Can You Answer These Science Of Glaciers Flashcards

Which of the followiing landscapes were not carved by glaciers? the Grand Canyon A glacier forms when snow accumulates to form ice and the ice mass begins to flow under its own weight. The water table is found at the top of the zone of saturation Caves and caverns are formed in carbonate rock by reaction of carbonic acid released into the groundwater The flow of a glacier begins after it has reached a critical mass. Water able to be contained in the subsurface depends on porosity The flow of ground is dependent on hydraulic conductivity and pressure Which has the longest residence time polar ice caps and glaciers The most important agent of erosion is water The depositionaal landform at the farthest advance of a glacier is called a terminal moraine As a large reservoir behind a new dam fills with water, what happens to the water table in the vicinity of the reservoir the water table rises V-shaped valleys are common in mountainous regions Through which of the following is the infiltration of water greatest? sandy soil When a perched water table intersects the surface on a hillside, the result is a spring In a delta environment the first grains to settle are coarse-grained sediment The discharge of a stream is directly related to the cross-sectional area of a channel and the average stream velocity Evaporation and precipitation are greatest over the oceans Movement of water erodes stream channels. The main source of erosion comes from physical abrasion of water and rock particles As water flows around a river meander, erosion occurs on the outside of the meander In a delta environment we find that fine-grained sediments settle far away from the mouth of the stream channel Water precipitation over land completes its cycle as it all of these Of the three agents of erosion-water, wind, and ice- the one with the ability to move only the smallest particles is wind Evaportation and pprecipitatioin are in balance over the oceans Glaciers lose mass by melting and calving In a meandering stream, dposition of sediment occurs on the inner side of a meander Glacial debris is generally a mishmash of shapes and sizes Stalactites from from water rich in calciium dripping from a cave ceiling and from a cave ceiling downward Which of the following is a necessary condition for an ice mass to be a glacier the ice mass must move under its own weight The principal cause of erosion and transportation of sediment in a desert environment is water The most powerful agent of erosion is glacial action Common galcial landforms created of drift include moraines and drumlins What determines the maximum sediment load of a stream stream discharge The necessary condition to produce an artesian system is a confined aquifer under sufficient pressure Deltas form as streams enter a standing body of water In a well in an unconfined aquifer,what is the highest level water can rise to if there is no pump? to the level of the water table Stream velocity is dependant on gradient, channel geometry,and discharge Point bars typically form on the inside of a curved stream channel The flow of groundwater depends on hydraulic gradient and hydraulic conductivity Stream velocity is faster in a stream with a very steep gradient On a floodplain, stream flow is generally meandering Glaciers will retreat when the amount of accumulation is less than the amount of ablation each year The formations of rock hanging from the roofs of caves are called stalactites As sediment travels in a downstream river, it changes by getting finer Where does most rainfall on Earth finally end up before becoming rain again? in the oceans The transport of large particle sizes is greatest when steam speed is very fast Stalactites form from water rich in calcium dripping from a cave ceiling and from a cave ceiling downward Most of the Earth's fresh water is located in polar ice caps and glaciers The most common drainage network is the dentritic drainage pattern Headward erosion of a group of cirques around a mountain may produce a horn Which of the following is not involved in cave formation in limestone? land subsidence The capacity a material has for transmitting fluids is known as its permeability Landforms created by glacial erosion include hanging valleys, cirques, and roches moutonnees. A moraine is a glacier deposit Land subsidence is generally not reversible because the compacted clay layers cannot be expanded Water in the unsaturated zone is called soil-moisture When subsurface ground material is completely saturated with water, we call it groundwater and the saturated zone As water is withdrawn from a well, the water table around the well drops, creating a cone of depression Snow converts to glacial ice when subjected to pressure The greater the hydraulic gradient the the faster the flow The typical mountain valley that has been subjected to glaciation is shaped like The letter "U" Water is vital to life on our planet. Most of the Earth's water supply is in the oceans The maximum volume of sediment a stream can carry is dependent on the stream's discharge Streams transport great quantities of sediment. The most effective transport of sediment occurs in turbulent flow The poorest absorber of water is rocky surfaces with no soil layer A rock with very low porosity will most often have a low permeability The headwater flow of a mountain stream is generally characterized as turbulent On a floodplain, the sediment grains away from the main river channel are fine-grained silts and clays As streams move downslope, channel dimension generally widens Blocks of ice buried in a glacial moraine often result in the formation of small glaciel lakes The region above the zone of saturation is called the zone of aeration The driving force of our planet's hydrologic cycle comes from solar energy The necessary condition to produce an artesian system is a confined aquifer under sufficient pressure Precipitation exceeds evaporation over the continents The Mississippi River has a huge water and sediment capacity. As such, the river also has a huge delta. With each year and each episode of deposition, the course of the river lengthens and the delta grows The annual amount of snow lost by a glacier is called ablation What is the lowest level to which water can erode land? sea level As water flows around a river meander, erosion occurs on the outside of the meander In a meandering river, erosion is most notable on on the outer side of the meander In general, sinkholes are found in areas dominated by limestone Over withdrawal of groundwater causes ground subsidence in areas underlain by unconsolidated sediments Within a stream channel, the speed of stream flow is greatest in the middle of the channel at the water's surface