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Every team member is responsible to prevent injuries. Priority of safety on the fireground is: (3 in order).prevent injuries.
•Priority of safety on the fireground is |
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1. Self
2. Other team members
3. Everyone else |
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A successful safety program will adress: (4) |
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1. Standards & procedures
2. Personnel
3. Training
4. Equipment |
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Each year about how many FFs are killed? |
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100 |
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Leading cause of death for FFs is |
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Heart attacks |
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Vehicle collisions - how many? 27% of fatalaties involved what? |
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1 collision per 1000 responses. 27% of fatalaties involved ejections. Wear your seatbelt. |
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Healthful lifestyle includes: (3) |
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1. a balanced diet
2. weight training
3. cardio |
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What are the benefits of a healthful lifestyle? (2) |
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1. reduce risk for heart disease
2. enable FFs to meet physical demands of job |
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How many FFs are fatally injured during training each year. |
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about 9 |
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Safety at emergency incidents includes: (10) |
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1. wait for officer in command to size up
2. use the buddy system
3. personnel acountability system
4. understand scence hazards
5. use tools & equip. safely
6. electrical safety
7. good lifting & moving techniques
8. weather safety
9. sufficient time in rehab.
10. violent scene safety
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The buddy system includes: (6) |
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1. never work alone
2. if one team member needs to leave, everyone leaves
3. maintain visual, physical, or verbal contact at all times
4. check each other's PPE
5. have one radio per team
6. have a back-up team ready |
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PPE is essential to FF safety. It must provide full body protection from a variety of hazards. It includes: (10) |
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1. helmet - hard outer shell lined with energy absorbing material and suspension, with goggles or facemask
2. hood
3. turnout coat
4. bunker pants
5. boots
6. gloves
7. SCBA (Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus)
8. PASS (Personal Alert Safety System)
9. hand light
10. radio (one/team)
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IDLH |
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Immediately Dangerous to Life & Health |
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Respiratory hazards of fire: (4) |
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1. superheated air
2. toxic gases
3. oxygen-deficiency
4. smoke |
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Primary toxic gases in smoke: (3) |
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1. carbon monoxide
2. hydrogen cyanide
3. phosgene |
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Percentages of Oxygen and their affects:
21%
19.5%
17%
12%
9%
6% |
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Normal
Oxygen Deficient
Increased resp., Impaired judgement, coordination, & muscle control
Headache, diziness, nauseau, fatigue
Unconsciousness
Resp. Arrest, Cardiac Arrest, Death |
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Golden rule regarding hazardous air |
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Assume the atmosphere is hazardous until it has been tested and proven to be safe |
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Open-circuit SCBA |
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most common for structural FF, exhaled air is released into the atmosphere through one way valve |
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Closed-cirucuit SCBA |
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rarely used for structural FF, air is recycled by adding oxygen and removing carbon dioxide within closed system |
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Supplied air respirator |
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hoseline to air compressor, sometiems used for special ops |
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Types of protection furnished by PPE: (7) |
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1. Thermal
2. Water
3. Impact
4. cuts & abrasions
5. padding against injury
6. increases your visibility
7. respiratory
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Minimum SCBA time limit?
Weight of SCBA? |
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30 minutes
25 lbs |
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Components of SCBA (4) |
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1. backpack
2. harness
3. air cylinder with shut off valve & pressure gauge
4. regulator |
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Pre-donning SCBA check: (6) |
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1. at least 90% pressure
2. activate donning/doffing switch
3. open cylinder valve 2 or 3 turns, listen for low air alarm, open valve fully
4. both pressure gauges should be within 100 psi of each other
5. all harness straps fully extended
6. all valves in correct position |
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Training & performance qualifications for FFs |
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NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) 1001
Standard for Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications |
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Medical requirements for FFs |
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NFPA 1582, Standard on Medical Requirements for Fire Fighters and Information for FD Phsicians |
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Each FF accident should be thoroughly investigated to ... (2) |
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1. learn why it happened
2. learn how it can be avoided in the future |
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FF Deaths by type of duty:
Fireground
Alarm Response/Return
Other On Duty
Training
Non-Fire Emergencies |
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38%
24%
23%
12%
2% |
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A safety program is only as safe as ... |
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the individuals who implement it. |
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To whom does the safety officer report to on the foreground? |
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IC (Incident Commander) |
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What is the term for the small magnetic boards carried by company officers as part of a personnel accountability system? |
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Passport |
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During overhaul, either a safety officer or someone else should be assigned to monitor the atmosphere for the presence of what dangerous gas? |
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Carbon monoxide
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Signs/symptoms of heat stroke |
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lack of sweating, low BP, shallow breathing, seizures |
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How soon after a traumatic call should CISD be held? |
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ASAP |
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Flame-resistant materials include: (3) |
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Nomex, PBI, Kevlar |
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From what material(s) can structural firefighting boots be constructed? |
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Rubber or leather |
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NFPA 1001 requires fire fighters to don personal protective clothing within a specified time. What time? |
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60 seconds |
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What provides a template for implementing a comprehensive health and safety program? |
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NFPA 1500 |
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Basic Components of SCBA: (4) |
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1. Backpack & harness
2. Air cylinder assembly
3. Regulator Assembly
4. Face piece assembly |
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Layers of structural PPE: (3) |
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1. Outer layer/shell - sturdy, flame-resistant, water-repellant material
2. Moisture barrier
3. Thermal barrier |
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Material for SCBA air cylinders |
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aluminum, carbon, kevlar composite |
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What needs to be stamped or labeled on a compressed air cylinder? |
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Last hydrostatic inspection date |
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Composite SCBA cylinders must be hydrostatically tested every ____ years. |
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3 |
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Steel & alumiium SCBA cylinders must be hydrostatically tested ever ___ years. |
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5 |
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Minimum requirements & procedures for a safety and health program are contained in |
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NFPA 1500 |
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Every skill, knowledge item, or behavior learned should be drilled, tested, or confirmed: |
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every year |
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The open-circuit, positive-pressure breathing apparatus operates by: |
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maintaining a pressure inside the mask that is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure. |
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FFs must be fit tested ______ to ensure they are using the right sized facepiece. |
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anually |
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After the facepiece, low-pressure hose, and exhalation valve have been properly washed and disinfected, they should be: |
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air dried in a clean area. |
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When approaching a fire, stored-pressure water extinguishers are designed to be carried in a/an ___ position and the operator is cautioned to keep the ___ in hand at all times. |
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upright, hose |
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Leading cause of FF injuries: |
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overexertion & strain |
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The coupling on the high pressure hose that is attached to an SCBA cylinder should be: |
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hand tight |
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When filling an SCBA cylinder, the cylinder must be: |
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place in a fragmentation containment device
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Hoop-wrapped and kevlar/carbon composite cylinders must be hydrostatically tested every __________ years. |
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3 |
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How long does it take for the PASS device to alarm if the wearer becomes inactive? |
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30 sec |
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Following each use, the facepiece of a breathing apparatus should be cleaned by: |
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Washing with a mixture of warm water and approved disinfectant |
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