Our tendency to see objects as relatively stable and unchanging despite changing sensory information is called perceptual __________. |
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constancy |
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The senses that monitor our equilibrium and awareness of body position in space are the ________ senses. |
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vestibular |
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Flavor is |
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a combination of taste and smell |
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When John drives his car at night, he finds that he can barely see traffic and street signs if he looks directly at them. He can increase his sensitivity by looking at the signs. |
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out of the side of his eye (using more rods) instead of focusing directly on the (using more cons) |
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The range of electromagnetic wavelengths that we can see is called the |
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visible spectrum |
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The minimum intensity of physical stimulation required to produce any sensations at all in a person is the _______. |
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absolute threshold |
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Experiencing MEANINGFUL patterns in the jumble of sensory information received by the brain is _______. |
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perception |
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Weber's Law states that a just noticeable change in a stimulus magnitude is _____ the original stimulus magnitude. |
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Proportional to |
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Figure-ground is to _____ as dream interpretation is to psychoanalysis |
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Gestalt |
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Texture gradient refers to the fact that texture appears to become____. |
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less detailed in the distance |
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Adaptation is the process in which |
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receptor sensitivity changes depending upon the intensity of the stimulus |
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Which Gestalt law of organization must always occur even if other laws of organization are also illustrated? |
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figure-round |
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Perceiving incomplete objects as complete define: |
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closure |
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The distance cue in which two parallel lines extend into the distance and seem to come together at one point is called _____. |
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linear perspective |
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Which of the following is an example of monocular cue? |
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the trees in a forest converging in the distance |
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Which Gestalt law of organization must always occure even if the other laws of organization are also illustrated? |
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figure-ground |
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The place theory and the frequency theory help explain ____ |
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how a wide range of frequencies is heard by the ear |
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The flexible membrane inside the cochlea is called the |
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basilar membrane |
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The vestibular sense governs our awareness of ____ |
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equilibrium |
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Which of the following statements is true? |
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Both the absolute threshold and the difference threshold vary from person to person overtime |
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The structures in the inner ear that are particularly sensitive to body rotation are the ____ |
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semicircular canals |
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__________ are receptors that are best for seeing details |
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cones |
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The smallest change in stimulation that can be detected 50 percent of the time is called the _____. |
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difference threshold |
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The shape of the lens adjusts in order to ____ |
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focus on different objects at different distances |
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The components in the sense organs that respond to energy are called ___. |
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receptor cells |
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Perrone's result, using a rigid box moving away from the observer, suggests that the contraction the retinal image causes the observer to perceive that the box was moving away and getting smaller. The perception of the box getting smaller SEEMS to violate which of the following? |
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size constancy |
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Research on the sense of touch has found that if two objects touch the skin very close to each other, they will be perceived as only one object. The smallest distance between the two objects which can still be felt as two distinct objects is the _____. |
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two-point threshold |
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The height of a sound wave represents its ____. |
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amplitude |
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in the figure above, seeing rows of 0s and rows of xs illustrates the Gesalt law of ____ |
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similarity |
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Hertz is a unit of measurement of _____. |
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frequency |
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Sensation is to ___ as perception is to _____. |
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gathering; understanding |
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Elements that share common features such as size, shape, or color are viewed as a set. This defines which Gestalt law of organization? |
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similarity. |
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the Young-Helmholtz theory of color vision assumes that: |
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there are three diferent types of cones |
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Perceptions differ from sensation in that; |
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perceptions depend as much on prior eperience as they do on neural cues traveling between the receptors and the brain |
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Shadowin is cue to ___. |
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depth perception |
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What sensations are detected by the skin, |
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pressure, pain, warmth and cold |
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__ tried to analyze sensation and perception separately, and _____ insisted on a unified analysis of sensations and perceptions |
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structuralists; gestalt psychologists |
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The wavelenght of light to reach your eyes determines what_____ you see. |
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brightness |
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Some pictures are intentionally designed so that one can see two differnet images in the same picture. This is called ____ |
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figure-round reversal |
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the opponent-process theory of color vision contends that color vision is a result of |
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calculation of differences in the firing rates of three types of retinal cells |
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