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Conversational Messages- Chapter 8
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Side A ------ Side B 5 stages of the conversation model ------ opening, feedforward, business, feedback, and closing opening ------ -greeting- phatic communication= establishes connection or opens up channel - nonverbal: handshake, kiss, smile Feedforward ------ - gives person general idea of conversation's focus- identifies tone of conversation or time required- four major functions: to open the channels of communication, to preview the message, to disclaim, and to altercast Business ------ - the substance or focus of the conversation- learn, relate, influence, play or help Feedback ------ -reflect back on the conversation to signal that as far as you are concerned, the business is completed-positive - negative- person focused- message focused- immediate- delayed- low monitoring- high monitoring- supportive- critical Closing ------ - the goodbye - reveals how satisfied the persons were with the conversation Ways to initiate conversation ------ self-references (" My name is Joe. I'm from VA);other references ("I like that sweater");relational references ("May I join you");context references (This Deli is fantastic") Different types of openers ------ Cute- flippant "Bet I can out drink you";Innocuous "What do you think of the band";Direct "Would you like to get a drink after dinner" 4 conversational maxims ------ - principles that speakers and listeners in the U.S and in many other cultures follow in conversation- The maxim of quantity, the maxim of quality, the maxim of relation, the maxim of manner Quantity Maxim ------ A principle of conversation that holds that speakers cooperate by being only as informative as necessary to communicate their intended meanings- violated when important info is omitted or unimportant info is added "Get to the point" "What happened" Quality Maxim ------ A principle of conversation that holds that speakers cooperate by saying what they think is true and by not saying what they think is false Relation Maxim ------ A principle of cooperation in conversation that holds that speakers communicate by talking about what is relevant and by not talking about what isn't. Manner Maxim ------ A principle of conversation that holds that speakers cooperate by being clear and by organizing their thoughts onto some meaningful and coherent pattern Self-disclosure ------ the process of revealing something about yourself to another- usually, revealing info that you'd normally keep hidden Rewards of Self-Disclosure ------ - may help increase self- knowledge, communication and relationship effectiveness, and psychological well-being. Risks of Self- Disclosure ------ personal - you may experience rejection from friends and family members relational- decrease in mutual attractionprofessional- problems on the job HIV positive, racist
Side A ------ Side B 5 stages of the conversation model ------ opening, feedforward, business, feedback, and closing opening ------ -greeting- phatic communication= establishes connection or opens up channel - nonverbal: handshake, kiss, smile Feedforward ------ - gives person general idea of conversation's focus- identifies tone of conversation or time required- four major functions: to open the channels of communication, to preview the message, to disclaim, and to altercast Business ------ - the substance or focus of the conversation- learn, relate, influence, play or help Feedback ------ -reflect back on the conversation to signal that as far as you are concerned, the business is completed-positive - negative- person focused- message focused- immediate- delayed- low monitoring- high monitoring- supportive- critical Closing ------ - the goodbye - reveals how satisfied the persons were with the conversation Ways to initiate conversation ------ self-references (" My name is Joe. I'm from VA);other references ("I like that sweater");relational references ("May I join you");context references (This Deli is fantastic") Different types of openers ------ Cute- flippant "Bet I can out drink you";Innocuous "What do you think of the band";Direct "Would you like to get a drink after dinner" 4 conversational maxims ------ - principles that speakers and listeners in the U.S and in many other cultures follow in conversation- The maxim of quantity, the maxim of quality, the maxim of relation, the maxim of manner Quantity Maxim ------ A principle of conversation that holds that speakers cooperate by being only as informative as necessary to communicate their intended meanings- violated when important info is omitted or unimportant info is added "Get to the point" "What happened" Quality Maxim ------ A principle of conversation that holds that speakers cooperate by saying what they think is true and by not saying what they think is false Relation Maxim ------ A principle of cooperation in conversation that holds that speakers communicate by talking about what is relevant and by not talking about what isn't. Manner Maxim ------ A principle of conversation that holds that speakers cooperate by being clear and by organizing their thoughts onto some meaningful and coherent pattern Self-disclosure ------ the process of revealing something about yourself to another- usually, revealing info that you'd normally keep hidden Rewards of Self-Disclosure ------ - may help increase self- knowledge, communication and relationship effectiveness, and psychological well-being. Risks of Self- Disclosure ------ personal - you may experience rejection from friends and family members relational- decrease in mutual attractionprofessional- problems on the job HIV positive, racist
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