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Answer These CBC, WBC, RBC Lab Values Flashcards
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Side A ------ Side B Normal hemoglobin (HBG) values: ------ 13.5 - 16.5 male 12.0 - 15.0 female Normal hematocrit (HCT) values are: ------ 41 - 50 male 36 - 44 female Normal RBC count is: ------ 4.5 - 5.5 male 4.0 - 4.9 (x 106 /ml) female Normal platelet count is: ------ 100,000 to 450,000 Normal WBC count is: ------ 4,500 - 10,000 Normal segmented neurtophil count is: ------ 54 - 62% Normal band form count is: ------ 3 - 5% (above 8% indicates left shift) Normal basophil count is: ------ 0-1% Normal eosinophil count is: ------ 0-3% Normal lymphocyte count is: 24-44% ------ 24-44% Normal monocyte count is: ------ 3-6% Increased WBC count may be suggestive of: ------ Bacterial/viral infection, leukemia. Reduced RBC values (anemia) may be suggestive of: ------ Hemorrhage, bacterial infections, low B-12, kidney disease (erythropoietin, which signals the red bone marrow in the bones to create RBCs, is made in the kidneys). Decreased HBG may be suggestive of: ------ Anemia due to nutritional deficiencies, blood loss, destruction of blood cells internally, or failure to produce blood in the bone marrow. Decreased HCT may be suggestive of: ------ Anemia due to nutritional deficiencies, blood loss. Reduced platelet count may be suggestive of: ------ Thrombocytopenia, acute blood loss, drug effects (such as heparin), infections w/sepsis, entrapment of platelets in an enlarged spleen, bone marrow failure from diseases such as leukemia. RBC function is to: ------ Transport oxygen bound to HBG. Also transports small amounts of carbon dioxide Neutrophil function: ------ They are active phagocytes. They increase rapidly in number during short-term or acute infection. "First responders" to infection. Eosinophil function: ------ Increase during allergies, kill parasitic worms. Basophil function: ------ Responds to inflammation. Granules contain histamine (vasodilator), which is discharged at sites of inflammation. Granulocytes include: ------ The "Phils": neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils Agranulocytes include: ------ Lymphocytes and monocytes Lymphocyte function: ------ Important in the "immune response." B lymphocytes produce antibodies. T lymphocytes fight infections and tumors and also active B lymphocytes. Monocyte function: ------ Phagocytes that become macrophages in the tissues. They are the "clean-up team." They increase in number during chronic infections, such at TB. Monocyte increase may indicate: ------ Long-term infection Neutrophil increase may indicate: ------ New-onset (acute) infection. Platelet function: ------ Clot blood. Are not "cells", but fragments of megakaryocytes. Blood cell formation: ------ Hemocytoblasts (stem cells) become secondary stem cells (either lymphoid stem cells or myeloid stem cells). Lymphoid stem cells become lymphocytes. Myeloid stem cells become either: erythrocytes, platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, or basophils. RBC formation: ------ Includes the kidney (releases erythropoietin), which stimulates red bone marrow in the bones to produce RBCs. May be stimulated w/decreased RBC count, decreased O2 in blood, or increased O2 demand in the tissues. Normal and therapeutic PT / INR values: ------ Normal INR should be appx. 1.0. Therapeutic level (prevent DVT) is between 2-3. This test is done during warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. Normal PT should be between 10-12, but INR is generally used instead. The HIGHER the INR, the thinner the blood. Too high is increased risk of bleeding problems. Normal PTT values: ------ Normal is between 30-45 seconds. This test is generally done while on heparin therapy (Lovenox). Trick to remembering which test goes with which drug: PT / PTT ------ Count the letters in the word WARFARIN (8-letters), then add the letters from the corresponding test (PT--2 letters). You end up with 10 letters. Count the letters in HEPARIN (7), then add the correct test (PTT--3 letters). When the correct test is matched up to the correct drug, you should end up with (letters). Simple, but works. This works with Coumadin/PT and Lovenox/PTT also. PT / INR test is used during: PTT test is used during: ------ PT/INR: Warfarin (Coumadin) therapy PTT: Heparin (Lovenox) therapy
Side A ------ Side B Normal hemoglobin (HBG) values: ------ 13.5 - 16.5 male 12.0 - 15.0 female Normal hematocrit (HCT) values are: ------ 41 - 50 male 36 - 44 female Normal RBC count is: ------ 4.5 - 5.5 male 4.0 - 4.9 (x 106 /ml) female Normal platelet count is: ------ 100,000 to 450,000 Normal WBC count is: ------ 4,500 - 10,000 Normal segmented neurtophil count is: ------ 54 - 62% Normal band form count is: ------ 3 - 5% (above 8% indicates left shift) Normal basophil count is: ------ 0-1% Normal eosinophil count is: ------ 0-3% Normal lymphocyte count is: 24-44% ------ 24-44% Normal monocyte count is: ------ 3-6% Increased WBC count may be suggestive of: ------ Bacterial/viral infection, leukemia. Reduced RBC values (anemia) may be suggestive of: ------ Hemorrhage, bacterial infections, low B-12, kidney disease (erythropoietin, which signals the red bone marrow in the bones to create RBCs, is made in the kidneys). Decreased HBG may be suggestive of: ------ Anemia due to nutritional deficiencies, blood loss, destruction of blood cells internally, or failure to produce blood in the bone marrow. Decreased HCT may be suggestive of: ------ Anemia due to nutritional deficiencies, blood loss. Reduced platelet count may be suggestive of: ------ Thrombocytopenia, acute blood loss, drug effects (such as heparin), infections w/sepsis, entrapment of platelets in an enlarged spleen, bone marrow failure from diseases such as leukemia. RBC function is to: ------ Transport oxygen bound to HBG. Also transports small amounts of carbon dioxide Neutrophil function: ------ They are active phagocytes. They increase rapidly in number during short-term or acute infection. "First responders" to infection. Eosinophil function: ------ Increase during allergies, kill parasitic worms. Basophil function: ------ Responds to inflammation. Granules contain histamine (vasodilator), which is discharged at sites of inflammation. Granulocytes include: ------ The "Phils": neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils Agranulocytes include: ------ Lymphocytes and monocytes Lymphocyte function: ------ Important in the "immune response." B lymphocytes produce antibodies. T lymphocytes fight infections and tumors and also active B lymphocytes. Monocyte function: ------ Phagocytes that become macrophages in the tissues. They are the "clean-up team." They increase in number during chronic infections, such at TB. Monocyte increase may indicate: ------ Long-term infection Neutrophil increase may indicate: ------ New-onset (acute) infection. Platelet function: ------ Clot blood. Are not "cells", but fragments of megakaryocytes. Blood cell formation: ------ Hemocytoblasts (stem cells) become secondary stem cells (either lymphoid stem cells or myeloid stem cells). Lymphoid stem cells become lymphocytes. Myeloid stem cells become either: erythrocytes, platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, or basophils. RBC formation: ------ Includes the kidney (releases erythropoietin), which stimulates red bone marrow in the bones to produce RBCs. May be stimulated w/decreased RBC count, decreased O2 in blood, or increased O2 demand in the tissues. Normal and therapeutic PT / INR values: ------ Normal INR should be appx. 1.0. Therapeutic level (prevent DVT) is between 2-3. This test is done during warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. Normal PT should be between 10-12, but INR is generally used instead. The HIGHER the INR, the thinner the blood. Too high is increased risk of bleeding problems. Normal PTT values: ------ Normal is between 30-45 seconds. This test is generally done while on heparin therapy (Lovenox). Trick to remembering which test goes with which drug: PT / PTT ------ Count the letters in the word WARFARIN (8-letters), then add the letters from the corresponding test (PT--2 letters). You end up with 10 letters. Count the letters in HEPARIN (7), then add the correct test (PTT--3 letters). When the correct test is matched up to the correct drug, you should end up with (letters). Simple, but works. This works with Coumadin/PT and Lovenox/PTT also. PT / INR test is used during: PTT test is used during: ------ PT/INR: Warfarin (Coumadin) therapy PTT: Heparin (Lovenox) therapy
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