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Side A ------ Side B
What does dna stand for? ------ Deoxyribonucleic acid
WHat did sutton discovery in 1903? ------ Chromosome carry inheritance
WHat did morgan discover in 1911? ------  Genes are sections of chromosomes
What did griffith discover in 1928? &while working with what? ------ Genetic transformation.
Mouse results- injescted with live "S" ------ mouse died
Mouse resuts- injected with live "r" ------ mouse lived
Injected with dead "s" ------ mouse lived
injected with live "r" and dead "s" ------ mouse died.*found live "s" in blood             (Live "r" transformed  into lives "s")
WHat did avery discover in 1944? ------ showed that substance griffith discovered was DNA
Chargaff, 1950? ------  analyzed base composition of DNA in cellsdiscovered amounts of adenine and thymine are almost always equalsame with guanine and cytosine
Hershey and CHase 1952 ------  confirmed that generitc material is DNA not protein
Franklin 1952 ------  xrayed DNA's double helix
Watson &Crick 1953 ------ published double helix model of DNA
Venter &Collins 2000 ------ ANNOUNCE(IN 200) published DNA sequence at human genome in DC (2003)
What does a nucleotide consist of? ------ one of four possible bases (ATGC)Sugar phosphate backbone
Which bases are purines? (double rings) ------ Adenine and guanine
Which bases are pyramadines (single ring) ------ Thymine and Cytosine
WHat are the steps of DNA SYnthasis? ------ 1) Helicase2)Primase3)polymerase(I)4)Polymerase (II)5)Ligase
Helicase ------ unwinds &opens up double helixreplication fork is formed
Primase ------ sets RNA as placeholder
Polymerase(I) ------ adds DNA Nucleotides to open sections
Polymerase (II) ------ replaces RNA primers with dna
Ligase  ------ fills in hoes with suar phosphate back bone
Types of RNA ------ mRNArRNAtRNA
mRNA ------ messengercopies DNA sequence &carries it to ribosomes
rRNA ------ "ribosomal" found on ribosome
tRNA ------ "transfer" carries amino acids to ribosome for assembly into proteins.
types of mutations ------ Point mutationsSubstitutionInsertion and deletionchromosomal
Point Mutations ------ involves on or a few nucleotidesoccurs at single point in DNA sequence
Substitution ------ one base is changed to a different baseoften only affects one amino acid sometimes no effect
inserition and deletion ------ AKA frame shift mutationsone or more nucleotides inserted or removed from dnathey shift the "reading frame" of the message and affect every amino acid that follows.
CHromosomal Mutations ------ Involves changes in large sections of chromosomes effecting one or more gene (s)

Side A ------ Side B
What does dna stand for? ------ Deoxyribonucleic acid
WHat did sutton discovery in 1903? ------ Chromosome carry inheritance
WHat did morgan discover in 1911? ------  Genes are sections of chromosomes
What did griffith discover in 1928? &while working with what? ------ Genetic transformation.
Mouse results- injescted with live "S" ------ mouse died
Mouse resuts- injected with live "r" ------ mouse lived
Injected with dead "s" ------ mouse lived
injected with live "r" and dead "s" ------ mouse died.*found live "s" in blood             (Live "r" transformed  into lives "s")
WHat did avery discover in 1944? ------ showed that substance griffith discovered was DNA
Chargaff, 1950? ------  analyzed base composition of DNA in cellsdiscovered amounts of adenine and thymine are almost always equalsame with guanine and cytosine
Hershey and CHase 1952 ------  confirmed that generitc material is DNA not protein
Franklin 1952 ------  xrayed DNA's double helix
Watson &Crick 1953 ------ published double helix model of DNA
Venter &Collins 2000 ------ ANNOUNCE(IN 200) published DNA sequence at human genome in DC (2003)
What does a nucleotide consist of? ------ one of four possible bases (ATGC)Sugar phosphate backbone
Which bases are purines? (double rings) ------ Adenine and guanine
Which bases are pyramadines (single ring) ------ Thymine and Cytosine
WHat are the steps of DNA SYnthasis? ------ 1) Helicase2)Primase3)polymerase(I)4)Polymerase (II)5)Ligase
Helicase ------ unwinds &opens up double helixreplication fork is formed
Primase ------ sets RNA as placeholder
Polymerase(I) ------ adds DNA Nucleotides to open sections
Polymerase (II) ------ replaces RNA primers with dna
Ligase  ------ fills in hoes with suar phosphate back bone
Types of RNA ------ mRNArRNAtRNA
mRNA ------ messengercopies DNA sequence &carries it to ribosomes
rRNA ------ "ribosomal" found on ribosome
tRNA ------ "transfer" carries amino acids to ribosome for assembly into proteins.
types of mutations ------ Point mutationsSubstitutionInsertion and deletionchromosomal
Point Mutations ------ involves on or a few nucleotidesoccurs at single point in DNA sequence
Substitution ------ one base is changed to a different baseoften only affects one amino acid sometimes no effect
inserition and deletion ------ AKA frame shift mutationsone or more nucleotides inserted or removed from dnathey shift the "reading frame" of the message and affect every amino acid that follows.
CHromosomal Mutations ------ Involves changes in large sections of chromosomes effecting one or more gene (s)