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2nd Exam For Health Assessment
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Side A ------ Side B Ear pain is defined as ------ Otalgia What causes otalgia ------ Inflammation of the middle ear This refers to any inflammation of the middle ear ------ Acute otitis media Ottitis media with effusion is what ------ A collection of fluid in the midle ear Name some other names for ottitis media ------ Serous ottitis media Secretory ottitis Non suppurative ottitis If physical findings are normal with the middle ear disorders than what is the cause of the pain ------ Referred pain is likely 50% of referred pain is caused by ------ Dental problems Name some other causes of deferred pain ------ TMJ disorder, parotitis, pharyngitis, cervical, mouth or facial disorders What is the most serious although least common cause of referred pain and most common in asians ------ Nasopharyngeal ca Acute ottitis media declines after age ------ 6 What is presenting symptoms of acute ottitis media ------ 60% of children get a fever What risks increase chronic ottitis media ------ Having a parent/sibling with chronic ottitis media Bottle propping and second hand smoke What does propping bottle feeding do in acute ottitis media ------ swallowing while lying down allows nasopharyngeal fluid to enter the middle ear with infection later What is malignant ottitis media ------ cellulitis involving the ear those with diabetes predisposes patients to this Those with this desease are at high risk for ottitis media and mastoiditis ------ Diabetics Chronic inflammation of ______ or ____________ from overproduction of sebum which occurs in the otter external canal and causes ottitis ___________ ------ dermatitis, psoriasis, externa What causes externa ottitis ------ psoriasis and dermatitits How does a cleft palat cause ottitis media ------ Functional obstruction of the eustachian tubes How is pain describe in ottitis externa ------ Tenderness around outer ear that worsens with manipulation of the pinna Severe pain or tenderness of the mastoid process is ------ Mastoiditis if pain is bilateral suspect otitis externa Is refered pain or acute otitis media unilateral or bilateral ------ unilateral This ear condition is referre as a bubbling, popping or stuffy sensation in ear and is painless? ------ Serous otitis This involves tenerness of the outer ear that may have itching ------ Otitis externa If the ear drum perforates acute otitis media is ------ relieved This type of pain is described as severe, lasting a few minutes and recurring 3 or 4 times a day and sometimes there is a headache ------ TMJ is worse at morning as it is associate with grinding of teeth Itching or drainage from the ear usually indicates an infection or inflammation of the ------ external canal Itching from the ear can also be a precursor to ------ Herpes zoster of CN5 trigeminal What is a cholesteatoma ------ Epiermal inclusion cyst of middle ear or mastoid Perforation of the TM has what type of discharge ------ Foul smelling discharge To cause direct injury to the inner ear one must fracture the ------ petrous temporal bone What does cerumen do ------ Protects the external ear canal What color is cerum ------ dark scally, or honey colored Too much cerumen causes ------ hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, pressure and infection Exposure to high pitched loud noises destroys the ------ cochlear hair cellsss The most common cause in conductive hearing loss ------ Is caused by blockage of the external canal by cerumen Chronic ear pain is associate with hearing loss and ear discharge secondary to a perforated non healing ------ TM Hearing loss associated with izziness, vertigo, tinnitus may indicate ------ Inner ear condition Abnormal middle ear ventilation and midle ear effusion are most common causes of what in children ------ Balance isturbance Hemmorrhage over the mastoid bone (battles sign occurs with what type of fracture ------ Basal skull Pain in opening of ear canal and inflammation may suggest what type of infection ------ Bacterial Fungal and yeast infections in the ear canal appear as ------ White/dark patches A hot wollen and erythematous ear and surrounding skin indicates ------ Cellulitis Redness and painful swelling over mastoid process is ------ Sign of infection in the mastoid air cells TMJ pain is worse in the morning or night ------ morning How to diagnose TMJ ------ clicking of joint tenderness This is found in children under 6 and is associate with upper respiratory tract infection ------ AOM Swelling of what node is seen in children with AOM ------ Pre auricle Does serous otitis have pain ------ no Serous ottitis is cause by ------ mechanical problem of the eustacian tube which causes inaequate ventilation of the midle ear Lavage should not be performed if there is perforation of the ------ TM In mastoiditis the pinna is ------ Displaced forward an swelling behind ear Pre auricle nodes may be enlarged with ------ AOM Ottitis media If post auricle nodes are swollen it means infection to ------ mastoid cavity Vesicles on the external ear canal an auricle may inicate ------ Herpes Zoster (Ramsay Hunt Syndrome) Cheesy, green blue or grey discharge is ------ ottitis externa A normal TM is what color ------ Pearly grey or translucent Redness of the TM occurs from ------ Coughing/crying This is more common in adults especially with diabetes, earpicker swimmers it is bilateral and there is itching and pain ------ External ottitis This causes hearing loss and a recent perforated tympanic membrane ------ Cholesteatoma More common in children uner six exposure to smoke, URI sever deep pain an it is unilateral, feeling of fullness ------ acute otitis meia Pearly white lesion on or behind the TM ------ cholesteomata TM is normal or not visible pain with movement of pinnar, there is discharge, inflammation and swollen external canal ------ external otitis Fluid line or air observed behind TM conductive hearing loss and decreased mobility of TM ------ serous otitis Red bulging TM, fever, reuction in light reflex, opaque TM and ecrease mobility of TM ------ acute otitis meia Fullness or bulging of the TM indicates ------ Increase air pressure or increased hydrostatic pressure within the middle ear Red inflammed eardrum without effusion is ------ Myingitis Bullous myingitis is described as ------ extremely painful condition with small blisters on the TM Bullous myringitis is caused by ------ Bacterial ottitis meia Chronic ottitis meia can lea to ------ cholesteatoma How is an intraortic manipulation ------ open mouth finger tips on both ears, pull patient forward, open an close mouth 90% of patients will have pain with this TMJ disorder Which nerve tests bitter/sour ------ CN9 Which nerve tests sweet and salty ------ CN7 What oes the insufflation test o ------ Mobility of TM The mastoid bone shows cloudinf of air cells means ------ ottitis meia What is barotrauma ------ Pressure changes cause by URI or nasal congestion Inflammation of CN10 is associated with ------ lesions of the larynx, esophagus, trachea and thyroid This is common in aults, especially iabetes, ear pickers, swimmers, bilateral itchin, pain, tenerness around outer ear, pain is worse when pina is pulled, pre auricle nodes are enlarged, a cheesy green blue grey discharge, TM is normal or not visible, and inflammation and swollen ------ External ottitis This is more common in children, smoke exposure , recent uri, severe, deep pain, unilateral, sensation of fullness, inflammation of middle ear, fever, bottle feeing, eardrum perforation causes relief, preauricle node swelling, red bulging TM, rduced mobility of TM, fever, reduced light reflex and an opaque TM ------ Acute ottitis meia This is most common in chilren but occurs with aults with URI, unilateral pain, sensation, crackling or reuce hearing, fluid line and air is observe behind TM, conductive hearing loss, reduced TM mobility, bubbling, popping, stuffy sensation, painless, causes is mechanical probe of the eastacian tube which causes inadequate ventilation of mile ear, fluid line or air behind TM, conductive hearing loss and reduced mobility of TM ------ Serous otitis What causes a sore throat ------ inflammation of mucosa of the orophaynx What causes pharyngitis ------ inflammation of mucous membanes with secondary involvement of lymph node drainage system Sore throat is classifie as ------ Pharyngeal ulcers and those without What does GABHS stand for ------ Group AB hemolytic streptococcus Signs an symptoms of acute epiglotitis ------ Drooling, unable to swallow, unable to lie own, restless, unable to sit still, unable to carry on a conversation, Inspiratory stridor What causes acute epiglottitis ------ H influenza type b What age does acute epiglottitis hit ------ 2 to 5 Symptoms of peritonsillar abscess and cellulitis ------ Severe throat, odynophagia, trismus (spasm of the masticatory muscles and difficulty opening the mouth), and meical emation of the soft palat and peritonsillar fold The epstein barr vius is spred thru ------ saliva Curlike white plaques that blee when scraped off is ------ canidas What should you not o when examining epiglottitis ------ Do not examine the pharynx Signs and symptoms of viral pharyngitis ------ scratchy, sore throat, malaise, myalgias, headache, chills, cough, rhinitis, erythema, edema of throat, tener posterior cervical noes Signs and symptoms of Group AB hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis ------ Common in 5 to 15 in the fall winter season sudden onset of fever, severe sore throat, an malaise no cough or upper respiratory tract infections Signs an Symptoms of mononucleosis Epstein Barr Virus ------ Young adults, slow onset of malaise, low grae fever mild sore throat, presence of pharyngeal excudate palatine petichiae Candias can occur in what types of patients ------ iabetics, antibiotics or inhaled sterois, immunocompromised persons What does candidas look like ------ White plaques that blee when scraped This is manifested by fever, heaache, sore throat and lymphadenitis, yellow vesicles on palate, pharynx and gingiva ------ Herpes Simples, active lesions painful What is apthous stomatis ------ Canker sores dicrete vesiceles, no preceing vesicles, ulcers are on the inner lip, tongue and buccal mucosa lesions last 1-2 weeks What causes Vincents Angina ------ Fusospirochetal infection results in necrotizing ulcerative gingivostomatis Symptoms of Vincents Angina ------ Painful ulcers, foul breath an bleeding gums, no fever, grey necrotic ulcers without vesicles, gram staining shows spirochetes What causes herpagina ------ coxsackievius, signs and symptoms headache, anorexia, neck abodomen an extremity pain may occur within 2 ays, greyis papulovesicular lesions on right on the soft palate and pharynx, progress to shallow ulcers, outbreaks summer months, common in chilren and immunosuppressed, antibody titre confirms diagnosis This is also known as quinsy ------ Peritonsillar/Retropharyngeal abscess which is a collection of pus between tonsil and capsule of the tonsillar pillar. Symptoms include history of respiratory symptoms, difficulty in swallowing, otalgia, malaise, fever In this the pharynx is erythematous, pale, boggy and swollen there is no tonsillar enlargement or pharyngeal excudate the presence of URI makes this more than likely streptococcal pharyngitis ------ Viral pharyngitis Most symptoms most likely to occure with streptococcal pharyngitis ------ Fever with temp, tonsillar exudate and history of recent exposure S&S of mononucleosis ------ Disease of young adults graual onset, low grade fever, mild sore throat posteriror cervical lymphadenopathy and malaise and fever What causes epiglottitis ------ H influenza type b The presence of eosiphils on a nasal smear stained with Wrights stain indicates ------ An allergic response inflammatory process Test results that show 50% lymphocytes and 10% atypical lymphocytes confirms the diagnosis of ------ mononucleosis This is found in half the cases of monocucleosis ------ Splenomegaly This type of pneumonia is found in adolescents with a sore throat ------ Mycoplasma pneumoniae What is this? Erythema, gneralized distribution, circmoral pallor and sparing of palms ------ Scarlett fever starting at hands S&S of acute thyroiditis ------ Sore throat in the presence of a normal throat examination but an elarged and tender thyroi gland Evidence of ottitis media with effusion may indicate ------ non typical h influenzae acute otitis media conjunctivitis ottitis syndrome Injected conjunctivae associated with a sore throat may indicate ------ pharyngoconjunctival fever Red swollen turbinates indicates an ------ infectious process Presence of mucoid discharge indicates ------ allergic rhinitis, purulent discharge suggests infectious sinusitis In streptococcal pharyngitis which lymph nodes are enlarged and tener ------ anterior cervical lymph, in viral infections the posterior cervical nodes are enlarged This is a cardinal sign of infectious mononucleosis ------ lymphadenopathy Drooling may indicate ------ peritonsillar abscess or epiglottitis diptheria appears as ------ a thick gray tonsillar excudate or pseudomembrane excudate and is not easily removed and bleeds easily Purulent draninage that is yellow or green is associated with ------ infectious sinusitis Name the high risk factors for Gabhs pharryngitis ------ Tonsillar excudate cervial lymphadeonopathy, rhematic heart disease Presumed strep ------ Scarlett fever, strep epidemic, antibiotics already started Name the medium risk associated with GABHS Pharyngitis ------ excudate nodes or fever, prior rhematic fever, diabetes, recent strep exposure S and S of epitlottitis ------ sore throat, difficulty with secretions, odynophagia (pain on swallowing foods), unable to talk, do not examine pharynx, h influenza type b is cause, occurs betweeen ages 2-5, inspiratory stridor S and S of peritonsillar retropharyngeal abscess ------ HX of recurrent tonsillitis, sore throat, difficulty swallowing, respiratory tract symptoms, fever, malaise, orthopnea, symmentrical swelling, abscess, trismus spasm of the masticatory muscles, and difficulty opening the mouth, drooling S and S of viral pharyngitis ------ scratcy sore throat, malaise, myalgias, headache, chills, cough, rinnitis, erythema an edema of throat, tender, posterior cervical nodes Group AB hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis symptoms ------ common to 5-15 year olds, known exposure, fall winter season, sudden onset of fever, severe sore throat and malaise, no cough, anterior cervical lymphaenopathy, temp more than 38.5 S and S of mononucleosis ------ young adults, slow onset of alaise, low fever, mild sore throat, pharyngeal excudate, palatine petechiae, posterior cervical Severe symptoms of a cold include: ------ aGEUSIA (LOSS OF TASTE), ANOSMIA LOSS OF SMELL wHAT DOES RHINITIS MEAN AND WHAT CAUSES IT ------ INFLAMMATION AND IS CAUSED BY BACTERIAL VIRAL INFECTIONS DESCRIBE INFECTIOUS RHINNITIS ------ MORE COMMON IN WINTER MONTHS OR RECENT URI, RED SWOLLEN MUCOSA AND PURULENT DRAINAGE S AND S OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS ------ FAMILY HISTORY OF ALLERGIES, SNEEZING, COMMON IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS, PALE, BOGGY MUCOSA, CLEAR AND WATERY MUCUS s AND S OF NON ALLERGIC RHINITIS ------ NO ALLERGEN IDENTIFIED SYMPTOMS SIILAR TO ALLERGIC RHINITIS THE CAUSE OF SINUSITIS IS ------ STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE AND H INFLUENZAE ACUTE SYMPTOMS OF ACUTE RHINITIS OR SINUS CONGESTIONS LAST FOR ------ 48-72 HOURS AND IS CAUSED BY RHINITIS OR SINUS OSTIA CHRONIC RHINITIS IS CAUSED BY ------ ANATOMICAL ABNORMALITIES THAT IMPAIR THE DRAINIAGE SYSTEM WHAT IS THIS SNEEZING, WHEEZING, ITCHY OR BURNING EYES ------ SUSPECT ALLERGIC RHINITIS, FAMILY HISTORY OF ASTHMA, OR ALLERGIES AND IS FREQUENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH ALLERGIC RHINITIS THIS IS AN ABRUPT ONSET OF INFECTION OF ONE OR MORE OF THE PARANASAL SINUSES AND OCCURS WHEN THE SINUS OSTIA BECOMES OBSTRUCTED USUALLY AFTER AN UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION ------ ACUTE SINUSITIS THIS TYPE OF SINUSITIS PAIN WORSENS WITH BENDING OR LEANING FORWARD AN ALSO PRODUCES A COUGH THAT WORSENS WHEN LYING DOWN ------ MAXILLARY SINUSITIS IN CHILDREN CHRONIC SINUSITIS IS DEFINED AS THE PRESENCE OF SYMPTOMS FOR LONGER THAN ------ 30 DAYS AND IS CAUSED BY PROLONGED OBSTRUCTION OF TH OSTEOMEATAL COMPLEX WHICH LEADS TO DYSFUNCTION OF CILARY MOTILITY AND MOVEMENT OF MUCUS WITHIN THE SINUSES S AND S OF CHRONIC SINUSITIS ------ COMPLAINTS OF A COLD THAT WONT GO AWAY, EYE PAIN, HALITOSIS, CHRONIC COUGH, FATIGUE, ANOREXIA, MALAISE AND LOW GRADE FEVER WHAT COLOR IS THE NASAL DISCHARGE IN ACUTE RHINNITIS CAUSED BY BACTERIAL OR VIRAL ------ YELLOW OR GREEN PURULENT NASAL DISCHARGE WHAT COLOR IS THE DISCHARGE IN ALLERGIC REACTIONS ------ WATERY OR CLEAR IS INFECTIOUS RHNITIS OR ALLERGIC RHINNITIS UNILATERAL OR BILATERAL ------ BILATERAL WHAT DRUGS CAN CAUSE NASAL CONGESTION ------ ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, PHENOTHIAZINE, ACE INHIBITORS AND BETA BLOCKERS NAME CONDITIONS WHICH INCREASE RISK OF DEVELOPING ACUTE OR CHRONIC SINUSITIS ------ DIABETES, LEUKEMIA, AIDS, CYSTIC FIBROSIS WHAT IS THE MOST SERIOUS COMPLICATION OF SEVERE BACTERIAL SINUSITIS ------ PERIORBITAL CELLULITIS WHAT IS CORYZA ------ ACUTE RHINITIS THIS TYPE OF RHNITIS IS SEEN WITH WHICH ONE PALE, BOGGY TURBINATES ARE SEEN WITH ------ ALLERGIC RHINITIS MAY ALSO PRODUCE A VIOLET COLORED MUCUS MEMBRANE WHAT DO NASAL POLYPS LOOK LIKE ------ SKINNED GRAPES WHICH HANG FROM THE LUMEN OF THE NOSE PUS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE OSTIUM OF THE MIDDLE TURBINATE INDICATE ------ BACTERIAL SINUSITIS FOUL SMELLING NASAL DISCHARGE IS CHARACTERISTIC OF ------ SINUSITIS OF DENTLA ORGIN pUS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE OSTIUM OF THE MIDDLE TURBINALE INDICATES ------ BACTERIAL SINUSITIS FOUL SMELLING NASAL DISCHARGE IS CHARACTERISTIC OF ------ SINUSITIS OF DENTAL ORGIN ONLY WAY TO DIAGNOSE BACTERIAL SINUSITIS ------ SINUS ASPIRATION OF A TROCAR INTRODUCED INTO MAXILLARY SINUS THRU UPPER GINGIVAL RECESS PRESENCE OF SERUM WHAT ANTIBODY SUGGESTS AN ALLERGIC RESPONSE ------ IGE THIS TYPE OF RHINITIS IS AN ACUTE CONDITION ASSOCIATED WITH UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION ------ INFECTIOUS RHINITIS PRESENCE OF YELLOW GREEN DISCHARGE AND RED MUCOSA DESCRIBE ALLERGIC RHINITIS ------ RECURRENT RHINNORHEA WITH CLEAR, WATERY MUCUS, SNEEZING AND PRURITIS NASAL TURBINATES ARE PALE AND SWOLLEN TEST FOR DIAGNOSIS FOR ALLERGIC RHINITIS ------ PRESECE OF ESOSINOPHILS TO CONFIRM AN ALLERGIC RESPONSE HISTORY OF SMOKER, RECENT URI, WINTER MONTHS, FRONTAL HEADACHES MADE WORSE WITH FORWARD BENDING, FULLNESS AND PRESSURE, PURULENT, AND TOOTHACHE ------ ACUTE SINUSITIS HISTORY OF PREVIOUS SINUS INFECTIONS, DULL ACHE OR NO PAIN ------ CHRONIC SINUSITIS WHAT DOES THE EPIGLOTTIS DO ------ PREVENTS FOOD ENTERING LARYNX AND TRACHEA SYMPTOMS OF HOARSNESS FOR LESS THAN 3 WEEKS IS CONSIDERED ------ ACUTE LIKELY DUE TO A VIRAL UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION CHRONIC SYPTOMS OF HOARSNESS MAY BE DUE TO ------ GERD RECURRENT EPISODES OF HOARSNESS MAY BE DUE TO ------ ALLERGIES OR SINUSITIS PROGRESSIVE HOARSNESS MAY BE DUE TO ------ LESIONS SUCH AS LARYNGEAL OR HYPOPHARYNGEAL CYST ACUTE HOARSNESS IS WORSE AT WHAT TIME OF DAY ------ AFTERNOON OR EVENING HOARSNESS FROM BIRTH INDICATES ------ CONGENITAL LARYNGEAL WEB, CYST, PALSY LARYGOTRACHEOBROCHITIS IS ------ CROUP SYMPTOM OF HOARSNESS IS FOUND IN HYPER OR HYPOTHYROIDISMS ------ HYPOTHYROIDISM PARALYSIS OF VOCAL CORDS IS ------ UNILATERAL THESE ARE THE MOST COMMON LARYNGEAL LESIONS FOUND IN CHILDREN ------ LARYNGEAL PAPILLOMAS VOIC OVERUSE EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL IRRITANCE, HOARSNESS FOR LESS THAN 3 WEEKS, PHARYNGITIS EDEMA AND REDNESS OF VOCAL CORDS ------ ACUTE LARYNGITIS ADULTS WHO HAVE A RAPID ONSET OF SORE THROAT, DYSPNEA, HOARSNESS, THE CHILD ON THE OTHER HAND HAS DROOLING, FORWARD LEANING POSTURE, FROGLIKE VOICE, FEVER, DROOLING, AND RESPIRATORY DISTRESS ------ ACUTE EPIGLOTTITIS EDEMA OF LIPS AND TONGUE WITH BREATHY VOICE ------ ACUTE LARYNGEAL EDEMA CHRONIC HISTORY OF SMOKING, AND ALCHOL USE WITH MORE THAN 3 WEEKS OF HOARSNESS IS ------ CHRONIC LARYNGITIS HISTORY OF ALLERGIES, VOICE ABUSE SMOKER , PROGRESSIVE HOARSNESS, WORSE AT END OF DAY, HOARSNESS CAN CHANGE WITH POSITION ------ POLYPS HOARSNESS MAY BE ONLY SIGN, TRACHEAL DEVIATION, PAIN WITH ADVANCED TUMOR, SMOKING, CHRONIC ALCHOL ABUSE IS ------ NEOPLASM AURICLE IS ALSO KNOWN AS ------ PINNA CERUM IS SECRETED BY ------ SEBACEOUS GLANDS MIDDLE EAR CONTAINS ------ OSSICLES AND 3 SMALL BONES MALLEUS, INCUS AND STAPLES TRANSMIT SOUND FROM TYMPANIC MEMBRANE OT OVAL WINDOW OF EAR THE COCHLEA DOES WHAT ------ TRANSMITS IMPULSES HEARING TENDS TO DETERIORATE WITH DEGNERATION OF HAIR CELLS IN ORGAN OF CORTI AFTER AGE ------ 50 DETERIORATION OF SENSE OF SMELL RESULTS FROM ------ LOSS OF OLFACTORY SENSORY NERONS AGE 60 SENSE OF TASTE DETERIORATES AFTER AGE 50 DUE TO ------ DECREASE IN NUMBERS OF PAPILLAE ON TONGUE RISK FACTORS FOR ORAL CA ------ AFTER AGE 40 MEN MORE LIKELY, BLACK, ALCHOL USE, SMOKING, ANEMIA, HIV WHITISH URIC ACID CRYSTALS ALONG AURICLES MAY INDICATE ------ GOUT AN AURICLE THAT IS LOW SET OR UNUSUAL ANGLE INDICATES ------ CHROMOSOMAL OR RENAL DISORDERS A PURULENT, FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE IS ASSOCIATED WITH ------ OTTITIS OR FOREIGN BODY MOUSY SMELL EAR WAX ------ PROTEUS INFECTION MAPLE SYRUP SMELL OF EAR WAX COULD INDICATE ------ URINE DISEASE TUNING FORK IS ALSO WHAT TEST ------ WEBER OR RHINNE CHEILITIS IS ------ DRY CRACKED LIPS XEROSTOMIA IS ------ DRY MOUTH CAUSED BY INGESTION OF ANTICHOLINERGIC, OR ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS CAUSED BY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, SCLERODERMA (FIBROSIS OF SKIN), POLYMYOSITIS, AND SJORGREN SYNDROME FOUND IN HEAVY SMOKERS OTOSCLEROSIS IS HEREDITARY CONDITION IN WOMEN TINNITUS LOW TO MEDIUM PITCH CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS ------ 0 DEFINE DYSPNEA ------ SOB WHICH IS SUBJECTIVE SENSATION OF AIR HUNGER COMMON CAUSE OF ACUTE ONSET OF DYSPNEA IS ------ LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION WHAT CAUSES ACUTE EPIGLOTTITIS IN CHILDREN ------ HAEMOPHILS INFLUENZA WHAT HAPPENS TO THE TRACHEA IN EPIGLOTTITIS ------ INFLAMMATION OF EPIGLOTTITIS CAUSES EDEMA THAT OBSTRUCTS THE TRACHEAL AIRWAY PRESENTING SYMPTOMS OF EPIGLOTTITIS ------ DROOLING, DYSPHONIA, RESPIRATORY DISTRESS, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR AND PATIENT SITS UP AND FORWARD WITH JAW OPEN TO ASSIST IN AIR INTAKE DEFINE STATUS ASTHMATICUS ------ PROGRESSIVE BRONCHOSPASM FROM AN INCREASE IN AIRFLOW RESISTANCE THAT DOES NOT RESPOND TO PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTION S AND S OF STATUS ASTHMATICUS ------ FEVER, INCREASED PULSE AND RESPIRATIONS, USE OF ACCESSORY MUSCLES IS SEEN, WHEEZING MAY NOT BE HEARD S AND S OF ANAPHYLAXIS ------ NOT FEELING WELL, FLUSHING, GENERALIZED PRURITIS, FEAR, FAINTNESS, SNEEZING, EDEMA OF LARYNX, EPIGLOTTIS, PHARYNX THIS OCCURS MOST FREQUENTLY IN YOUNG PERSONS WITH STRENOUS ACTIVITY ------ SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOTHORAX S AND S OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM ------ SOB PLEURITIC CHES PAIN, BLOODY SPUTUM, FEVER RISK FACTORS FOR A PE ------ OVER 60 PULMONARY HYPERTENSION, CHF, COPD, ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE, STROKE AND CA FACTORS THAT CAN LEAD TO A THROMBIS ------ VENOUS STATIS, HYPERCOAGULABILITY, ENDOTHELIAL INJURY TO VESSEL LINING TRAUMA, MUSCLE SPASM OR CLOT DISSOLUTION CAN CAUSE A THROMBUS TO DISLODGE CREATING AN ------ EMBOLUS, EMBOLI CIRCULATE TO THE RIGHT SIDE OF HEART AND ENTER THE LUNGS VIA PULMONARY ARTERY IF NOT DISSOLVED IN LUNGS IT OCCULDES PULMONARY ARTERY AND BLOCKS BLOOD FLOW TO THE LUNGS DYSPNEA RESULTING FROM A PE IS ACCOMPANIED BY ------ FEVER, CHEST PAIN, RESTLESSNESS THERE IS AN INCREASED RISK OF WHAT IN ADOLESCENTS WHO HAVE SUSTAINED TRAUMATIC INJURY TO THEIR LOWER LIMBS ------ PE WHAT IS IN RBC OF CONTRACEPTIVES THAT INCREASE THE RISK OF ------ PE WHAT DRUGS INCREASE THE RISK OF PE ------ ANTICOAGULANTS, DIGITALIS, ACE INHIBITORS S AND S OF HEART FAILURE ------ PERIPHERAL EDEMA, ASCITES, COUGH, ORTHOPNEA (DIB WHEN LYING DOWN), PAROXYSMAL NOCTURURNAL DYSPNEA S AND S OF HYPERVENTILATION SYNDROME ------ DYSPNEA, LIGHTHEADED, PALPITATION, PARESTHESIAS, PERIORAL AND EXTREMETIES S AND S OF LARYGOMALCIA ------ NEONATE, INFANT HISTORY OF STRIDOR, URI, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR VASCULAR RING S AND S ------ BRASSY COUGH, DIFFICULTY IN SWALLOWING, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR WITH EXPIRATORY WHEEZE S AND S OF HEART FAILURE ------ DYSPNEOEA , COUGH, FROTHY SPUTURM, FATIGUE, LIGHTHEADED , SYNCOPE, WEIGHT GAIN, ANKLE SWELLING, PALPITATIONS, ORTHOPNEA. IN CHILDREN NOTICE SWEATING ABOVE LIP AND FOREHEAD WHEN EATING, ALSO JUGULAR VEIN DISTENSION, USE OF ACCESSORY MUSCLES TO BREATH, RALES, RHONICI, WHEEZES, TACHYCARDIA, REDUCED PERIPHERAL PULSES, COOL EXTREMEITEIES, ASCITES AND LIVER ENLARGEMENT S AND S OF ANEMIA ------ DYSPNEA ON EXERTION, FATIGUE, PALOPITATIONS, LIGHTHEADNESS, PALLOR, TACHPNEA, COOL DRY SKIN S AND S OF ASTHMA, ------ DYSPNEOA, PAROXYSMAL COUGH, AUDIBLE SHEEZE, HISTORY OF ALLERGIES AND WHEEZE, VOCAL FREMITUS, RDUCED BREATH SOUNDS, AND INSPIRATORY AND EXPIRATORY WHEEZES S AND S OF COPD ------ PROGRESSIVE DYSPNEOA ON EXERTION, PERSISTENT COUGH, REDUCED TACTILE FREMITUS, PURSED LIP BREATHING, REDDISH COMPLEXION, RAPID RESPIRATIONS, AND MUFFLED HEART SOUNDS S AND S OF PNEUMONIA, ------ DYSPNEA, COUGH, SPUTUM PRODUCTION, RUST, GREEN AND RED COLOR, PLEURITIC CHES PAIN, CHILLS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN IRRITABILITY AND FEEDING PROBLEMS S AND S OF PE ------ ACUTE ONSET OF DYSPNEA, COUGH, MILD TO SEVERE CHEST PAIN, HEMOPTYSIS, HX OF DVT, RECENT SURGERY, ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, HYPERCOAGULABILITY STATES, RESTLESS, FEVER, TACHYCARDIA, REDUCED BREATH SOUNDS, CRACKELES , WHEEZING, PLEURAL FRICTION RUB S AND S OF NASOPHARYNGITIS ------ ACUTE ONSET LOW GRADE FEVER, RHINNORHEA, COUGH AT NIGHT NASAL MUCOSA, RED AND SWOLLEN PHARYNX, MILDLY RED S AND S OF POSTNASAL DRAINAGE ------ COUGH AND SORE THYROID, MUCOID SECRETIONS IN PHARYNX, COBBLESTONE APPEARANCE OF POSTERIOR PHARYNX, TENDERNESS OF SINUSES S AND S OF ASTHMA ------ DRY, HACKING COUGH AT NIGHT WITH FEEDING AND LAUGHTER END EXPIRATORY WHEEZE, PROLONGED EXPIRATORY PHASE S AND S OF GERD ------ COUGH WORSE AT NIGHT SOUR TASTE IN MOUTH, HEARTBURN, HISTORY OF ESOPHAGITIS, ALCHOL AND CIG ABUSE, OVERWEIGHT COUGH AFTER EATING AND LYING DOWN S AND S OF CROUP ------ HISTORY OF URI, BRASSY, BARKLIKE COUGH, COUGH USUALLY AT NIGHT, LOW GRADE FEVER, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR, FLARING OF NARES, PROLOGED EXPIRATORY PHASE, SEE RETRACTION OF ACCESSORY MUSCLES, AND REDUCED BREATH SOUNDS S AND S OF ACUTE BRONCHITIS ------ LESS THAN 3 MONTHSS, WINTER MONTHS URI FOR 3-4 DAYS, HACKING COUGH THAT BECOMES PRODUCTIVE, COARSE FINE CRACKLES S AND S OF BRONCHIOLITIS (RSV) ------ GRUNTING, SNEEZING, COUGHING, EXPOSURE TO PASSIVE SMOKE S AND S OF CHLAMYDIAL PNEUMONIA ------ CONJUNCTIVITIS IN 50% OF KIDS, TACHYPNEA COUGH IN INFANTS 4-12 WEEKS S AND S OF MYCOPLASMAL PNEUMONIA ------ CHILD OR YOUNG ADULT, DRY COUGH, HEADACHE, MALAISE, SORE THROAT, FEVER, RALES, AND RHONCI ON AUSCULATION S AND S OF VIRAL URI ------ COUGH, NASAL CONGESTION, SORE THROAT, FEVER, CHILLS, MYALGIA, FEVER, PHARYNGITIS, ENLARGED ANTERIOR CERVICAL LYMPH NODES, NORMAL TM, NASAL MUCOSA ERYTHEMA S AND S OF PNEUMONIA ------ NOISY COUGH, DYSPNEA, PLEURITIC CHEST PAIN, SPUTUM PRODUCTION, YELLOW, GREEN OR RED COLOR, FEVER, TACHYCARDIA, INSPIRATORY CRACKKES, VOCAL FREMITUS, PERCUSSION DULL OR FLAT, BRNOCHOPHONY S AND S OF PERTUSSIS ------ PERSISTENT, HACKING COUGH, INSPIRATORY WHOOP, VOMITING, FEVER IS ABSENT BRASSY COUGH MOST COMMON SYMPTOMS OF ------ TB RECURRENT COUGH, WORSE AT NIGHT BECAUSE OF TRICLING OF INFECTED MUCUS FROM NASOPHARYNX DOWN PHARYNGEAL WALL. MAXILLARY SINUSES INVOLVES NOISY BREATHING AND SNORING, MUCOPURULENT SECRETIONS IS ------ CHRONIC SINUSITIS ALLERGIC RHNITIS S AND S ------ ALLERGIC SHINER, RHINNORHEA CLEAR AND WATERY, SKIN TEST FOR ALLERGIES IS POSITIVE DESCRIBE COUGH SEEN IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS ------ COUGH IS PRODUCTIVE SIGNS OF FAILURE TO THRIVE IS THE SWEAT CHLORIDE TEST HEMPTOSIS, WEIGHT LOSS, SOB, ENLARGED SUPRACLAVICULAR NODES ------ BRONCHOGENIC CA THIS DRUG CAUSES A COUGH THAT IS NON PRODUCTIVE, IRRITATING, TICKLING SENSATION ------ ACE INHIBITORS COUGH FOR LAST 3 MONTHS CAUSED BY SMOKING, DUST, RASPING, HACKING COUGH, BARREL CHEST, PROLONGED EXPIRATION, WHEEZING ------ CHRONIC BRONCHITIS WHAT IS THIS PATIENT COMPLAINTS OF HEARTBURN, AND SOUR TASTE IN MOUTH ------ GERD MOST COMMON CAUSE OF COUGH, DRY COUGH, THROAT CLEARING, NASAL CONGESTION, PHARYNX IS COBBLESTONE APPEARANCE ------ POSTNasal dRAINAGE SYNDROME INFLAMMATORY OR EDEMA OF SUBLOTTIC AREA CAUSING OBSTRUCTION OF LARYNX, TRACHEA, BRONCHI, HOARSENESS, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR, NORMAL EPIGLOTTIS ------ CROUP WHAT CAUSES CHLAMYDIAL PNEUMONIA ------ C TRACHOMATIS TRANSMITTED DURING DELIVERY MOST COMMN CAUSE OF INFECTION REDUCED RESPIRATIONS, FEVER, COUGH, HEADACHE, MALAISE, SORE THROAT, RALES AND RHONICI PRESENT ------ MYCOPLAMA PNEUMONIA SUPRASTERNAL AND SUPRACLAVICULAR RETRACTIONS ARE CAUSED BY ------ UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION WHAT TYPE OF RETRACTIONS OCCUR WITH LOWER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION DISEASE ------ INTERCOSTAL AND SUBCOSTAL RETRACTIONS If THERE IS A LOSS OF BORDER WITH THE HEART THERE IS A FLUFFY APPEARANCE, OR BUTTERFLY APPEARANCE IT MAY INDICATE ------ PULMONARY EDEMA, PNEUMONIA, OR A PE A HAIRLINE SHADOW, OR DARK BLACK WITH NO LUNG MARKINGS ON A CHEST XRAY MAY INDICATE ------ PNEUMOTHORAX AN ELEVATED DIAPHRAGMS, A FLATTENED DIAPHRAGM, ELEVATION ON LEFT, OR BILATERAL ELEVATION OF DIAPHRAGM ON XRAY MAY INDICATE ------ EMPHYSEMA, ASTHMA, OR TENSION PENUMORTHORAX THIS IS LIFE THREATENING CAUSE OF ACUTE CHEST PAIN WITH SUDDEN ONSET OF DYSPNEA ------ PE DESCRIBE TYPICAL ANGINAL PAIN ------ SUBSTERNAL HEAVINESS, PRESSURE, OR A SQUEEZING SENSATION AN ABRUPT TEARING PAIN, LOCATED IN THE ANTERIOR OR POSTERIOR CHEST WHICH MAY MIGRATE TO THE ARMS, ABDOMEN, BACK OR LEGS IS ------ AORTIC DISECTION MILD TO SEVER CHEST PAIN ONSET LOCATED IN THE LATERAL THORAX AND RADIATING TO THE IPSILATERAL SHOULDER, AND IS DESCRIBED AS SHARP OR TEARING IS A ------ PNEMOTHORAX THIS CHEST PAIN DOES NOT RADIATE AND IS LOCATED OVER AREA OF INFILTRATION IS ------ PNEUMONIA REPORTS OF NAUSEA, VOMITING, DIAPHORESIS, SOB, AND SYNCOPE IS ------ MI IRRITATION OF THE INTERCOSTAL NERVES AND IS A SUDDEN ONSET OF STABBING BURNING PAIN IS ------ NEURITIS DORSAL ROOT IRRITATION IS ASSOCATED WITH ------ HERPES INTENSE BURNING, KNIFELINKE MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE MAY BE PRESENT WITH A HISTORY OF ------ PALPITATIONS, B ADRENERGIC AGENTS OR THEOPHYLLINE A RUPTURED SPLLEN CAN CAUSE IRRITATION OF WHAT NERVE ------ PHRENIC NERVE, AND PRODUCES SHOULDER PAIN A SHARP PLEURITIC PAIN RELIEVED BY SITTING UPRIGHT AND LEANING FORWARD SUGGESTS ------ PERICARDITIS PAIN THAT IS AGGRAVATED BY CHEST WALL MOVEMENTS ESPECIALLY ALONG THE STERNAL BORDER IS ASSOCIATED WITH ------ COSTOCHONDRITIS ESOPHAGITIS IS THE MOST FREQUENT CAUSE OF CHEST PAIN AND IT IS DESCRIBED AS ------ HEARTBURN THIS IS REPORTED AS RIGHT ANTERIOR CHEST PAIN THAT RADIATES TO THE SHOULDER OR UPPER BACK ------ CHOLECYSTITIS LEFT UPPER QUADRANT PAIN OF ABDOMEN, RADIATING TO CHEST, SHOULDER AND ARM IS ------ PANCREATITIS AND IS ACCOMPANIED BY HYPOTENSION UNILATERAL PERSISTENT CHEST PAIN THAT IS PRURITIC, BURNING OR STABBING CONSIDER ------ HERPES ZOSTER MARFAN SYNDROME HAS WHAT TYPE OF HEART PROBLEM ------ MITRAL VALVE S AND S OF PE ------ DIAPHORETIC, ANXIOUS, RESPIRATIONS ARE RAPID, SPLINTING OF CHEST, AND PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS PATIENT WITH AORTIC CISSECTION MAY BE ------ HYPOTENSIVE AND UNEQUAL PERIPHERAL PULSES PERICARDITIS MAY BE ACOMMPANIED BY ------ FEVER, RAPID AND SHALLOW RESPIRATIONS AND HYPERTENSION MYOCARDITIS WILL PRESENT WITH ------ FEVER, RESPIRATORY DISTRESS AND PARADOXICAL PULSE PNEUMOTHORAX IS MANIFESTED BY ------ TACHYPNEA, AND UNEQUAL CHEST WALL EXCURSION SWEAT ON THE FOREHEAD OF AN INFANT MAY INDICATE ------ CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE TRACHEAL SHIFT OCCURS WITH A ------ PNEUMOTHORAX, AND IS DEVIATED TO THE OPPOSITE SIDE DURING EXHALATION COSTOCHONDRITIS WILL BE MANIFESTED BY PAIN WITH PALPATION OVER THE CARTILAGE BETWEEN STERNUM AND RIBS ------ STERNUM AND RIBS ARE BREATH SOUNDS AUDIBLE IN A PNEUMOTHORAX ------ NO WHAT SOUNDS WILL YOU GET WITH A PNEUMOTHORAX ------ HYPERRESONANT SOUND OF AN AIR FILLED CAVITY, SOUNDS IN PNEUMONIA PRODUCE A DULL OR FLAT SOUND IF BREATH SOUNDS ARE DIMINISHED OVER ALL LUNG FIELDS SUSPECT ------ COPD NORMAL LUNG SOUNDS ARE CALLED ------ ADVENTITIOUS WHAT SOUND CAN BE HEARD OVER THE SITE OF A PE ------ CRACKELES WHAT SOUND IS HEARD WITH A PATIENT WHO HAS PNEUMONIA ------ RHONICI WHAT SOUND IS A PLEURAL FRICTION RUB ------ GRATING OR SQUEAKING PARADOXICAL S2 DURING PAIN IS A USEFUL SIGN OF ------ CORONARY ISCHAEMIA A TRANSIENT PARADOXICAL S2 COULD INDICATE ------ HEART FAILURE, LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK A TRANSIENT S3 (VENTRICULAR GALLOP) OR MITRAL REGURGITATION MURMUR IS ASSOCIATED WITH ------ MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA, OR CHF AN S4 ATRIAL GALLOP TYPICALLY INDICATES ------ A STRESSED HEART WHICH MAY BE THE RESULT OF HYPERTENSION, MI OR CAD CAUSING HEART FAILURE IN CHILDEN A LOUD MURMUR, BEST AUDIBLE AT THE RIGHT STERNAL BORDER OR UPPER LEFT STERNAL BORDER WITH A THRILL MAY INDICATE A ------ CONGENITAL HEART DEFECT MIDSYSTOLIC CLICK/LATE SYSTOLIC MURMUR HONK IS HEARD WITH ------ MITRAL VALAVE PROLAPSE EPIGASTRIC PAIN WITH PALPATION MAY OCCUR WITH ------ ESOPHAGITIS OR PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE PAIN ON PALPATION IN RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT OF ABDOMEN IS ------ CHOLELITIASIS OR CHOLECYSTITIS PANCREATITIS PAIN IS FOUND IN ------ LEFT UPPER QUADRANT EXAM: CERUM CAN BE WHAT COLOR ------ ANY COLOR EXAM: WHAT DOES IMPACTION DO ------ CAUSES CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSSEXAM: EXAM: WHAT IS NEURO SENSORIAL LOSS ------ DAMAGE TO AUDITORY NERVES EXAM: S AND S OF IMPACTION ------ ITCHING DISCOMFORT, FULL FEELING, DIZZINESS, JAW FACIAL PAIN EXAM: RISK FACTORS FOR IMPACTION ------ HEARING AIDS, Q TIPS RECURRENT OTTITIS EXTERNA EXAM: S AND S OOF EXTERNAL OTITIS ------ SWIMMERS EARS, REDNESS, SCALING, VERY PAINFUL EXAM: ANTIBIOTICS CAN CAUSE WHAT IN THE EAR ------ YEAST INFECTION EXAM: EXOTOSIS IS FOUND IN PEOPLE WITH WHAT ------ SURFACES BONY GROWTH, SWIMMERS IN COLD WATER EXAM: ASIANS HAVE WHAT TYPE OF EAR WAX ------ DRY, WRINKLY EAR WAX EXAM: TYMPANIC MEMBRANE LOOKS LIKE WHAT COLOR AND THE LIGHT REFLEX CAN BE SEEN AT WHAT OCKLOCK ------ PEARLY GREY COLOR, AND 5 OR 7 OCKLOCK LIGHT REFLEX EXAM: WHEN DOCUMENTING TM AND BONLY LANDMARKS WHAT SHOULD YOUR WRITE ------ TM PEARLY GRAY, BONY LANDMARKS, AND LIGHT REFLEX VISUALIZED EXAM: S AND S OF ACUTE OTTITIS MEDIA ------ BULGING EAR DRUM, TYMPANIC MEMBRANE IS INJECTED DOCUMENT RED EXAM: RINNE TEST IS TESTING ------ BONE CONDUCTION EXAM: AIR SOUND IS HEARD ------ TWICE AS LONG AS BONE EXAM: CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS LATERALIZES TO THE ------ BAD EAR EXAM: SENSORNEURAL HEARING LOSS LATERALIZES TO THE ------ GOOD EAR EXAM: BATTLES SIGN IS FOUND IN A ------ BASAL SKULL FRACTURE BRUISING IS FOUND IN POST AURICLE REGION EXAM: IN RHNITIS S AND S ------ RUNNY NOSE, INFLAMMED MUCOSA WITH EDEMA, NASAL CONGESTION, CLEAR RHINNORHEA, COUGHING SORE THROAT, ITCHING PUFFINESS, FAMILY HISTORY OF ALLERGIES, ATOPIC, DERMATITIS EXAM: ALLERGIC RHNIITIS S AND S ------ COBBLESTONE THROAT, BOGGY MUCOSA IN NOSE, ENLARGED TURBINATES EXAM: NON ALLERGIC RHNNITIS S AND S ------ STRONG ODORS CAN CAUSE, SMELLING OF AMONIA, EMOTIONS EXAM: S AND S OF VIRAL RHINNITIS ------ COLD , COUGH, SNEEZING, POST NASAL DRIP EXAM: S AND S OF PND (POST NASAL DRIP) ------ CHRONIC COUGH, SORE THROAT, COMPLAINTS OF FEELING BACK OF THROAT EXAM: S AND S OF POLYPS IN NOSE ------ COMPLAINTS OF NASAL OBSTRUCTION, AND REDUCED SENSE OF SMELL, LOOKS LIKE SOFT TISSUE/HANGING GRAPES EXAM: WHAT IS ERYTHROPLAKIA ------ RED PATCH IN MOUTH MAY BE PRECANCEROUS, OFTEN ON FLOOR OF MOUTH EXAM: PYOGENIC GRANULOMA IS ------ BENIGN RED MASS EXAM: LOOKS LIKE LACE ALSO KNOWN AS WICKAM STRIAE WHITE PLAQUES IN MOUTH MORE COMMON IN WOMEN WILL NOT SCRAPE OFF ------ LINCHEN PLANUS EXAM: WHITE PATCHES IN MOUTH, MAY BE PRECANCEROUS WILL NOT SCRAPE OFF ------ LEUKOPLAKIA EXAM: THIS CAN BE CAUSED BY FUNGAL, DIABETES, PREGNANCY, STEROIDS, ANTIBIOTICS, AND IT IS POSITIVE FOR HYPHAE SPORES OFTEN PAINFUL ON A RED BASE ------ CANDIDIASIS EXAM: A HAIRY TONGUE THAT IS BENIGN IS DUE TO ------ ANTIBIOTIC USE EXAM: APTHOUS ULCER IS WHAT AND WHAT ARE THE S AND S ------ CANKER SORE/YELLOW LESION THERE IS A HALO AROUND IT DARK RED AROUND EXAM: S AND S OF BACTERIAL PHARYNGITIS ------ ALWAYS GIVE ANTIBIOTICS, CAUSED BY STREP GROUP AB EXAM: INCUBATION PERIOD FOR STREP THROAT ------ 3-5 DAYS EXAM: STREP THROAT CAN LEAD TO ------ RHEMATIC FEVER, PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS, OR GLOMERULONEPHRITIS EXAM: S AND S OF PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS ------ IT IS ONE SIDED , TRISMUS CREATES LOCKJAW, DROOLING, MUFFLED VOICE IS DESCRIBED AS A HOT POTATOES, SWOLLEN TONSILS EXAM: DROOLING CAN BE FOUND IN THESE CONDITIONS ------ PERITONSILLAR ABCESS AND EPIGLOTTITIS EXAM: S AND S OF BACTERIAL PHARYNGITIS ------ WINTER/SPRING, FEVER, GI SYMPTOMS, INFLAMMATORY PHARYNX, NO COUGH, SORE THROAT, EXCUDATE ON PHARYNX, SWOLLEN OVULA, GREY FURRY TONGUE
Side A ------ Side B Ear pain is defined as ------ Otalgia What causes otalgia ------ Inflammation of the middle ear This refers to any inflammation of the middle ear ------ Acute otitis media Ottitis media with effusion is what ------ A collection of fluid in the midle ear Name some other names for ottitis media ------ Serous ottitis media Secretory ottitis Non suppurative ottitis If physical findings are normal with the middle ear disorders than what is the cause of the pain ------ Referred pain is likely 50% of referred pain is caused by ------ Dental problems Name some other causes of deferred pain ------ TMJ disorder, parotitis, pharyngitis, cervical, mouth or facial disorders What is the most serious although least common cause of referred pain and most common in asians ------ Nasopharyngeal ca Acute ottitis media declines after age ------ 6 What is presenting symptoms of acute ottitis media ------ 60% of children get a fever What risks increase chronic ottitis media ------ Having a parent/sibling with chronic ottitis media Bottle propping and second hand smoke What does propping bottle feeding do in acute ottitis media ------ swallowing while lying down allows nasopharyngeal fluid to enter the middle ear with infection later What is malignant ottitis media ------ cellulitis involving the ear those with diabetes predisposes patients to this Those with this desease are at high risk for ottitis media and mastoiditis ------ Diabetics Chronic inflammation of ______ or ____________ from overproduction of sebum which occurs in the otter external canal and causes ottitis ___________ ------ dermatitis, psoriasis, externa What causes externa ottitis ------ psoriasis and dermatitits How does a cleft palat cause ottitis media ------ Functional obstruction of the eustachian tubes How is pain describe in ottitis externa ------ Tenderness around outer ear that worsens with manipulation of the pinna Severe pain or tenderness of the mastoid process is ------ Mastoiditis if pain is bilateral suspect otitis externa Is refered pain or acute otitis media unilateral or bilateral ------ unilateral This ear condition is referre as a bubbling, popping or stuffy sensation in ear and is painless? ------ Serous otitis This involves tenerness of the outer ear that may have itching ------ Otitis externa If the ear drum perforates acute otitis media is ------ relieved This type of pain is described as severe, lasting a few minutes and recurring 3 or 4 times a day and sometimes there is a headache ------ TMJ is worse at morning as it is associate with grinding of teeth Itching or drainage from the ear usually indicates an infection or inflammation of the ------ external canal Itching from the ear can also be a precursor to ------ Herpes zoster of CN5 trigeminal What is a cholesteatoma ------ Epiermal inclusion cyst of middle ear or mastoid Perforation of the TM has what type of discharge ------ Foul smelling discharge To cause direct injury to the inner ear one must fracture the ------ petrous temporal bone What does cerumen do ------ Protects the external ear canal What color is cerum ------ dark scally, or honey colored Too much cerumen causes ------ hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, pressure and infection Exposure to high pitched loud noises destroys the ------ cochlear hair cellsss The most common cause in conductive hearing loss ------ Is caused by blockage of the external canal by cerumen Chronic ear pain is associate with hearing loss and ear discharge secondary to a perforated non healing ------ TM Hearing loss associated with izziness, vertigo, tinnitus may indicate ------ Inner ear condition Abnormal middle ear ventilation and midle ear effusion are most common causes of what in children ------ Balance isturbance Hemmorrhage over the mastoid bone (battles sign occurs with what type of fracture ------ Basal skull Pain in opening of ear canal and inflammation may suggest what type of infection ------ Bacterial Fungal and yeast infections in the ear canal appear as ------ White/dark patches A hot wollen and erythematous ear and surrounding skin indicates ------ Cellulitis Redness and painful swelling over mastoid process is ------ Sign of infection in the mastoid air cells TMJ pain is worse in the morning or night ------ morning How to diagnose TMJ ------ clicking of joint tenderness This is found in children under 6 and is associate with upper respiratory tract infection ------ AOM Swelling of what node is seen in children with AOM ------ Pre auricle Does serous otitis have pain ------ no Serous ottitis is cause by ------ mechanical problem of the eustacian tube which causes inaequate ventilation of the midle ear Lavage should not be performed if there is perforation of the ------ TM In mastoiditis the pinna is ------ Displaced forward an swelling behind ear Pre auricle nodes may be enlarged with ------ AOM Ottitis media If post auricle nodes are swollen it means infection to ------ mastoid cavity Vesicles on the external ear canal an auricle may inicate ------ Herpes Zoster (Ramsay Hunt Syndrome) Cheesy, green blue or grey discharge is ------ ottitis externa A normal TM is what color ------ Pearly grey or translucent Redness of the TM occurs from ------ Coughing/crying This is more common in adults especially with diabetes, earpicker swimmers it is bilateral and there is itching and pain ------ External ottitis This causes hearing loss and a recent perforated tympanic membrane ------ Cholesteatoma More common in children uner six exposure to smoke, URI sever deep pain an it is unilateral, feeling of fullness ------ acute otitis meia Pearly white lesion on or behind the TM ------ cholesteomata TM is normal or not visible pain with movement of pinnar, there is discharge, inflammation and swollen external canal ------ external otitis Fluid line or air observed behind TM conductive hearing loss and decreased mobility of TM ------ serous otitis Red bulging TM, fever, reuction in light reflex, opaque TM and ecrease mobility of TM ------ acute otitis meia Fullness or bulging of the TM indicates ------ Increase air pressure or increased hydrostatic pressure within the middle ear Red inflammed eardrum without effusion is ------ Myingitis Bullous myingitis is described as ------ extremely painful condition with small blisters on the TM Bullous myringitis is caused by ------ Bacterial ottitis meia Chronic ottitis meia can lea to ------ cholesteatoma How is an intraortic manipulation ------ open mouth finger tips on both ears, pull patient forward, open an close mouth 90% of patients will have pain with this TMJ disorder Which nerve tests bitter/sour ------ CN9 Which nerve tests sweet and salty ------ CN7 What oes the insufflation test o ------ Mobility of TM The mastoid bone shows cloudinf of air cells means ------ ottitis meia What is barotrauma ------ Pressure changes cause by URI or nasal congestion Inflammation of CN10 is associated with ------ lesions of the larynx, esophagus, trachea and thyroid This is common in aults, especially iabetes, ear pickers, swimmers, bilateral itchin, pain, tenerness around outer ear, pain is worse when pina is pulled, pre auricle nodes are enlarged, a cheesy green blue grey discharge, TM is normal or not visible, and inflammation and swollen ------ External ottitis This is more common in children, smoke exposure , recent uri, severe, deep pain, unilateral, sensation of fullness, inflammation of middle ear, fever, bottle feeing, eardrum perforation causes relief, preauricle node swelling, red bulging TM, rduced mobility of TM, fever, reduced light reflex and an opaque TM ------ Acute ottitis meia This is most common in chilren but occurs with aults with URI, unilateral pain, sensation, crackling or reuce hearing, fluid line and air is observe behind TM, conductive hearing loss, reduced TM mobility, bubbling, popping, stuffy sensation, painless, causes is mechanical probe of the eastacian tube which causes inadequate ventilation of mile ear, fluid line or air behind TM, conductive hearing loss and reduced mobility of TM ------ Serous otitis What causes a sore throat ------ inflammation of mucosa of the orophaynx What causes pharyngitis ------ inflammation of mucous membanes with secondary involvement of lymph node drainage system Sore throat is classifie as ------ Pharyngeal ulcers and those without What does GABHS stand for ------ Group AB hemolytic streptococcus Signs an symptoms of acute epiglotitis ------ Drooling, unable to swallow, unable to lie own, restless, unable to sit still, unable to carry on a conversation, Inspiratory stridor What causes acute epiglottitis ------ H influenza type b What age does acute epiglottitis hit ------ 2 to 5 Symptoms of peritonsillar abscess and cellulitis ------ Severe throat, odynophagia, trismus (spasm of the masticatory muscles and difficulty opening the mouth), and meical emation of the soft palat and peritonsillar fold The epstein barr vius is spred thru ------ saliva Curlike white plaques that blee when scraped off is ------ canidas What should you not o when examining epiglottitis ------ Do not examine the pharynx Signs and symptoms of viral pharyngitis ------ scratchy, sore throat, malaise, myalgias, headache, chills, cough, rhinitis, erythema, edema of throat, tener posterior cervical noes Signs and symptoms of Group AB hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis ------ Common in 5 to 15 in the fall winter season sudden onset of fever, severe sore throat, an malaise no cough or upper respiratory tract infections Signs an Symptoms of mononucleosis Epstein Barr Virus ------ Young adults, slow onset of malaise, low grae fever mild sore throat, presence of pharyngeal excudate palatine petichiae Candias can occur in what types of patients ------ iabetics, antibiotics or inhaled sterois, immunocompromised persons What does candidas look like ------ White plaques that blee when scraped This is manifested by fever, heaache, sore throat and lymphadenitis, yellow vesicles on palate, pharynx and gingiva ------ Herpes Simples, active lesions painful What is apthous stomatis ------ Canker sores dicrete vesiceles, no preceing vesicles, ulcers are on the inner lip, tongue and buccal mucosa lesions last 1-2 weeks What causes Vincents Angina ------ Fusospirochetal infection results in necrotizing ulcerative gingivostomatis Symptoms of Vincents Angina ------ Painful ulcers, foul breath an bleeding gums, no fever, grey necrotic ulcers without vesicles, gram staining shows spirochetes What causes herpagina ------ coxsackievius, signs and symptoms headache, anorexia, neck abodomen an extremity pain may occur within 2 ays, greyis papulovesicular lesions on right on the soft palate and pharynx, progress to shallow ulcers, outbreaks summer months, common in chilren and immunosuppressed, antibody titre confirms diagnosis This is also known as quinsy ------ Peritonsillar/Retropharyngeal abscess which is a collection of pus between tonsil and capsule of the tonsillar pillar. Symptoms include history of respiratory symptoms, difficulty in swallowing, otalgia, malaise, fever In this the pharynx is erythematous, pale, boggy and swollen there is no tonsillar enlargement or pharyngeal excudate the presence of URI makes this more than likely streptococcal pharyngitis ------ Viral pharyngitis Most symptoms most likely to occure with streptococcal pharyngitis ------ Fever with temp, tonsillar exudate and history of recent exposure S&S of mononucleosis ------ Disease of young adults graual onset, low grade fever, mild sore throat posteriror cervical lymphadenopathy and malaise and fever What causes epiglottitis ------ H influenza type b The presence of eosiphils on a nasal smear stained with Wrights stain indicates ------ An allergic response inflammatory process Test results that show 50% lymphocytes and 10% atypical lymphocytes confirms the diagnosis of ------ mononucleosis This is found in half the cases of monocucleosis ------ Splenomegaly This type of pneumonia is found in adolescents with a sore throat ------ Mycoplasma pneumoniae What is this? Erythema, gneralized distribution, circmoral pallor and sparing of palms ------ Scarlett fever starting at hands S&S of acute thyroiditis ------ Sore throat in the presence of a normal throat examination but an elarged and tender thyroi gland Evidence of ottitis media with effusion may indicate ------ non typical h influenzae acute otitis media conjunctivitis ottitis syndrome Injected conjunctivae associated with a sore throat may indicate ------ pharyngoconjunctival fever Red swollen turbinates indicates an ------ infectious process Presence of mucoid discharge indicates ------ allergic rhinitis, purulent discharge suggests infectious sinusitis In streptococcal pharyngitis which lymph nodes are enlarged and tener ------ anterior cervical lymph, in viral infections the posterior cervical nodes are enlarged This is a cardinal sign of infectious mononucleosis ------ lymphadenopathy Drooling may indicate ------ peritonsillar abscess or epiglottitis diptheria appears as ------ a thick gray tonsillar excudate or pseudomembrane excudate and is not easily removed and bleeds easily Purulent draninage that is yellow or green is associated with ------ infectious sinusitis Name the high risk factors for Gabhs pharryngitis ------ Tonsillar excudate cervial lymphadeonopathy, rhematic heart disease Presumed strep ------ Scarlett fever, strep epidemic, antibiotics already started Name the medium risk associated with GABHS Pharyngitis ------ excudate nodes or fever, prior rhematic fever, diabetes, recent strep exposure S and S of epitlottitis ------ sore throat, difficulty with secretions, odynophagia (pain on swallowing foods), unable to talk, do not examine pharynx, h influenza type b is cause, occurs betweeen ages 2-5, inspiratory stridor S and S of peritonsillar retropharyngeal abscess ------ HX of recurrent tonsillitis, sore throat, difficulty swallowing, respiratory tract symptoms, fever, malaise, orthopnea, symmentrical swelling, abscess, trismus spasm of the masticatory muscles, and difficulty opening the mouth, drooling S and S of viral pharyngitis ------ scratcy sore throat, malaise, myalgias, headache, chills, cough, rinnitis, erythema an edema of throat, tender, posterior cervical nodes Group AB hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis symptoms ------ common to 5-15 year olds, known exposure, fall winter season, sudden onset of fever, severe sore throat and malaise, no cough, anterior cervical lymphaenopathy, temp more than 38.5 S and S of mononucleosis ------ young adults, slow onset of alaise, low fever, mild sore throat, pharyngeal excudate, palatine petechiae, posterior cervical Severe symptoms of a cold include: ------ aGEUSIA (LOSS OF TASTE), ANOSMIA LOSS OF SMELL wHAT DOES RHINITIS MEAN AND WHAT CAUSES IT ------ INFLAMMATION AND IS CAUSED BY BACTERIAL VIRAL INFECTIONS DESCRIBE INFECTIOUS RHINNITIS ------ MORE COMMON IN WINTER MONTHS OR RECENT URI, RED SWOLLEN MUCOSA AND PURULENT DRAINAGE S AND S OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS ------ FAMILY HISTORY OF ALLERGIES, SNEEZING, COMMON IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS, PALE, BOGGY MUCOSA, CLEAR AND WATERY MUCUS s AND S OF NON ALLERGIC RHINITIS ------ NO ALLERGEN IDENTIFIED SYMPTOMS SIILAR TO ALLERGIC RHINITIS THE CAUSE OF SINUSITIS IS ------ STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE AND H INFLUENZAE ACUTE SYMPTOMS OF ACUTE RHINITIS OR SINUS CONGESTIONS LAST FOR ------ 48-72 HOURS AND IS CAUSED BY RHINITIS OR SINUS OSTIA CHRONIC RHINITIS IS CAUSED BY ------ ANATOMICAL ABNORMALITIES THAT IMPAIR THE DRAINIAGE SYSTEM WHAT IS THIS SNEEZING, WHEEZING, ITCHY OR BURNING EYES ------ SUSPECT ALLERGIC RHINITIS, FAMILY HISTORY OF ASTHMA, OR ALLERGIES AND IS FREQUENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH ALLERGIC RHINITIS THIS IS AN ABRUPT ONSET OF INFECTION OF ONE OR MORE OF THE PARANASAL SINUSES AND OCCURS WHEN THE SINUS OSTIA BECOMES OBSTRUCTED USUALLY AFTER AN UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION ------ ACUTE SINUSITIS THIS TYPE OF SINUSITIS PAIN WORSENS WITH BENDING OR LEANING FORWARD AN ALSO PRODUCES A COUGH THAT WORSENS WHEN LYING DOWN ------ MAXILLARY SINUSITIS IN CHILDREN CHRONIC SINUSITIS IS DEFINED AS THE PRESENCE OF SYMPTOMS FOR LONGER THAN ------ 30 DAYS AND IS CAUSED BY PROLONGED OBSTRUCTION OF TH OSTEOMEATAL COMPLEX WHICH LEADS TO DYSFUNCTION OF CILARY MOTILITY AND MOVEMENT OF MUCUS WITHIN THE SINUSES S AND S OF CHRONIC SINUSITIS ------ COMPLAINTS OF A COLD THAT WONT GO AWAY, EYE PAIN, HALITOSIS, CHRONIC COUGH, FATIGUE, ANOREXIA, MALAISE AND LOW GRADE FEVER WHAT COLOR IS THE NASAL DISCHARGE IN ACUTE RHINNITIS CAUSED BY BACTERIAL OR VIRAL ------ YELLOW OR GREEN PURULENT NASAL DISCHARGE WHAT COLOR IS THE DISCHARGE IN ALLERGIC REACTIONS ------ WATERY OR CLEAR IS INFECTIOUS RHNITIS OR ALLERGIC RHINNITIS UNILATERAL OR BILATERAL ------ BILATERAL WHAT DRUGS CAN CAUSE NASAL CONGESTION ------ ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, PHENOTHIAZINE, ACE INHIBITORS AND BETA BLOCKERS NAME CONDITIONS WHICH INCREASE RISK OF DEVELOPING ACUTE OR CHRONIC SINUSITIS ------ DIABETES, LEUKEMIA, AIDS, CYSTIC FIBROSIS WHAT IS THE MOST SERIOUS COMPLICATION OF SEVERE BACTERIAL SINUSITIS ------ PERIORBITAL CELLULITIS WHAT IS CORYZA ------ ACUTE RHINITIS THIS TYPE OF RHNITIS IS SEEN WITH WHICH ONE PALE, BOGGY TURBINATES ARE SEEN WITH ------ ALLERGIC RHINITIS MAY ALSO PRODUCE A VIOLET COLORED MUCUS MEMBRANE WHAT DO NASAL POLYPS LOOK LIKE ------ SKINNED GRAPES WHICH HANG FROM THE LUMEN OF THE NOSE PUS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE OSTIUM OF THE MIDDLE TURBINATE INDICATE ------ BACTERIAL SINUSITIS FOUL SMELLING NASAL DISCHARGE IS CHARACTERISTIC OF ------ SINUSITIS OF DENTLA ORGIN pUS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE OSTIUM OF THE MIDDLE TURBINALE INDICATES ------ BACTERIAL SINUSITIS FOUL SMELLING NASAL DISCHARGE IS CHARACTERISTIC OF ------ SINUSITIS OF DENTAL ORGIN ONLY WAY TO DIAGNOSE BACTERIAL SINUSITIS ------ SINUS ASPIRATION OF A TROCAR INTRODUCED INTO MAXILLARY SINUS THRU UPPER GINGIVAL RECESS PRESENCE OF SERUM WHAT ANTIBODY SUGGESTS AN ALLERGIC RESPONSE ------ IGE THIS TYPE OF RHINITIS IS AN ACUTE CONDITION ASSOCIATED WITH UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION ------ INFECTIOUS RHINITIS PRESENCE OF YELLOW GREEN DISCHARGE AND RED MUCOSA DESCRIBE ALLERGIC RHINITIS ------ RECURRENT RHINNORHEA WITH CLEAR, WATERY MUCUS, SNEEZING AND PRURITIS NASAL TURBINATES ARE PALE AND SWOLLEN TEST FOR DIAGNOSIS FOR ALLERGIC RHINITIS ------ PRESECE OF ESOSINOPHILS TO CONFIRM AN ALLERGIC RESPONSE HISTORY OF SMOKER, RECENT URI, WINTER MONTHS, FRONTAL HEADACHES MADE WORSE WITH FORWARD BENDING, FULLNESS AND PRESSURE, PURULENT, AND TOOTHACHE ------ ACUTE SINUSITIS HISTORY OF PREVIOUS SINUS INFECTIONS, DULL ACHE OR NO PAIN ------ CHRONIC SINUSITIS WHAT DOES THE EPIGLOTTIS DO ------ PREVENTS FOOD ENTERING LARYNX AND TRACHEA SYMPTOMS OF HOARSNESS FOR LESS THAN 3 WEEKS IS CONSIDERED ------ ACUTE LIKELY DUE TO A VIRAL UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION CHRONIC SYPTOMS OF HOARSNESS MAY BE DUE TO ------ GERD RECURRENT EPISODES OF HOARSNESS MAY BE DUE TO ------ ALLERGIES OR SINUSITIS PROGRESSIVE HOARSNESS MAY BE DUE TO ------ LESIONS SUCH AS LARYNGEAL OR HYPOPHARYNGEAL CYST ACUTE HOARSNESS IS WORSE AT WHAT TIME OF DAY ------ AFTERNOON OR EVENING HOARSNESS FROM BIRTH INDICATES ------ CONGENITAL LARYNGEAL WEB, CYST, PALSY LARYGOTRACHEOBROCHITIS IS ------ CROUP SYMPTOM OF HOARSNESS IS FOUND IN HYPER OR HYPOTHYROIDISMS ------ HYPOTHYROIDISM PARALYSIS OF VOCAL CORDS IS ------ UNILATERAL THESE ARE THE MOST COMMON LARYNGEAL LESIONS FOUND IN CHILDREN ------ LARYNGEAL PAPILLOMAS VOIC OVERUSE EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL IRRITANCE, HOARSNESS FOR LESS THAN 3 WEEKS, PHARYNGITIS EDEMA AND REDNESS OF VOCAL CORDS ------ ACUTE LARYNGITIS ADULTS WHO HAVE A RAPID ONSET OF SORE THROAT, DYSPNEA, HOARSNESS, THE CHILD ON THE OTHER HAND HAS DROOLING, FORWARD LEANING POSTURE, FROGLIKE VOICE, FEVER, DROOLING, AND RESPIRATORY DISTRESS ------ ACUTE EPIGLOTTITIS EDEMA OF LIPS AND TONGUE WITH BREATHY VOICE ------ ACUTE LARYNGEAL EDEMA CHRONIC HISTORY OF SMOKING, AND ALCHOL USE WITH MORE THAN 3 WEEKS OF HOARSNESS IS ------ CHRONIC LARYNGITIS HISTORY OF ALLERGIES, VOICE ABUSE SMOKER , PROGRESSIVE HOARSNESS, WORSE AT END OF DAY, HOARSNESS CAN CHANGE WITH POSITION ------ POLYPS HOARSNESS MAY BE ONLY SIGN, TRACHEAL DEVIATION, PAIN WITH ADVANCED TUMOR, SMOKING, CHRONIC ALCHOL ABUSE IS ------ NEOPLASM AURICLE IS ALSO KNOWN AS ------ PINNA CERUM IS SECRETED BY ------ SEBACEOUS GLANDS MIDDLE EAR CONTAINS ------ OSSICLES AND 3 SMALL BONES MALLEUS, INCUS AND STAPLES TRANSMIT SOUND FROM TYMPANIC MEMBRANE OT OVAL WINDOW OF EAR THE COCHLEA DOES WHAT ------ TRANSMITS IMPULSES HEARING TENDS TO DETERIORATE WITH DEGNERATION OF HAIR CELLS IN ORGAN OF CORTI AFTER AGE ------ 50 DETERIORATION OF SENSE OF SMELL RESULTS FROM ------ LOSS OF OLFACTORY SENSORY NERONS AGE 60 SENSE OF TASTE DETERIORATES AFTER AGE 50 DUE TO ------ DECREASE IN NUMBERS OF PAPILLAE ON TONGUE RISK FACTORS FOR ORAL CA ------ AFTER AGE 40 MEN MORE LIKELY, BLACK, ALCHOL USE, SMOKING, ANEMIA, HIV WHITISH URIC ACID CRYSTALS ALONG AURICLES MAY INDICATE ------ GOUT AN AURICLE THAT IS LOW SET OR UNUSUAL ANGLE INDICATES ------ CHROMOSOMAL OR RENAL DISORDERS A PURULENT, FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE IS ASSOCIATED WITH ------ OTTITIS OR FOREIGN BODY MOUSY SMELL EAR WAX ------ PROTEUS INFECTION MAPLE SYRUP SMELL OF EAR WAX COULD INDICATE ------ URINE DISEASE TUNING FORK IS ALSO WHAT TEST ------ WEBER OR RHINNE CHEILITIS IS ------ DRY CRACKED LIPS XEROSTOMIA IS ------ DRY MOUTH CAUSED BY INGESTION OF ANTICHOLINERGIC, OR ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS CAUSED BY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, SCLERODERMA (FIBROSIS OF SKIN), POLYMYOSITIS, AND SJORGREN SYNDROME FOUND IN HEAVY SMOKERS OTOSCLEROSIS IS HEREDITARY CONDITION IN WOMEN TINNITUS LOW TO MEDIUM PITCH CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS ------ 0 DEFINE DYSPNEA ------ SOB WHICH IS SUBJECTIVE SENSATION OF AIR HUNGER COMMON CAUSE OF ACUTE ONSET OF DYSPNEA IS ------ LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION WHAT CAUSES ACUTE EPIGLOTTITIS IN CHILDREN ------ HAEMOPHILS INFLUENZA WHAT HAPPENS TO THE TRACHEA IN EPIGLOTTITIS ------ INFLAMMATION OF EPIGLOTTITIS CAUSES EDEMA THAT OBSTRUCTS THE TRACHEAL AIRWAY PRESENTING SYMPTOMS OF EPIGLOTTITIS ------ DROOLING, DYSPHONIA, RESPIRATORY DISTRESS, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR AND PATIENT SITS UP AND FORWARD WITH JAW OPEN TO ASSIST IN AIR INTAKE DEFINE STATUS ASTHMATICUS ------ PROGRESSIVE BRONCHOSPASM FROM AN INCREASE IN AIRFLOW RESISTANCE THAT DOES NOT RESPOND TO PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTION S AND S OF STATUS ASTHMATICUS ------ FEVER, INCREASED PULSE AND RESPIRATIONS, USE OF ACCESSORY MUSCLES IS SEEN, WHEEZING MAY NOT BE HEARD S AND S OF ANAPHYLAXIS ------ NOT FEELING WELL, FLUSHING, GENERALIZED PRURITIS, FEAR, FAINTNESS, SNEEZING, EDEMA OF LARYNX, EPIGLOTTIS, PHARYNX THIS OCCURS MOST FREQUENTLY IN YOUNG PERSONS WITH STRENOUS ACTIVITY ------ SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOTHORAX S AND S OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM ------ SOB PLEURITIC CHES PAIN, BLOODY SPUTUM, FEVER RISK FACTORS FOR A PE ------ OVER 60 PULMONARY HYPERTENSION, CHF, COPD, ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE, STROKE AND CA FACTORS THAT CAN LEAD TO A THROMBIS ------ VENOUS STATIS, HYPERCOAGULABILITY, ENDOTHELIAL INJURY TO VESSEL LINING TRAUMA, MUSCLE SPASM OR CLOT DISSOLUTION CAN CAUSE A THROMBUS TO DISLODGE CREATING AN ------ EMBOLUS, EMBOLI CIRCULATE TO THE RIGHT SIDE OF HEART AND ENTER THE LUNGS VIA PULMONARY ARTERY IF NOT DISSOLVED IN LUNGS IT OCCULDES PULMONARY ARTERY AND BLOCKS BLOOD FLOW TO THE LUNGS DYSPNEA RESULTING FROM A PE IS ACCOMPANIED BY ------ FEVER, CHEST PAIN, RESTLESSNESS THERE IS AN INCREASED RISK OF WHAT IN ADOLESCENTS WHO HAVE SUSTAINED TRAUMATIC INJURY TO THEIR LOWER LIMBS ------ PE WHAT IS IN RBC OF CONTRACEPTIVES THAT INCREASE THE RISK OF ------ PE WHAT DRUGS INCREASE THE RISK OF PE ------ ANTICOAGULANTS, DIGITALIS, ACE INHIBITORS S AND S OF HEART FAILURE ------ PERIPHERAL EDEMA, ASCITES, COUGH, ORTHOPNEA (DIB WHEN LYING DOWN), PAROXYSMAL NOCTURURNAL DYSPNEA S AND S OF HYPERVENTILATION SYNDROME ------ DYSPNEA, LIGHTHEADED, PALPITATION, PARESTHESIAS, PERIORAL AND EXTREMETIES S AND S OF LARYGOMALCIA ------ NEONATE, INFANT HISTORY OF STRIDOR, URI, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR VASCULAR RING S AND S ------ BRASSY COUGH, DIFFICULTY IN SWALLOWING, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR WITH EXPIRATORY WHEEZE S AND S OF HEART FAILURE ------ DYSPNEOEA , COUGH, FROTHY SPUTURM, FATIGUE, LIGHTHEADED , SYNCOPE, WEIGHT GAIN, ANKLE SWELLING, PALPITATIONS, ORTHOPNEA. IN CHILDREN NOTICE SWEATING ABOVE LIP AND FOREHEAD WHEN EATING, ALSO JUGULAR VEIN DISTENSION, USE OF ACCESSORY MUSCLES TO BREATH, RALES, RHONICI, WHEEZES, TACHYCARDIA, REDUCED PERIPHERAL PULSES, COOL EXTREMEITEIES, ASCITES AND LIVER ENLARGEMENT S AND S OF ANEMIA ------ DYSPNEA ON EXERTION, FATIGUE, PALOPITATIONS, LIGHTHEADNESS, PALLOR, TACHPNEA, COOL DRY SKIN S AND S OF ASTHMA, ------ DYSPNEOA, PAROXYSMAL COUGH, AUDIBLE SHEEZE, HISTORY OF ALLERGIES AND WHEEZE, VOCAL FREMITUS, RDUCED BREATH SOUNDS, AND INSPIRATORY AND EXPIRATORY WHEEZES S AND S OF COPD ------ PROGRESSIVE DYSPNEOA ON EXERTION, PERSISTENT COUGH, REDUCED TACTILE FREMITUS, PURSED LIP BREATHING, REDDISH COMPLEXION, RAPID RESPIRATIONS, AND MUFFLED HEART SOUNDS S AND S OF PNEUMONIA, ------ DYSPNEA, COUGH, SPUTUM PRODUCTION, RUST, GREEN AND RED COLOR, PLEURITIC CHES PAIN, CHILLS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN IRRITABILITY AND FEEDING PROBLEMS S AND S OF PE ------ ACUTE ONSET OF DYSPNEA, COUGH, MILD TO SEVERE CHEST PAIN, HEMOPTYSIS, HX OF DVT, RECENT SURGERY, ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, HYPERCOAGULABILITY STATES, RESTLESS, FEVER, TACHYCARDIA, REDUCED BREATH SOUNDS, CRACKELES , WHEEZING, PLEURAL FRICTION RUB S AND S OF NASOPHARYNGITIS ------ ACUTE ONSET LOW GRADE FEVER, RHINNORHEA, COUGH AT NIGHT NASAL MUCOSA, RED AND SWOLLEN PHARYNX, MILDLY RED S AND S OF POSTNASAL DRAINAGE ------ COUGH AND SORE THYROID, MUCOID SECRETIONS IN PHARYNX, COBBLESTONE APPEARANCE OF POSTERIOR PHARYNX, TENDERNESS OF SINUSES S AND S OF ASTHMA ------ DRY, HACKING COUGH AT NIGHT WITH FEEDING AND LAUGHTER END EXPIRATORY WHEEZE, PROLONGED EXPIRATORY PHASE S AND S OF GERD ------ COUGH WORSE AT NIGHT SOUR TASTE IN MOUTH, HEARTBURN, HISTORY OF ESOPHAGITIS, ALCHOL AND CIG ABUSE, OVERWEIGHT COUGH AFTER EATING AND LYING DOWN S AND S OF CROUP ------ HISTORY OF URI, BRASSY, BARKLIKE COUGH, COUGH USUALLY AT NIGHT, LOW GRADE FEVER, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR, FLARING OF NARES, PROLOGED EXPIRATORY PHASE, SEE RETRACTION OF ACCESSORY MUSCLES, AND REDUCED BREATH SOUNDS S AND S OF ACUTE BRONCHITIS ------ LESS THAN 3 MONTHSS, WINTER MONTHS URI FOR 3-4 DAYS, HACKING COUGH THAT BECOMES PRODUCTIVE, COARSE FINE CRACKLES S AND S OF BRONCHIOLITIS (RSV) ------ GRUNTING, SNEEZING, COUGHING, EXPOSURE TO PASSIVE SMOKE S AND S OF CHLAMYDIAL PNEUMONIA ------ CONJUNCTIVITIS IN 50% OF KIDS, TACHYPNEA COUGH IN INFANTS 4-12 WEEKS S AND S OF MYCOPLASMAL PNEUMONIA ------ CHILD OR YOUNG ADULT, DRY COUGH, HEADACHE, MALAISE, SORE THROAT, FEVER, RALES, AND RHONCI ON AUSCULATION S AND S OF VIRAL URI ------ COUGH, NASAL CONGESTION, SORE THROAT, FEVER, CHILLS, MYALGIA, FEVER, PHARYNGITIS, ENLARGED ANTERIOR CERVICAL LYMPH NODES, NORMAL TM, NASAL MUCOSA ERYTHEMA S AND S OF PNEUMONIA ------ NOISY COUGH, DYSPNEA, PLEURITIC CHEST PAIN, SPUTUM PRODUCTION, YELLOW, GREEN OR RED COLOR, FEVER, TACHYCARDIA, INSPIRATORY CRACKKES, VOCAL FREMITUS, PERCUSSION DULL OR FLAT, BRNOCHOPHONY S AND S OF PERTUSSIS ------ PERSISTENT, HACKING COUGH, INSPIRATORY WHOOP, VOMITING, FEVER IS ABSENT BRASSY COUGH MOST COMMON SYMPTOMS OF ------ TB RECURRENT COUGH, WORSE AT NIGHT BECAUSE OF TRICLING OF INFECTED MUCUS FROM NASOPHARYNX DOWN PHARYNGEAL WALL. MAXILLARY SINUSES INVOLVES NOISY BREATHING AND SNORING, MUCOPURULENT SECRETIONS IS ------ CHRONIC SINUSITIS ALLERGIC RHNITIS S AND S ------ ALLERGIC SHINER, RHINNORHEA CLEAR AND WATERY, SKIN TEST FOR ALLERGIES IS POSITIVE DESCRIBE COUGH SEEN IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS ------ COUGH IS PRODUCTIVE SIGNS OF FAILURE TO THRIVE IS THE SWEAT CHLORIDE TEST HEMPTOSIS, WEIGHT LOSS, SOB, ENLARGED SUPRACLAVICULAR NODES ------ BRONCHOGENIC CA THIS DRUG CAUSES A COUGH THAT IS NON PRODUCTIVE, IRRITATING, TICKLING SENSATION ------ ACE INHIBITORS COUGH FOR LAST 3 MONTHS CAUSED BY SMOKING, DUST, RASPING, HACKING COUGH, BARREL CHEST, PROLONGED EXPIRATION, WHEEZING ------ CHRONIC BRONCHITIS WHAT IS THIS PATIENT COMPLAINTS OF HEARTBURN, AND SOUR TASTE IN MOUTH ------ GERD MOST COMMON CAUSE OF COUGH, DRY COUGH, THROAT CLEARING, NASAL CONGESTION, PHARYNX IS COBBLESTONE APPEARANCE ------ POSTNasal dRAINAGE SYNDROME INFLAMMATORY OR EDEMA OF SUBLOTTIC AREA CAUSING OBSTRUCTION OF LARYNX, TRACHEA, BRONCHI, HOARSENESS, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR, NORMAL EPIGLOTTIS ------ CROUP WHAT CAUSES CHLAMYDIAL PNEUMONIA ------ C TRACHOMATIS TRANSMITTED DURING DELIVERY MOST COMMN CAUSE OF INFECTION REDUCED RESPIRATIONS, FEVER, COUGH, HEADACHE, MALAISE, SORE THROAT, RALES AND RHONICI PRESENT ------ MYCOPLAMA PNEUMONIA SUPRASTERNAL AND SUPRACLAVICULAR RETRACTIONS ARE CAUSED BY ------ UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION WHAT TYPE OF RETRACTIONS OCCUR WITH LOWER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION DISEASE ------ INTERCOSTAL AND SUBCOSTAL RETRACTIONS If THERE IS A LOSS OF BORDER WITH THE HEART THERE IS A FLUFFY APPEARANCE, OR BUTTERFLY APPEARANCE IT MAY INDICATE ------ PULMONARY EDEMA, PNEUMONIA, OR A PE A HAIRLINE SHADOW, OR DARK BLACK WITH NO LUNG MARKINGS ON A CHEST XRAY MAY INDICATE ------ PNEUMOTHORAX AN ELEVATED DIAPHRAGMS, A FLATTENED DIAPHRAGM, ELEVATION ON LEFT, OR BILATERAL ELEVATION OF DIAPHRAGM ON XRAY MAY INDICATE ------ EMPHYSEMA, ASTHMA, OR TENSION PENUMORTHORAX THIS IS LIFE THREATENING CAUSE OF ACUTE CHEST PAIN WITH SUDDEN ONSET OF DYSPNEA ------ PE DESCRIBE TYPICAL ANGINAL PAIN ------ SUBSTERNAL HEAVINESS, PRESSURE, OR A SQUEEZING SENSATION AN ABRUPT TEARING PAIN, LOCATED IN THE ANTERIOR OR POSTERIOR CHEST WHICH MAY MIGRATE TO THE ARMS, ABDOMEN, BACK OR LEGS IS ------ AORTIC DISECTION MILD TO SEVER CHEST PAIN ONSET LOCATED IN THE LATERAL THORAX AND RADIATING TO THE IPSILATERAL SHOULDER, AND IS DESCRIBED AS SHARP OR TEARING IS A ------ PNEMOTHORAX THIS CHEST PAIN DOES NOT RADIATE AND IS LOCATED OVER AREA OF INFILTRATION IS ------ PNEUMONIA REPORTS OF NAUSEA, VOMITING, DIAPHORESIS, SOB, AND SYNCOPE IS ------ MI IRRITATION OF THE INTERCOSTAL NERVES AND IS A SUDDEN ONSET OF STABBING BURNING PAIN IS ------ NEURITIS DORSAL ROOT IRRITATION IS ASSOCATED WITH ------ HERPES INTENSE BURNING, KNIFELINKE MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE MAY BE PRESENT WITH A HISTORY OF ------ PALPITATIONS, B ADRENERGIC AGENTS OR THEOPHYLLINE A RUPTURED SPLLEN CAN CAUSE IRRITATION OF WHAT NERVE ------ PHRENIC NERVE, AND PRODUCES SHOULDER PAIN A SHARP PLEURITIC PAIN RELIEVED BY SITTING UPRIGHT AND LEANING FORWARD SUGGESTS ------ PERICARDITIS PAIN THAT IS AGGRAVATED BY CHEST WALL MOVEMENTS ESPECIALLY ALONG THE STERNAL BORDER IS ASSOCIATED WITH ------ COSTOCHONDRITIS ESOPHAGITIS IS THE MOST FREQUENT CAUSE OF CHEST PAIN AND IT IS DESCRIBED AS ------ HEARTBURN THIS IS REPORTED AS RIGHT ANTERIOR CHEST PAIN THAT RADIATES TO THE SHOULDER OR UPPER BACK ------ CHOLECYSTITIS LEFT UPPER QUADRANT PAIN OF ABDOMEN, RADIATING TO CHEST, SHOULDER AND ARM IS ------ PANCREATITIS AND IS ACCOMPANIED BY HYPOTENSION UNILATERAL PERSISTENT CHEST PAIN THAT IS PRURITIC, BURNING OR STABBING CONSIDER ------ HERPES ZOSTER MARFAN SYNDROME HAS WHAT TYPE OF HEART PROBLEM ------ MITRAL VALVE S AND S OF PE ------ DIAPHORETIC, ANXIOUS, RESPIRATIONS ARE RAPID, SPLINTING OF CHEST, AND PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS PATIENT WITH AORTIC CISSECTION MAY BE ------ HYPOTENSIVE AND UNEQUAL PERIPHERAL PULSES PERICARDITIS MAY BE ACOMMPANIED BY ------ FEVER, RAPID AND SHALLOW RESPIRATIONS AND HYPERTENSION MYOCARDITIS WILL PRESENT WITH ------ FEVER, RESPIRATORY DISTRESS AND PARADOXICAL PULSE PNEUMOTHORAX IS MANIFESTED BY ------ TACHYPNEA, AND UNEQUAL CHEST WALL EXCURSION SWEAT ON THE FOREHEAD OF AN INFANT MAY INDICATE ------ CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE TRACHEAL SHIFT OCCURS WITH A ------ PNEUMOTHORAX, AND IS DEVIATED TO THE OPPOSITE SIDE DURING EXHALATION COSTOCHONDRITIS WILL BE MANIFESTED BY PAIN WITH PALPATION OVER THE CARTILAGE BETWEEN STERNUM AND RIBS ------ STERNUM AND RIBS ARE BREATH SOUNDS AUDIBLE IN A PNEUMOTHORAX ------ NO WHAT SOUNDS WILL YOU GET WITH A PNEUMOTHORAX ------ HYPERRESONANT SOUND OF AN AIR FILLED CAVITY, SOUNDS IN PNEUMONIA PRODUCE A DULL OR FLAT SOUND IF BREATH SOUNDS ARE DIMINISHED OVER ALL LUNG FIELDS SUSPECT ------ COPD NORMAL LUNG SOUNDS ARE CALLED ------ ADVENTITIOUS WHAT SOUND CAN BE HEARD OVER THE SITE OF A PE ------ CRACKELES WHAT SOUND IS HEARD WITH A PATIENT WHO HAS PNEUMONIA ------ RHONICI WHAT SOUND IS A PLEURAL FRICTION RUB ------ GRATING OR SQUEAKING PARADOXICAL S2 DURING PAIN IS A USEFUL SIGN OF ------ CORONARY ISCHAEMIA A TRANSIENT PARADOXICAL S2 COULD INDICATE ------ HEART FAILURE, LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK A TRANSIENT S3 (VENTRICULAR GALLOP) OR MITRAL REGURGITATION MURMUR IS ASSOCIATED WITH ------ MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA, OR CHF AN S4 ATRIAL GALLOP TYPICALLY INDICATES ------ A STRESSED HEART WHICH MAY BE THE RESULT OF HYPERTENSION, MI OR CAD CAUSING HEART FAILURE IN CHILDEN A LOUD MURMUR, BEST AUDIBLE AT THE RIGHT STERNAL BORDER OR UPPER LEFT STERNAL BORDER WITH A THRILL MAY INDICATE A ------ CONGENITAL HEART DEFECT MIDSYSTOLIC CLICK/LATE SYSTOLIC MURMUR HONK IS HEARD WITH ------ MITRAL VALAVE PROLAPSE EPIGASTRIC PAIN WITH PALPATION MAY OCCUR WITH ------ ESOPHAGITIS OR PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE PAIN ON PALPATION IN RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT OF ABDOMEN IS ------ CHOLELITIASIS OR CHOLECYSTITIS PANCREATITIS PAIN IS FOUND IN ------ LEFT UPPER QUADRANT EXAM: CERUM CAN BE WHAT COLOR ------ ANY COLOR EXAM: WHAT DOES IMPACTION DO ------ CAUSES CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSSEXAM: EXAM: WHAT IS NEURO SENSORIAL LOSS ------ DAMAGE TO AUDITORY NERVES EXAM: S AND S OF IMPACTION ------ ITCHING DISCOMFORT, FULL FEELING, DIZZINESS, JAW FACIAL PAIN EXAM: RISK FACTORS FOR IMPACTION ------ HEARING AIDS, Q TIPS RECURRENT OTTITIS EXTERNA EXAM: S AND S OOF EXTERNAL OTITIS ------ SWIMMERS EARS, REDNESS, SCALING, VERY PAINFUL EXAM: ANTIBIOTICS CAN CAUSE WHAT IN THE EAR ------ YEAST INFECTION EXAM: EXOTOSIS IS FOUND IN PEOPLE WITH WHAT ------ SURFACES BONY GROWTH, SWIMMERS IN COLD WATER EXAM: ASIANS HAVE WHAT TYPE OF EAR WAX ------ DRY, WRINKLY EAR WAX EXAM: TYMPANIC MEMBRANE LOOKS LIKE WHAT COLOR AND THE LIGHT REFLEX CAN BE SEEN AT WHAT OCKLOCK ------ PEARLY GREY COLOR, AND 5 OR 7 OCKLOCK LIGHT REFLEX EXAM: WHEN DOCUMENTING TM AND BONLY LANDMARKS WHAT SHOULD YOUR WRITE ------ TM PEARLY GRAY, BONY LANDMARKS, AND LIGHT REFLEX VISUALIZED EXAM: S AND S OF ACUTE OTTITIS MEDIA ------ BULGING EAR DRUM, TYMPANIC MEMBRANE IS INJECTED DOCUMENT RED EXAM: RINNE TEST IS TESTING ------ BONE CONDUCTION EXAM: AIR SOUND IS HEARD ------ TWICE AS LONG AS BONE EXAM: CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS LATERALIZES TO THE ------ BAD EAR EXAM: SENSORNEURAL HEARING LOSS LATERALIZES TO THE ------ GOOD EAR EXAM: BATTLES SIGN IS FOUND IN A ------ BASAL SKULL FRACTURE BRUISING IS FOUND IN POST AURICLE REGION EXAM: IN RHNITIS S AND S ------ RUNNY NOSE, INFLAMMED MUCOSA WITH EDEMA, NASAL CONGESTION, CLEAR RHINNORHEA, COUGHING SORE THROAT, ITCHING PUFFINESS, FAMILY HISTORY OF ALLERGIES, ATOPIC, DERMATITIS EXAM: ALLERGIC RHNIITIS S AND S ------ COBBLESTONE THROAT, BOGGY MUCOSA IN NOSE, ENLARGED TURBINATES EXAM: NON ALLERGIC RHNNITIS S AND S ------ STRONG ODORS CAN CAUSE, SMELLING OF AMONIA, EMOTIONS EXAM: S AND S OF VIRAL RHINNITIS ------ COLD , COUGH, SNEEZING, POST NASAL DRIP EXAM: S AND S OF PND (POST NASAL DRIP) ------ CHRONIC COUGH, SORE THROAT, COMPLAINTS OF FEELING BACK OF THROAT EXAM: S AND S OF POLYPS IN NOSE ------ COMPLAINTS OF NASAL OBSTRUCTION, AND REDUCED SENSE OF SMELL, LOOKS LIKE SOFT TISSUE/HANGING GRAPES EXAM: WHAT IS ERYTHROPLAKIA ------ RED PATCH IN MOUTH MAY BE PRECANCEROUS, OFTEN ON FLOOR OF MOUTH EXAM: PYOGENIC GRANULOMA IS ------ BENIGN RED MASS EXAM: LOOKS LIKE LACE ALSO KNOWN AS WICKAM STRIAE WHITE PLAQUES IN MOUTH MORE COMMON IN WOMEN WILL NOT SCRAPE OFF ------ LINCHEN PLANUS EXAM: WHITE PATCHES IN MOUTH, MAY BE PRECANCEROUS WILL NOT SCRAPE OFF ------ LEUKOPLAKIA EXAM: THIS CAN BE CAUSED BY FUNGAL, DIABETES, PREGNANCY, STEROIDS, ANTIBIOTICS, AND IT IS POSITIVE FOR HYPHAE SPORES OFTEN PAINFUL ON A RED BASE ------ CANDIDIASIS EXAM: A HAIRY TONGUE THAT IS BENIGN IS DUE TO ------ ANTIBIOTIC USE EXAM: APTHOUS ULCER IS WHAT AND WHAT ARE THE S AND S ------ CANKER SORE/YELLOW LESION THERE IS A HALO AROUND IT DARK RED AROUND EXAM: S AND S OF BACTERIAL PHARYNGITIS ------ ALWAYS GIVE ANTIBIOTICS, CAUSED BY STREP GROUP AB EXAM: INCUBATION PERIOD FOR STREP THROAT ------ 3-5 DAYS EXAM: STREP THROAT CAN LEAD TO ------ RHEMATIC FEVER, PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS, OR GLOMERULONEPHRITIS EXAM: S AND S OF PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS ------ IT IS ONE SIDED , TRISMUS CREATES LOCKJAW, DROOLING, MUFFLED VOICE IS DESCRIBED AS A HOT POTATOES, SWOLLEN TONSILS EXAM: DROOLING CAN BE FOUND IN THESE CONDITIONS ------ PERITONSILLAR ABCESS AND EPIGLOTTITIS EXAM: S AND S OF BACTERIAL PHARYNGITIS ------ WINTER/SPRING, FEVER, GI SYMPTOMS, INFLAMMATORY PHARYNX, NO COUGH, SORE THROAT, EXCUDATE ON PHARYNX, SWOLLEN OVULA, GREY FURRY TONGUE
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