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Side A ------ Side B
What affects the amount and distribution of body fluids? ------ Age, gender, and amount of fat
How much water does a fat cell contain? ------ Almost NO water.
Water in all spaces is exchanged ____ while maintaing constant fluid volume. ------ continually
What triggers the sensation of thirst? ------ A rising blood osmolarity or a decreasing blood volume.
What are sensations are felt by a human that trigger thirst? ------ Dry mouth, or thought of not having a drink for a while
Of all the water loss pathways, which is the most important and most sensitive? ------ The kidneys
The kidneys ____ and ____ water loss. ------ Regulate, Adjust
What is the minimum amount of urine per day needed to excrete toxic waste products? ------ 400-600 mL
What is the minimum volume of urine called? ------ obligatory urine output
If 24-hr urine output falls below the obligatory output amount wastes are retained and could cause? ------ lethal electrolyte imbalances, acidosis, and a toxic buildup of nitrogen.
insensible water loss ------ water loss from the skin, lungs, and stool
What is the amount of sweating controlled by? ------ Anotomic Nervous System, body temp, and blood flow in the skin
What does the endocrine system help control? ------ fluid and electrolyte imbalances
Three hormones that help control critical fluid and electrolyte imbalances are ------ aldosterone, Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and natriuretic peptide (NP)
The hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex whenever sodium level in the extracellular fluid (ECF) is decreased. ------ Aldosterone
prevents both water and sodium loss ------ aldosterone
prevents excessive kidney excretion of sodium and prevents blood potassium levels from becoming too high. ------ aldosterone
vasopressin, produced in the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland ------ ADH antidiuretic hormone
Releases from the posterior pituitary gland, controlled by the hypothalamus in response to change in the blood osmolarity. ------ ADH
Secreted in repsonse to increased blood volume and BP because it is stretching the heart tissue. ------ natriuretic peptide (NP)
creates effects that are opoposite of aldosterone ------ NP

Side A ------ Side B
What affects the amount and distribution of body fluids? ------ Age, gender, and amount of fat
How much water does a fat cell contain? ------ Almost NO water.
Water in all spaces is exchanged ____ while maintaing constant fluid volume. ------ continually
What triggers the sensation of thirst? ------ A rising blood osmolarity or a decreasing blood volume.
What are sensations are felt by a human that trigger thirst? ------ Dry mouth, or thought of not having a drink for a while
Of all the water loss pathways, which is the most important and most sensitive? ------ The kidneys
The kidneys ____ and ____ water loss. ------ Regulate, Adjust
What is the minimum amount of urine per day needed to excrete toxic waste products? ------ 400-600 mL
What is the minimum volume of urine called? ------ obligatory urine output
If 24-hr urine output falls below the obligatory output amount wastes are retained and could cause? ------ lethal electrolyte imbalances, acidosis, and a toxic buildup of nitrogen.
insensible water loss ------ water loss from the skin, lungs, and stool
What is the amount of sweating controlled by? ------ Anotomic Nervous System, body temp, and blood flow in the skin
What does the endocrine system help control? ------ fluid and electrolyte imbalances
Three hormones that help control critical fluid and electrolyte imbalances are ------ aldosterone, Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and natriuretic peptide (NP)
The hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex whenever sodium level in the extracellular fluid (ECF) is decreased. ------ Aldosterone
prevents both water and sodium loss ------ aldosterone
prevents excessive kidney excretion of sodium and prevents blood potassium levels from becoming too high. ------ aldosterone
vasopressin, produced in the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland ------ ADH antidiuretic hormone
Releases from the posterior pituitary gland, controlled by the hypothalamus in response to change in the blood osmolarity. ------ ADH
Secreted in repsonse to increased blood volume and BP because it is stretching the heart tissue. ------ natriuretic peptide (NP)
creates effects that are opoposite of aldosterone ------ NP