with his keyboard viruosity. ------ Mozart
The section in sonata-allegro form that presents the main thematic matieral of the movement is the  ------ exposition
When does most of the drama occur during a movement in sonata-allegro form? ------ development 
Identify the statement that does not apply to the sinfonia ------ the fisrt section is in a slow tempo with dotted rhythms, while the second is in a fast, imitative style 
Who is considered the "father of the string quartet"? ------ Haydn
The number and form of the movements in a Classical string quartet are identical to those of the Classical: ------ symphony 
Mozart and Haydn created a lasting frienship due to their chance to perform together in: ------ string quartets 
Which instrument is most closely associated with the genre of the sonata? ------ piano
Which genre was typically in three movements and played by amateur musicians to entertain their family, friends, and potential suitors in the intimacy of their own homes? ------ sonata
Which genre uses double exposition form? ------ concerto
Beethoven was a bridge to the Romantic era ------ True
Beethoven studied with Mozart ------ False
Beethoven's performing instrument was the  ------ piano
The idea of "art for art's sake" was born of the Romantic spirit ------ true
Which term describes when a performer momentarily alters the tempo to enhance the expressive quality of the music  ------ rubato
What was the average size of the orchestra during the Romantic period? ------ close to 100
Identify the group of composers who are not considered representative of the nineteenth century  ------ Telemann, Monteverdi, Corelli, Lully
Which art form was particularly important to composers? ------ literature 
What is the genre of art song, for voice and piano accompaniment, that originated in Germany around 1800? ------ Lied(er)
Who was considered the greatest composer of Lieder? ------ Schubert
The musical form of Schubert's Erlking is ------ through-composed
When a song features every-changing melodic and harmonic material, it is: ------ through-composed
Which composer moved to Leipzig, damaged his right hand, and then focused on msucial composition and criticism. Supported the workd of radical compoers such as Berlioz, Chopin, Mendelssohn, and Brahms ------ Robert Schumann
Which genre of composition consists of three, four, or five movents that together tell or depict a succession of specific events drawn from some extra-musical work or story? ------ program symphony 
Which genre typically precedes an opera or play and consists of a single movement that encapsulated the essency of the drama? ------ dramatic overture 
Identify the genre of program music that consists of a single movement in free form  ------ symphonic poem
Performances of this author's plays made a deep impression on Berlioz ------ Shakespeare
Who was appointed music firect for Gewandhaus Orchestra in Leipzig ------ Mendelssohn 
What form does a concert overture use? ------ sonata 
This composer is known as the "poet of the piano" and considered a national hero in Poland ------ Chopin
Which genre is a traditional Polish dance in triple meter with an accent on the second beat? ------ mazurka
Which genre of piano music suggests moonlit nights, romantic longing, and a certain painful melancholy? ------ nocturne 
Who is considered the greatest pianist of all time and wrote some of the most difficult works ever composed for that intrument ------ Liszt 
This genre is a short, one-movement composition designed to improve one or more aspects of a performer's technique ------ etude 
The Italian term for "beautiful singing"  ------ bel canto
Who was the most popular opera composer of his lifetime in Europe and today his operas are performed more than any other composer's  ------ Verdi
Identify the correct answer for "recitativo accompangnato" ------ all of the above
A fast concluding aria in which the increased speed of the music allows one or more soloists to race off stage at the end of a scene or act ------ cabaletta 
Who created an operatic tradition that was distinct to Germany, and he exerted enormous influence on the musical style of other composers during the end of the nineteenth century? ------ Wagner
Which term did Wagner use to describe compositions for the stage? ------ music drama 
What is the term meaning "total art work" that describes the unification of all the arts for a single dramatic purppose? ------ Gesamtkunstwerk
This operatic term describes a melodic motive associated with a person, object, or idea ------ leitmotif
What is the typical subject matter of realistic opera ------ everyday life 
What popular dance is derived from the "Habanero"? ------ tango
Musical nationalism was expressed through ------ all of the above 
Who was a memeber of "The Mighty Handful" or "Russian Five" and was the most original and lest Western in musical style of this group ------ Musorgsky
Which music came to dominate European culture during the last decades of the nineteenth century? ------ German orchestral 
Who first came to the public's attention in 1853 when Schumann praised him as hair to the tradition of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. Became Clara Schumann's confidant but their relationship did not end in marriage ------ Brahms
What is the term for instrumental music that is free of a text or any preexisting program? ------ absolute 
Who is the most prolific composer of late-nineteenth century program music, wrote in every genre of nineteenth century music, but excelled in music requiring a large orchestra ------ Tchaikovsky

Side A ------ Side B
The term, referring to the organization of time in music, gives shape to the pitches of the melody. ------ Rhythm 
When beats are gathered into regular groups, what is the result? ------ Meter
The downbeat is ------ all of the above
Which term describes placing an accent on a weak beat or between the beats? ------ syncopation 
Which definition is appropriate to melody? ------ a recognizable and memorable series of notes that form a cohesive musical line
What is the name for the central pitch around which melodies gravitate and on which they generally end? ------ tonic
The arrangement of pitches within the octave that ascends and descends according to a fixed patter is known as  ------ diatonic scale 
What is the term describing the change in tonal center from one key to another? ------ modulation
Which scale adds five more notes to the typical Western scale, adding color and richness to a melody? ------ chromatic
A dependent idea within a melody is a ------ phrase
The diatonic scale comes from what ancient culture? ------ Greek
The element that adds depth and dimension to music as well as providing support and accompaniment to the melody is  ------ harmony
What is a unit of two or more pitches that sound at the same time? ------ chord
What kind of chord consists of pitches that sounds agreeable and stable? ------ consonant 
The term that refers to the level of volume at which sounds are produced: ------ dynamics 
Which term refers to the distinct tone quality of sound? ------ color
Identify the correct order of voices, from highest to lowest ------ soprano - mezzo soprano - alto - tenor - bass
Which term consists of a single melody without accompaniment? ------ monophony 
The musical texture involving two or more simultaneously sounds lines is called ------ polyphony 
Which musical form consists of one melody repeated for successive stanzas of text? ------ strophic 
The curriculum called the quadrivium was made up of what subjects? ------ music, arithmatic, geometry, and astronomy 
Boethius transcribed ancient treatises from what country? ------ Greece
Which statement about Gregorian chants is wrong? ------ Pope Gregory the Great initiated the practice of composing chant, and wrote so many that this music was named after him 
What was the name of Medieval (instrumental) court music? ------ Estampie 
The most important composer of the Ars Nova, this individual was also a gifted poet. ------ Machaut 
The nucleaus (held by the tenor voice) of the mass, motet and organum is what? ------ gregorian chant melody 
A performance style of singing Gregorian Chant consisting of a soloist singing a phrase then followed by the choir is called?  ------ responsorial 
What is the term for the early polyphony of the Western Church? ------ organum 
The polyponic love song of the Medieval period is called ------ chanson
What does "humanism" mean? ------ belief that people have the capactiy to shape their world, and create good and beautiful things: emphasizes self-esteem and human worth 
Which composition is an example of a Renaissance motet? ------ Josquin's Ave Maria
Which term designates a composition sung by a choir without instrumental accompaniment?  ------ a cappella 
The process by which one or more musical voices, or parts, enter and duplicate exactly for a period of time the music presented by the previous voice is known as: ------ imitation 
This temperamental and egotistical composer, who was described as the musical equilvalent to Michelangelo, was so talented that he could demand twice the salary of his gifted peers.  ------ Josquin 
Whose music was so widely admired that later composers, including Bach and Mozart, incorporated elements of his style into some of their sacred works? ------ Palestrina 
Identify the inccorect statement regarding the madrigal ------ sung by a large a cappella choir
When music artfully depicts, or even mimics, the text, the result is ------ word painting 
Which church administrator decreed that certain chants should be sung on certain days of the liturgical year?  ------ Pope Gregory the Great 
What was considered the "work-horse" instrument of the Rennaissance? ------ lute
Name the four "Fine Arts" of the Rennaissance? ------ poetry, painting, music, and architecture 
All of the following characterize Baroque art, with the exception of ------ rational restraint 
The era known as the Baroque period was from ------ 1600-1750
When and where did Baroque music first appear? ------ around 1600 in northern Italy
What is the name given to the new kind of solo singing that emerged during the late Renaissance and early Baroque eta? ------ monody
What is the term for a small ensemble that provides a foundation for the melody or melodies above, requires at least two instrumentalists, and is heard almost exclusively in Baroque music? ------ basso continuo
The most common basso continuo group was the ------ harpsichord and cello
Which statement best describes the melodic style of the Baroque period? ------ all of the above
The dramatic text that composers set to music in an opera, oratorio, or cantat is called ------ libretto
Who composed the first full opera? ------ Monteverdi
Musically heightened speech that relates the action or dramatic narrative to the audience is called ------ recitative
What forms the core of sound in the Western classical orchestra? ------ strings
Who was a strict disciplinarian who insisted on high performance standards from his musicians. His death resulted from gangrene after he struck his own foot with his conducting stick. ------ Lully
A bass line that moves at a moderate pace, mostly in equal note values, and often stepwise up or down the scale is known as  ------ walking bass
The solosits in a concerto grosso are called the  ------ concertino
What form is typically used in the first and third movement of a concerto grosso? ------ ritornello form
This composer, born in Venice, was an ordained priest and virtuoso violinist. Worldy pursuits and relationship with a French soprano got him in trouble from church authorities. Died in obscurity and poverty. ------ Vivaldi
Who learned to compose music by studying the works of Corelli, Vivaldi, Pachelbel, and Palestrina. Also learned to play the organ and became the most renowned organ virtuoso in Germany. ------ Bach
Which Baroque genre opens with a section called the "exposition"? ------ fugue
Identify the genre that is not typical of the late Baroque ------ string quartet 
The "Four Season" was composed by what composer? ------ Vivaldi
The Brandenburg Concerti were composed by what composer? ------ Bach
How many movements does a concerto have? ------ 3
Who was considered by many the greatest opera composer of the Baroque? ------ Handel
What years are known as the Classical Period? ------ 1750-1820
The Classical era was particularly fascinated by the culture of which society? ------ ancient Greece and Rome
Which idea did not emerge during the Enlightenment? ------ the importance of communication passion no matter what sort of imbalance, contradiction, or formal inconsistency might result.
Identify the musical trait that is not typical of Classic period style ------ rhythm moves in a regular, constant pattern throughout the movement 
Who write symphonies, divertimentos, and operas for his parton's evening entertainment, as well as string trios that his patron could perform. He was responsible for an orchestra that was never larger than 25 musicians that were always uniformed. ------ Haydn
Who composed 104 symphonies and was the first to use theme and variations form in that genre. Known as the father of the string quartet  ------ Haydn 
Who displayed extraordinary musical talent by the age of 6. He could identify the notes played in any chord and could identiy a wrong note in a musical score while crawling on his back across a table. ------ Mozart
Who was considered the father of the modern piano concert, composing 23 original works, most of which were written to impress Viennese audience with his keyboard viruosity. ------ Mozart
The section in sonata-allegro form that presents the main thematic matieral of the movement is the  ------ exposition
When does most of the drama occur during a movement in sonata-allegro form? ------ development 
Identify the statement that does not apply to the sinfonia ------ the fisrt section is in a slow tempo with dotted rhythms, while the second is in a fast, imitative style 
Who is considered the "father of the string quartet"? ------ Haydn
The number and form of the movements in a Classical string quartet are identical to those of the Classical: ------ symphony 
Mozart and Haydn created a lasting frienship due to their chance to perform together in: ------ string quartets 
Which instrument is most closely associated with the genre of the sonata? ------ piano
Which genre was typically in three movements and played by amateur musicians to entertain their family, friends, and potential suitors in the intimacy of their own homes? ------ sonata
Which genre uses double exposition form? ------ concerto
Beethoven was a bridge to the Romantic era ------ True
Beethoven studied with Mozart ------ False
Beethoven's performing instrument was the  ------ piano
The idea of "art for art's sake" was born of the Romantic spirit ------ true
Which term describes when a performer momentarily alters the tempo to enhance the expressive quality of the music  ------ rubato
What was the average size of the orchestra during the Romantic period? ------ close to 100
Identify the group of composers who are not considered representative of the nineteenth century  ------ Telemann, Monteverdi, Corelli, Lully
Which art form was particularly important to composers? ------ literature 
What is the genre of art song, for voice and piano accompaniment, that originated in Germany around 1800? ------ Lied(er)
Who was considered the greatest composer of Lieder? ------ Schubert
The musical form of Schubert's Erlking is ------ through-composed
When a song features every-changing melodic and harmonic material, it is: ------ through-composed
Which composer moved to Leipzig, damaged his right hand, and then focused on msucial composition and criticism. Supported the workd of radical compoers such as Berlioz, Chopin, Mendelssohn, and Brahms ------ Robert Schumann
Which genre of composition consists of three, four, or five movents that together tell or depict a succession of specific events drawn from some extra-musical work or story? ------ program symphony 
Which genre typically precedes an opera or play and consists of a single movement that encapsulated the essency of the drama? ------ dramatic overture 
Identify the genre of program music that consists of a single movement in free form  ------ symphonic poem
Performances of this author's plays made a deep impression on Berlioz ------ Shakespeare
Who was appointed music firect for Gewandhaus Orchestra in Leipzig ------ Mendelssohn 
What form does a concert overture use? ------ sonata 
This composer is known as the "poet of the piano" and considered a national hero in Poland ------ Chopin
Which genre is a traditional Polish dance in triple meter with an accent on the second beat? ------ mazurka
Which genre of piano music suggests moonlit nights, romantic longing, and a certain painful melancholy? ------ nocturne 
Who is considered the greatest pianist of all time and wrote some of the most difficult works ever composed for that intrument ------ Liszt 
This genre is a short, one-movement composition designed to improve one or more aspects of a performer's technique ------ etude 
The Italian term for "beautiful singing"  ------ bel canto
Who was the most popular opera composer of his lifetime in Europe and today his operas are performed more than any other composer's  ------ Verdi
Identify the correct answer for "recitativo accompangnato" ------ all of the above
A fast concluding aria in which the increased speed of the music allows one or more soloists to race off stage at the end of a scene or act ------ cabaletta 
Who created an operatic tradition that was distinct to Germany, and he exerted enormous influence on the musical style of other composers during the end of the nineteenth century? ------ Wagner
Which term did Wagner use to describe compositions for the stage? ------ music drama 
What is the term meaning "total art work" that describes the unification of all the arts for a single dramatic purppose? ------ Gesamtkunstwerk
This operatic term describes a melodic motive associated with a person, object, or idea ------ leitmotif
What is the typical subject matter of realistic opera ------ everyday life 
What popular dance is derived from the "Habanero"? ------ tango
Musical nationalism was expressed through ------ all of the above 
Who was a memeber of "The Mighty Handful" or "Russian Five" and was the most original and lest Western in musical style of this group ------ Musorgsky
Which music came to dominate European culture during the last decades of the nineteenth century? ------ German orchestral 
Who first came to the public's attention in 1853 when Schumann praised him as hair to the tradition of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. Became Clara Schumann's confidant but their relationship did not end in marriage ------ Brahms
What is the term for instrumental music that is free of a text or any preexisting program? ------ absolute 
Who is the most prolific composer of late-nineteenth century program music, wrote in every genre of nineteenth century music, but excelled in music requiring a large orchestra ------ Tchaikovsky