"doctor's plot" |
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Attempted to get rid of Jewish doctors |
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de-Stalinization |
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Movement led by Khrushchev to reduce the influence of Stalin in the Soviet Union |
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Nikita Khrushchev |
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Replaced Stalin in 1955, led the "de- Stalinization" movement. Accused Stalin of creating a "cult of Personality" |
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Gary Francis Powers |
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Pilot of a U-2 spy plane that was shot down on May 1, 1960 despite the "Free Skies" proposal in 1955 |
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John F. Kennedy |
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Elected president in 1961, supported aggressive foreign policy to impress the Soviets. |
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Aleksei Kosygin |
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Soviet Satesman, and Premier of the Soveit Union (1964-1980) |
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Leonid Brezhnev |
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General secretary of the communist party, rose to power by the 1970's, kept power until 1982, reversed the de-Stalinization efforts |
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Alexander Solzhenitsyn |
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Dissident that refused to be quieted. Wrote The Gulag Archipelago,eventually deported to the U.S. |
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Dr. Andrea Sakharov |
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Scientist who invented Soviet Hydrogen bomb, denounced arms races and exiled to Gorki |
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Eleana Bonner |
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Wife of Sakharov, claimed to be unable to leave country because of emergency heart surgery |
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Richard Nixon |
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Met with Brezhnev at Moscow Conference in 1972, meeting led to Signing of SALT I |
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Josip Broz Tito |
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Leader of the communist party in Yugoslavia, fought Germans in WWII, wanted to develop own policies, not use Stalin's |
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Wladyslaw Gomulka |
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Became leader of Poland after 1956 workers revolt. Anti-Soviet communist, freed political prisoners, reopened relations with catholic church |
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Imre Nagy |
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elected Prime Minister of Hungary twice, announced Hungary's neutrality and withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact in 1956 |
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Janos Kadar |
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Replaced Nagy after Soviets invaded Hungary |
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Antonin Novotny |
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Communist leader in Czechoslavakia, was extremely rigid, De-Satlinization did not being unti the 1960s |
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Aexander Dubcek |
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Liberal communist leader that replaced Novotny in 1968 |
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"Cult of Personality" |
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Boasting his own image at the expensive of the party |
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Peaceful Coexsistence |
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Competing with the United States, but avoiding war and confict |
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Sputnik I |
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First spaceship launched 1957 |
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Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles |
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Long range rockets that were tested by both the US and Soviet Union in the 1950's |
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Mutual Assured Destruction |
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Certain destruction of both nations |
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U-2 |
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Spy planes flown during the Cold War |
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Cuban Missile Crisis |
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Most Significant event of the cold war, US blockaded Soviet Missile bases in Cuba. |
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" hot line" |
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Phone line installed between the Kremlin and the White House in 1963 |
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Dissidents |
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Someone who openly criticizes poicies of his/her government |
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The Gulag Archipelago |
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Written by Sozhenitsyn, an extreme dissident |
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Gorki |
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Nation that Dr. Sakharov was exiled to. |
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Detente |
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The relaxing of tensions between the U.S. and Soviet Unions in the 1970's |
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SALT I |
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Strategic Arms Limitation Agreement Treaty- Bothe sides agreed to limit number of nucs they had. Did not end the arms race. |
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Moscow Conference |
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1972- Nixon met with Brezhnev led to 7 years of Detente and the signing of SALT I |
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"Brain Drain" |
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Nickname fore period in 1953 following the escape of 3 million East Germans by way of West Berlin |
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Brezhnev Doctorine |
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Document telling the west to stay out of Eastern Europe. |
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The Berlin Wall |
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Wall between East and West Berlin constructed in 1961 |
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20th Congress od Soviet Communist Party |
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Held in Moscow (1956) Khrushchev gave controversial speech about Stalin |
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"Cold War Thaw" |
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1950's both sides wanted to reduce tensions |
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Paris Summit |
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Four power meeting planned in Paris during May of 1960 |
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October 1964 |
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Khruschev removed from office |
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Titoism |
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Tendency of some communists to place their national interests about that of the Soviet Union |
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War Saw Pact |
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name given to the treaty between Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviets |
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Camp David |
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Town in Massachusettes where a summit meeting was held in 1959 |
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Afghanistan |
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The Soviet's Vietnam, they invaded and could not win. |
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Yugoslavia |
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Only large European communist state to resis soviet control |
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East Berlin |
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Area on the east side of The Berlin Wall |
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West Berlin |
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Area on the west side of The Berlin Wall |
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Poland |
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Industrialized under communist rule, poles resented Soviet ruling |
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Hungary |
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Agricultural nation, experienced harsh communist rule after 1947 |
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Czechoslavakia |
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Last eastern European country to become communist |
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