How Well Do You Know About Formations And Overview About Igneous Rock Flashcards

Igneous rock is formed from crystallization of molten magma In a sedimentary rock, small rounded particles indicate long distance and long travel time The most common outpouring of lava occurs as fissure eruptions As the process of crystallization continues (from molten liquid to solid crystal) the composition of the molten liquid becomes both depleted in the minerals that have already crystallized and enriched in the minerals that have yet to crystallize The majority of surface rocks are sedimentary Rocks with a high water content have a lower melting point The layered appearance of foliated metamorphic rocks is due to the realignment of sheet-structured minerals so that they are perpendicular to compressive forces. As rock is heated, the first minerals to melt are those with the lowest melting point Plutons form from magma below the earth's surface A foliated metamorphic rock derived from granite is gneiss For the crystallization of minerals from a magma melting point determines which mineral will form first. For evaporite minerals solubility determines which mineral will form first Rocks can begin to melt if all of these Most minerals can be identified by easily observable physical properties. In order of most useful to least useful, the identifiable physical properties are hardness, cleavage, density, crystal form, and color Mica is not found in quartzite Minerals that have strong bonds between flat crystal surfaces tend to show poor cleavage Layers of limestone in a rock outcrop often indicate that the area had at some time been covered by water The most violent volcanic explosions are generated from andesitic lava flows For the crystallization of minerals from a magma melting point determines which mineral will form first. For evaporite minerals solubility determines which mineral will form first Color is not a reliable means for mineral identification because minerals come in a variety of colors, and chemical impurities in the mineral can affect color Basaltic volcanic eruptions tend to be very fluid and have a low viscosity In contact metamorphism, we generally find dry, high-temperature rocks at the contact border The three most common cementing agents in a sedimentary rock are calcite, silica, and iron oxide The three sources that brought young Earth to its melting point were impact heating, gravitational contraction heating, radioactive decay heating. Similar to the crystallization of silicate minerals, the crystallization of evaporite minerals occurs in a step-by-step process. The evaporite minerals that are the most difficult to dissolve precipitate first followed by the minerals that dissolve more easily A mineral deposit can be classified as an ore deposit when valuable metals in the deposit can be mined at a profit Most of the batholithic-sized plutons found in the continents are composed of granite In a wet and humid climate, the mineral halite will succumb to weathering more easily than granite because all of these The two most common igneous rocks are basalt and granite. Basalt is commonly found ________, and granite is found ________. on both the ocean floor and continental land; only on the continents. Foliation in metamorphic rocks is due to directed stress, which causes elongated minerals to orient themselves in parallel planes perpendicular to the direction of maximum stress.