Chapter 4 Integumentary System

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aut/o self
bi/o life
coni/o dust
crypt/o hidden
cutane/o skin
derm/o skin
dermat/o skin
heter/o other
hidr/o sweat
kerat/o horny tissue, hard
myc/o fungus
necr/o death (cells, body)
onych/o nail
pachy/o thick
rhytid/o wrinkles
seb/o sebum (oil)
staphyl/o grapelike clusters
strept/o twisted chains
trich/o hair
ungu/o nail
xer/o dry
epi- on, upon, over
intra- within
para- on, upon, over
per- through
sub- under, below
trans- through, across, beyond
-a noun, suffix, no meaning
-coccus (pl. -cocci) Berry-shaped (form of bacterium)
-ectomy Excision or surgical removal
-ia Diseased or abnormal state, condition of
-itis inflammation
-malacia softening
-opsy view of, viewing
-phagia Eating or swallowing
-plasty surgical repair
-rrhea Flow, excessive discharge
-tome Instrument used to cut
abrasion Scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury
abscess Localized collection of pus
acne Inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
actinic keratosis A precancerous skin condition of horny tissue formation that results from excessive exposure to sunlight
albinism white
basil cell carcinoma (BCC) Epithelial tumor arising from the epidermis. It seldom metastasizes but invades local tissue. Common of the face of elderly individuals
candidiasis An infection of the skin, mouth (thrush), or vagina caused by the yeast-like fungus Candidia albicans. Candidia is normally present in the mucous membranes; overgrowth causes an infection. Esophageal candidiasis is often seen in AIDS patients
carbuncle Skin infection composed of a cluster of boils caused by staphylococcal bacteria
cellulitis Inflammation of the connective tissue caused by infection, leading to redness, swelling, and fever
contusion Injury with no break in the skin, characterized by pain, swelling, discoloration (also called a bruise)
eczema Noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
fissure Slit or crack-like sore in the skin
furuncle Painful skin node caused by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle (also called a boil
gangrene Death of a tissue caused by a loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion
herpes Inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters. There are many types of herpes. Herpes simplex, for example, causes fever blisters and herpes zoster, also called shingles, is characterized by painful skin eruptions that follows nerves inflamed by the virus
impetigo Superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci
Kaposi sarcoma A cancerous condition starting as purple or brown pimples on the feet, which spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs. Frequently seen in AIDS patients
laceration Torn ragged, edged wounds
lesion Any pathological change in the structure or function of tissue resulting from injury or disease
pediculosis Invasion into the skin by hair and lice
psoriasis Chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales
rosacea chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema, papules, pustules, and broken blood vessels, usually occuring on the central area of the face in people older than 30 years (also called acne rosacea)
scabies Skin infection caused by the itch mite, a minute animal whose relative is the tick. The infection causes severe itching with red papules
scleroderma A disease characterized by chronic hardening (induration)of the connective tissue of the skin and other body organs
shingles development of paInful, inflammed blisters that follow the nerve roots; caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox (also called herpes zoster)
squamos cell carcinoma (SqCCA) A malignant growth that develops from scale like epithelial tissue. On the skin it appears as a firm, red, painless bump. It is also found in other body sites
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Inflammatory disease of the joints and the protein in the white fibers (collagen) of the connective tissue of the skin. It also may affect other organs
tinea Fungus infection of the skin commonly called “ringworm”
urticaria An itching skin eruption composed of wheals of varying size and shape
cauterization destruction of tissue with a hot or cold instrument, electric current, or caustic substance (also called cautery)
cryosurgery destruction of tissue by using extreme cold, often by using liquid nitrogen
debriedment removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from an open wound
dermabrasion procedures to remove skin scars with abrasive material, such as sandpaper
excision removal by cutting
incision surgical cut or wound produced by a sharp instrument
incision & drainage (I & D) surgical cut made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a lesion, wound, or cavity
laser surgery procedure using an instrument that emits a high powered beam of light used to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissue
Mohs surgery technique of microscopically controlled serial excisions of skin cancers
suturing to stitch edges of a wound surgically
adipose fat
allergy Hypersensitivity to a substance
alopecia baldness
bacteria (s. bacterium) Single celled microorganisms that reproduce by cell division and may cause infection by invading body tissue
cicatrix scar
cyst A closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material
cytomegalovirus (CMV) A herpes type virus that usually causes disease when the immune system is compromised
diaphorsis Profuse sweating
ecchymosis Escape of blood into the tissues causing superficial discoloration; a “black and blue” mark
edema Puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid
emollient Agent that softens or soothes the skin
erythema redness
fungus (pl. fungi) Organism that feeds by absorbing organic molecules from its surroundings and may cause infection by invading body tissue; single celled fungi (yeast) reproduce by budding; multicelled fungi (mold) reproduce by spore formation
induration Abnormal hard spot(s)
jaundice Condition characterized by a yellow tinge to the skin (xanthoderma)
keloid Overgrowth of scar tissue
leukoplakia Condition characterized by white spots or patches on mucous membrane, which may be precancerous
macule Flat, colored spot on the skin
nevus ((pl. nevi) Circumscribed pigmented area present at birth; mole, birthmark
nodule A small knotlike mass that can be felt by touch
pallor paleness
papule Small, solid skin elevation (pimple)
petechia (pl. petechiae) Pinpoint skin hemorrhages
pressure ulcer (decub) Bedsore; an open area of skin caused by pressure or irritation
pruritus Severe skin itching
purpura Disorder characterized by hemorrhages into the tissue, giving the skin a purple-red discoloration
pustule Elevation of skin containing pus
ulcer Eroded sore on the skin or mucous membrane
verruca Circumscribed cutaneous elevation caused by a virus; wart
vesicle Small elevation of the epidermis containing liquid (blister)
virus An infectious agent
wheal Transitory, round, itchy elevation of the skin with a white center and a red surrounding area (hive)