Download (AP Psych Ch. 8) Flashcard

Choose a format below:

TEXT Format (.txt) MS-Excel Format (.xls)

Select delimiter » Comma Semicolon Tab New Line Custom

Preview »

Side A ------ Side B
Fixed-interval schedule ------ in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed. exams.(you know two weeks prior when the test is, but you wont study until one week before.)
Variable-interval schedule ------ in operant conditioning, responses are reinforced after an unpredictable amount of time. pop quizes. (you are always studying b/c you don't know when you'll get the test.
fixed-ratio schedule ------ in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses. sweaters. (you know that after you make 30 sweaters, you'll get paid.)
variable-ratio schedule ------ in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses. like gambling. (you know you'll get money out, you just don't know when.)
What type of learning is skinner associated with? ------ operant conditioning.
what is true about reinforcement? ------ Learning is most rapid with continuous reinforcement, but intermitted reinforcement preduces the greatest resistance to extiction. 
Cognitive process are important in both? ------ classical and operant conditioning.
the highest and most consistent rate of response is preduced by what type of schedule? ------ variable-ratio schedule
one difference between classical and operant conditioning is? ------ in classical conditioning, the responses are automatically triggered by stimuli. 
in garcia and koelling's studies of taste-aversion learning, rats learned to associate what? ------ taste with sickness.
What researcher was best known for observational learning? ------ Bandura
classical conditioning experiments by rescorla and wagner demonstrate that an important factor in conditioning is what? ------ the predictability of stimuli
for most rapid conditioning, a CS should be presented when? ------ about 1 second after the US.
Where are mirror neurons found, and they are believed to be the neural basis for what? ------ found in the frontal lobe, and are the nueral basis for observational learning. 
positive reinforcement ------ presentation of a desired stimulus
generalization ------ tendency for a similar stimulus to evoke a CR
negative reinforcement ------ removal of an aversive stimulus
primary reinforcer ------ an innately reinforcing stimulus
conditioned reinforcer ------ an acquired reinforcer
intrinsic motivation ------ the motivation to perform a behavior for its own sake
shaping ------ reinforcing closer and closer approximations of a behavior
spontaneous recovery ------ the reappearance of a weakened CR
punishment ------ presentation of an aversive stimulus
latent learning ------ learning that becomes apparent only after reinforcement is provided
continuous reinforcement ------ each and every response is reinforced
extrinsic motivation ------ a desire to perform a behavior due to promised rewards.
Conditioning seldom occurs when a(n) ________ comes after a(n) _____.  ------ CS; US

Side A ------ Side B
Fixed-interval schedule ------ in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed. exams.(you know two weeks prior when the test is, but you wont study until one week before.)
Variable-interval schedule ------ in operant conditioning, responses are reinforced after an unpredictable amount of time. pop quizes. (you are always studying b/c you don't know when you'll get the test.
fixed-ratio schedule ------ in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses. sweaters. (you know that after you make 30 sweaters, you'll get paid.)
variable-ratio schedule ------ in operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses. like gambling. (you know you'll get money out, you just don't know when.)
What type of learning is skinner associated with? ------ operant conditioning.
what is true about reinforcement? ------ Learning is most rapid with continuous reinforcement, but intermitted reinforcement preduces the greatest resistance to extiction. 
Cognitive process are important in both? ------ classical and operant conditioning.
the highest and most consistent rate of response is preduced by what type of schedule? ------ variable-ratio schedule
one difference between classical and operant conditioning is? ------ in classical conditioning, the responses are automatically triggered by stimuli. 
in garcia and koelling's studies of taste-aversion learning, rats learned to associate what? ------ taste with sickness.
What researcher was best known for observational learning? ------ Bandura
classical conditioning experiments by rescorla and wagner demonstrate that an important factor in conditioning is what? ------ the predictability of stimuli
for most rapid conditioning, a CS should be presented when? ------ about 1 second after the US.
Where are mirror neurons found, and they are believed to be the neural basis for what? ------ found in the frontal lobe, and are the nueral basis for observational learning. 
positive reinforcement ------ presentation of a desired stimulus
generalization ------ tendency for a similar stimulus to evoke a CR
negative reinforcement ------ removal of an aversive stimulus
primary reinforcer ------ an innately reinforcing stimulus
conditioned reinforcer ------ an acquired reinforcer
intrinsic motivation ------ the motivation to perform a behavior for its own sake
shaping ------ reinforcing closer and closer approximations of a behavior
spontaneous recovery ------ the reappearance of a weakened CR
punishment ------ presentation of an aversive stimulus
latent learning ------ learning that becomes apparent only after reinforcement is provided
continuous reinforcement ------ each and every response is reinforced
extrinsic motivation ------ a desire to perform a behavior due to promised rewards.
Conditioning seldom occurs when a(n) ________ comes after a(n) _____.  ------ CS; US