Choose Correct Options For Following Sociology Flashcards

1. Max Weber considered an individual’s social position to be:

· A matter of economic class

· A matter of social status or prestige

· A matter of power

· All of the Above

2. The concept “meritocracy” refers to social stratification:

· With no social mobility

· In which all people “know their place”

· Based entirely on personal merit

· As it is commonly found in agrarian societies

3. According to Simon Kuznets, in which societal type is the extent of social stratification greatest?

· Hunting and gathering

· Horticultural/pastoral

· Agrarian

· Industrial

4. Which of the following concepts refers to change in social position during a person’s lifetime?

· Intragenerational social mobility

· Intergenerational social mobility

· Structural social mobility

· Horizontal social mobility

5. The caste history of Great Britain is still evident today in the importance people there attach to:

· Going to college

· Social mobility

· Money

· Accent in speech

8. All of the following are goals of feminism, except for:

· Eliminating gender stratification

· Ending sexual violence

· Expanding human choice

· Opposing the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)

6. Of the following statements about jobs, which is NOT true?

· Most of the highest-ranked occupations in the US are dominated by women

· Occupational rankings are much the same in all high-income nations

· Most high-prestige occupations require extensive education and training

· Occupations are a source of both prestige and income

7. In 2008, women held about what share of seats in Congress?

· 16%

· 36%

· 56%

· 76%

10. Young men show greater ______ ability than young women; young women show greater _____ ability than young men.

· Intellectual/sensory

· Mathematical/verbal

· Verbal/mathematical

· Sensory/intellectual

11. What is the form of social organization in which females dominate males?

· Patriarchy

· Matriarchy

· Monarchy

· Gerontoarchy

13. Modernization theory identifies which of the following as the greatest barrier to economic development?

· Having too few people

· Multinational corporations

· Capitalism

· Tradition

14. The global region that has seen the greatest reduction in poverty is:

· Asia

· Africa

· Latin America

· All of the above

15. Dependency theory differs from modernization theory by:

· Making poor nations responsible for their own fate

· Supporting capitalism as a path to development

· Explaining global inequality in terms of the exploitation of poor countries by rich countries

· Claiming the economic development is not a desirable goal

16. What is Immanuel Wallerstein’s term for the middle-income countries of the world?

· Core

· Semiperiphery

· Periphery

· Colonies

17. A social theorist who contributed to the development of dependency theory by tracing the growth of the capitalist world economy is:

· Max Weber

· Emile Durkheim

· W.W. Rostow

· Immanuel Wallerstein

18. Of all the people in the world who live in absolute poverty, what share are women?

· 20%

· 35%

· 50%

· 70%

19. The US is not truly pluralistic because:

· Some people still live in “ethnic enclaves”

· Of our history of slavery

· Racial and ethnic categories do not have roughly equal social standing

· All of the above

20. A minority is defined as a category of people who are:

· New to a country and disadvantaged

· Less than half the total population

· Different in some visible way and also socially disadvantaged

· Different from the majority in terms of culture

21. A national civil rights movement, which ended legal support for most cases of racial discrimination, took place during the:

· Second World War

· 1950s and 1960s

· 1970s

· 1990s

22. Authoritarian personality theory states that extreme prejudice is:

· A trait of most people

· A trait of certain individuals raised to see some categories of people dominating others

· Found among poor and disadvantaged people

· Less common in today’s society

23. The Holocaust, in which the Nazis murdered millions of Jews, is an example of:

· Assimilation

· Genocide

· Miscegenation

· Hypersegregation

24. Which of the following statements is correct?

· Half of the ten largest US cities have elected black mayors

· In early 2008, just one US senator was African American

· In early 2008, two out of fifty states have African American governors

· All of the above

25. Durkheim’s concept of organic solidarity corresponds to Tonnies’ concept of:

· Gemeinschaft

· Gesellschaft

· Blasé urbanite

· Specialization

26. Demographic change in the US over the course of the last century included a trend toward:

· Smaller household size

· A larger share of elderly people

· Migration, often to cities

· All of the above

David Riesman described “other-directed social character” as:

· Conformity to the latest fashions and fads

· Rigid conformity to traditional ways of life

· Being highly individualistic

· All of the above

28. Emile Durkheim claimed that the defining trait of modernity is:

· Shared faith in established tradition

· Strong kinship

· Common beliefs that bind people together

· Specialization and makes people interdependent on one another

29. Which type of social movement seeks radical change in all of society?

· Alterative social movement

· Redemptive social movement

· Reformative social movement

· Revolutionary social movement

30. Sociologists point out that:

· Some societies change and others do not

· Social change is inevitable

· Social change is always expected

· All of the above