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Side A ------ Side B
three principle categories of blood vessels ------ arteries, veins & capillaries
arteries ------ efferent vessels- carry blood away from heart
veins ------ afferent vessels- carry blood back to heart
capillaries ------ microscopic, thin walled vessels that connect the smallest arteries to teh smallest veins
walls of arteries are composed of 3 layers of ------ tunics
tunica interna ------ lines inside of the vessel- exposed to blood- consists of simple squamos epith called endothelium
tunica media ------ mid layer- thickest-smooth muscle, collagen,elastic tiss- strengthen the vess and prevent bp from rupturing them & to provide vasomotion
vasomotion ------ changes in diameter of a blood vessel
tunica externa ------ outer most layer- loose connect tiss often merges w. neigh vess anchors the vess and provides pass4small nerves, lymph vess& smaller blood vess
vasa vasorum ------ small vessels that supply blood to at least the outer half of the wall of a larger vessel
resistance vessles ------ a.k.a arteries. bc relatively strong resilient tiss struct that resists high bp- constructed to w/stand surges
conducting ( elastic or large) arteries ------ BIGGEST-expand during ventricular systole to receive blood& recoil during diastole.sub to highest bp& have elastic tiss
Distributing (muscular or medium) arteries ------ smaller branches that distrib blood to specif organs- interestate highway- 40 layers of smooth musc
resistance ( small) arteries ------ too variable in # and location to be given individual names- 25 layers of smooth musc & relatively little elastic tiss
arterioles ------ smallest of the resistance arteries 40-200Mm w/ only one to 3 layers of smooth muscle
metarterioles ------ short vessels that link arterioles and capillaries. have individual muscle cells spaced a short distance apart each forming a precap sphinct
precapillary sphincter ------ encircles entrace to 1 capillary. constrict. shuts off blood flow through their respect cap&diverts blood to tiss or organs elsew
cartoid sinuses ------ baroreceptors(press sensors) respond to changes in bp- wall of intern carotid artery- monitor bp
carotid bodies ------ oval recept-3x5mm-sensory fivers of vagus&gloss nerves-monitor blood CO2 O2 and PH
aortic bodies ------ one to three chemorecptors located in oartic arch near arteries in head & arms- monitor blood comp
blood capillaries ------ composed of only an endothelium & bment memb-walls .2-.4 mm
where are capillaries scarce? ------ tendons & ligaments & absent from epithelia, cornea, and lens, and most cartilage
3 types of capillaries ------ continuous, fenestrated, sinusoids
continuous capillaries ------ occur in most tissues- enothelial cells-tight juncts-uninterrupted tube- exhibit pericytes
fenestrated capillaries ------ filtration pores-allow for rapid passage of molecs butretain blood cells & platelets in bstream-kidnesys,endoglands,small I, choroid plex
sinusoids ------ irregular, highly porous blood spaces in such tissues as liver, spleen& b. marrow-twisted-conform to shape of surround tiss-gaps
pericytes ------ lie external to endothelium- contractile proteins- diff into endothelial & smooth mesc cells & thus contrib to vess growth & repair
capillary beds ------ capillaries organized into these networks- 10 to 100 caps/metarteriole. they continue > thoroughfare channel
thoroughfare channel ------ leads directly to a venule
capacitance vessles ------ a.k.a veins- thin walled & flaccid-exp easily to accom an inc vol of blood- greater capactiy for blood contain. than arter. steady flow of blood
smaller veins are calledexih ------ tributaries
postcapillary venules ------ smallest veins-exch fluid with the tissues- very porous
muscular venules ------ receive blood from postcap venules- up to 1mm in diam- have  tunica media of 1 or 2 layers of smooth musc & a thin tunica ext
medium veins ------ up to 10mm-most veins w. individ names-exhibit infoldings of tunica interna to meet in midd of lumen forming venous valves
varicose veins ------ failure of venous valves- ppl who stand long time-obesity and preg can promote- press on large veins & obstruct drainage to legs.
varicose veins of anal canal ------ hemorrhoids
venous sinuses ------ veins w. esp thin walls, large lumens, and no smooth musc- ex. coronary sinus of heart- NOT capable of vasomotion
large veins ------ greater than 10mm- venae cavae, pulmon veins, internal jug, renal veins

Side A ------ Side B
three principle categories of blood vessels ------ arteries, veins & capillaries
arteries ------ efferent vessels- carry blood away from heart
veins ------ afferent vessels- carry blood back to heart
capillaries ------ microscopic, thin walled vessels that connect the smallest arteries to teh smallest veins
walls of arteries are composed of 3 layers of ------ tunics
tunica interna ------ lines inside of the vessel- exposed to blood- consists of simple squamos epith called endothelium
tunica media ------ mid layer- thickest-smooth muscle, collagen,elastic tiss- strengthen the vess and prevent bp from rupturing them & to provide vasomotion
vasomotion ------ changes in diameter of a blood vessel
tunica externa ------ outer most layer- loose connect tiss often merges w. neigh vess anchors the vess and provides pass4small nerves, lymph vess& smaller blood vess
vasa vasorum ------ small vessels that supply blood to at least the outer half of the wall of a larger vessel
resistance vessles ------ a.k.a arteries. bc relatively strong resilient tiss struct that resists high bp- constructed to w/stand surges
conducting ( elastic or large) arteries ------ BIGGEST-expand during ventricular systole to receive blood& recoil during diastole.sub to highest bp& have elastic tiss
Distributing (muscular or medium) arteries ------ smaller branches that distrib blood to specif organs- interestate highway- 40 layers of smooth musc
resistance ( small) arteries ------ too variable in # and location to be given individual names- 25 layers of smooth musc & relatively little elastic tiss
arterioles ------ smallest of the resistance arteries 40-200Mm w/ only one to 3 layers of smooth muscle
metarterioles ------ short vessels that link arterioles and capillaries. have individual muscle cells spaced a short distance apart each forming a precap sphinct
precapillary sphincter ------ encircles entrace to 1 capillary. constrict. shuts off blood flow through their respect cap&diverts blood to tiss or organs elsew
cartoid sinuses ------ baroreceptors(press sensors) respond to changes in bp- wall of intern carotid artery- monitor bp
carotid bodies ------ oval recept-3x5mm-sensory fivers of vagus&gloss nerves-monitor blood CO2 O2 and PH
aortic bodies ------ one to three chemorecptors located in oartic arch near arteries in head & arms- monitor blood comp
blood capillaries ------ composed of only an endothelium & bment memb-walls .2-.4 mm
where are capillaries scarce? ------ tendons & ligaments & absent from epithelia, cornea, and lens, and most cartilage
3 types of capillaries ------ continuous, fenestrated, sinusoids
continuous capillaries ------ occur in most tissues- enothelial cells-tight juncts-uninterrupted tube- exhibit pericytes
fenestrated capillaries ------ filtration pores-allow for rapid passage of molecs butretain blood cells & platelets in bstream-kidnesys,endoglands,small I, choroid plex
sinusoids ------ irregular, highly porous blood spaces in such tissues as liver, spleen& b. marrow-twisted-conform to shape of surround tiss-gaps
pericytes ------ lie external to endothelium- contractile proteins- diff into endothelial & smooth mesc cells & thus contrib to vess growth & repair
capillary beds ------ capillaries organized into these networks- 10 to 100 caps/metarteriole. they continue > thoroughfare channel
thoroughfare channel ------ leads directly to a venule
capacitance vessles ------ a.k.a veins- thin walled & flaccid-exp easily to accom an inc vol of blood- greater capactiy for blood contain. than arter. steady flow of blood
smaller veins are calledexih ------ tributaries
postcapillary venules ------ smallest veins-exch fluid with the tissues- very porous
muscular venules ------ receive blood from postcap venules- up to 1mm in diam- have  tunica media of 1 or 2 layers of smooth musc & a thin tunica ext
medium veins ------ up to 10mm-most veins w. individ names-exhibit infoldings of tunica interna to meet in midd of lumen forming venous valves
varicose veins ------ failure of venous valves- ppl who stand long time-obesity and preg can promote- press on large veins & obstruct drainage to legs.
varicose veins of anal canal ------ hemorrhoids
venous sinuses ------ veins w. esp thin walls, large lumens, and no smooth musc- ex. coronary sinus of heart- NOT capable of vasomotion
large veins ------ greater than 10mm- venae cavae, pulmon veins, internal jug, renal veins