- 6 Imperatives for Studying Intercultural Communication
|
|
1. peace imperative
2. economic imperative
3. technology imperative
4. demographic imperative
5.self- awareness imperative
6. Ethics imperative
|
| |
4 building Blocks of Studying Intercultural Communication
|
|
1. Culture
2. Communication
3. Context
4. Power
|
| |
6 factors of Culture
|
|
1. learned
2. perceptions and values
3. involves feelings
4. expressed
5. Dynamic and heterogeneous
6. Shared
|
| |
4 barriers to studying intercultural communication
|
|
1. ethnocentrism
2. Discrimination
3. prejudice
4. stereotyping
|
| |
political, intellectual, social histories
|
|
political histories- documented
intellectual- transmission and development of ideas
social- everyday occurrences
|
| |
Family Histories
|
|
Occur
at same time as other histories- Personal
level
- Passed
orally
Hidden
histories can be revealed through DNA testing |
| |
National Histories
|
|
Based
on past events and figures important to that nation- Solidifies
sense of nationhood
- U.S.
students rarely learn about histories of other nations
|
| |
cultural group history
|
|
- History
of cultural group within a nation
- Includes
where group originated, why ppl migrated, development of cultural traits
|
| |
"grand narrative"
|
|
only one way of looking at past
|
| |
7 non mainstream histories
|
|
- 1. Religious
- 2. Gender
- 3.Sexual
orientation
- 4. Racial
and ethnic
- 5. Diasporic-
ways in which international culture groups were created through
transnational migrations, slavery, religious crusades and other historical forces
- 6. Colonial-
- 7. Socioeconomic
class
|
| |
6 elements of the definition "identity"
|
|
1. created through communication
2. created in spurts
3. multiple
4. influenced by society
5. dynamic
6. different ways in different cultures
|
| |
u- curve theory
|
|
1. excitement
2. culture shock
3. Adaptation
|
| |
4 components of language
|
|
1. phonology
2. semantics
3. syntactics
4. pragmatic
|
| |
5 functions of language
|
|
1. give information- ex: assignment explanation
2. control other's behavior- ex: persuasive
3. communicate feelings- ex: "i love you"
4. Participating in rituals- ex: prayer
5. Execute plans- ex: meeting deligation
|
| |
|
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis |
|
the language we speak determines our perception of reality
ex: native American languages- no possessive, Spanish formality
|
| |
high context
|
|
understanding messages without direct verbal statement
ex: Japan
|
| |
low context
|
|
explicit verbal statements "mean what you say"
ex: America
|
| |
bilingualism
multilingualism
|
|
bilingualism- speaking 2 languages
multilingualism- speaking more than two languages
|
| |
|
translation |
|
producing a written text from something said
- source text- original
-target text- translated text
|
| |
interpretation
|
|
verbally expressing what is said or written in another language
|
| |
|
phonology |
|
study of the sound system of language
How words are pronounced
|
| |
|
semantics |
|
study of the meaning of language
|
| |
|
sytactics |
|
study of the structure of language
|
| |
|
pragmatics |
|
study of how language is used in the context
5 functions of language
|
| |
