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Minority Group |
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Subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their
own lives than do the members of the dominant/majority group
Characteristics (5): unequal treatment, distinguishing physical or cultural traits,
involuntary membership, awareness of subordination, in-group marriage |
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Racial Group |
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Group that is socially set apart because of obvious physical differences |
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Ethnic Groups |
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Group set apart from others because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns
Differences: language, attitudes towards marriage/parenting, food habits |
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Biological Race |
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Mistaken notion of a genetically isolated (perfect/pure) human group |
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Racism |
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A doctrine that one race is superior |
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Racial Formation |
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Sociohistorical process by which racial categroies are created, inhibited, transformed, and destryed |
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Sociology |
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Systematic study of social behavior and human groups |
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Stratification |
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Structured ranking of entire groupd of people that perpetuates unequal rewards and power in a society
Indentifies class (social ranking) of people due to wealth |
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Functionalist Persoective |
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Sociological approach emphaizing how parts of a society are structured to maintain its Stability |
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Conflict Perspective |
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Sociological approach that assumes that the social structure is best understood in terms of conflict or tension between competing groups
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Dysfunction |
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An element of a society that may distupt a social system or decreases its stability |
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Blaming the Victim |
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Portraying the problems of racial and ethnic minorities as their fault rather than recognizing society's responsibilites |
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Labeling Theory |
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Sociological approach, by Howard Becher, attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants and others engaging in the same behaviors are not
people who do bad do it because from "wrong of family" |
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Stereotypes |
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Unreliable, exaggerated generalizations about all members of a group that do not take into account individual differences |
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Self-Fulfilling Prophecy |
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In certain situations, people may respond to negative stereotypes and act on them, resulting with the false definition becoming accurate
A person or group described as having particular characteristics begins to display very traits attributed to them
Can create viscous circle |
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Migration |
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Transfer of population |
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Emigration |
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(by emigrants) leaving a country |
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Immigration |
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(By immigrants) coming to a new country as a permanent resident |
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Globalization |
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Worldwilde integration of government policies, cultures, social movements, and financial markets
Through: trade, movement of peiokem and exchange of ideas |
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Colonialism |
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Foreign power's maintenance of political, social, economic, and cultural dominance over people for an extended period |
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World System Theory |
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View of global economic system as divided between nations that control wealth and those that provide national resources and labor |
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Internal Colonialism |
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Treatment of subordinate peoples as colonel subjects by those in power |
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Genocide |
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Deliberate, systematic killing of an entire people or nation
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Ethnic Cleansing |
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forced deportation of peoplem accompanied by systematic violence
From: 1992--ethnic Serbs tried eliminating Muslims from parts of Bosnia |
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Segregation |
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Physical seperation of two groups, often imposed on a subordinate group by the dominant group |
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Resegregation |
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Physical separation of racial and ethnic groups reappearing after a period of relative integration |
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