Phonics
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}Based on the subskill theory
of teaching reading.
}Students must master
a certain set of skills before they can read
}It’s like learning
all the notes before you play the piano.
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What is the content of
Phonics
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}Vowels:
}A,E,I,O,U and
sometimes Y
}Let’s practice the
long and short sounds.
}When is Y a vowel?
◦Rule: Every syllable has a vowel
EX: Myth (middle
position)
EX: Happy (final
position)
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Consonants |
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}All other letters
other than vowels
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Consonat
Blends/Clusters |
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}Two or more adjacent
consonant letters whose sounds are blended together, with each sound retaining
its identity.
}
}Ex: fr in frame
cl in click – You hear each sound separately.
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Consonant Digraphs |
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}Two adjacent
consonant letters that represent a single speech sound
constitute a digraph. Di =
two Graph= Letter
}
}EX: sh, ch, --You
hear only one sound. There are
only a few consonant digraphs.
See your
handout for regular and variant digraphs |
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Vowel Digraphs |
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}Two adjacent vowel
letters that represent a single speech sound constitute a vowel
}When two vowels go a
walking the first one does the talking – most of the time. . . J
◦Rain, peak, seek, treat, BUT WHAT ABOUT THE
VARIANTS? Like bread, reign, rein,
Context is needed!
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Diphthongs: (Greek for
“having two sounds) |
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}Vowel sounds that are
so closely blended that they can be treated as a single vowel unit for the
purposes of identification.
◦EX: oi as in oil
◦ ou as in out
◦ ow as in cow
◦ oy as in toy
Can you hear them? J
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Prerequisites for
phonics instruction |
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}Visual Discrimination
}
}Audio Discrimination
}
}Phonemic Awareness
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Generalizations: |
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}C & G
}
}Hard sound when
followed by a,o,u – Cat—draw picture
}Soft sound when
followed e,i,y Ex: Center City had a cyclone.
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Generalizations |
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}When two
like consonants are next to each other, only one is sounded: EX: hall
}Ch
usually has the sound heard in church, although it sometimes sounds like sh or k (chef, chord)
}When kn are the first two
letters in a word, the k is not sounded. EX: knight
}When wr are the w is not
sounded.
}When ck are the last two letters in a word, the sound of k is given
(ex: check, brick)
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Generalizations |
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}The sound
of a vowel preceding r is
usually neither long nor short. R
controlled vowel Ex: car, fir, her
}In the
vowel combinations oa,ee,ai, an ay the first vowel is generally long and the second
one is not sounded EX: boat, feet, rain, play
}The
double vowels oi,oy, and ou usually form diphthongs. The ow combination may also form a diphthong, although it
frequently stands for the long o sound. Ex: boil
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Generalizations |
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}If a word
has only one vowel that vowel is at the end of the word, the vowel usually
represents its long sound. EX: me, go
}If a word
has only one vowel and that vowel is not at the end of the word, the vowel
usually represents its short sound. EX: set, man, cut, hop, list)
}If a word
has two vowels and one is a final e, the
first vowel is usually long and the final e is not
sounded: EX: cape, cute, cove, kite
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Open syllables |
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}Hi– long
}Go--long
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Closed Syllables – the
vowel is “closed up by a consonant” |
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}Usually has a short
sound
}Ho----t
}Hot
}No----t
}not
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Syllable division |
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}Mark the
vowels underline the first two vowels and mark a V underneath them.
}Draw a
bridge to connect the vowels
}Label /c/ under
all the consonants that fall between the two marked vowels.
}Identify
the syllable pattern. (vc/cv, v/cv, vc/c or v/v.)
}Identify
each syllable type (open etc.)
}Read the
word!
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Syllable Types |
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}Closed: A short vowel
sound –Example hit
}Open: A long vowel
sound – Example hi
}Magic E-cake
}Vowel teams/digraphs
– vowel is long: see/boat
}Bossy R/ R controlled
vowel – EX: girl
}Diphthong: ow,ou,oi- Example
cow
}Consonant/LE- example
handle
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add slide from 21 to 31 |
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what tthat slide said |
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