Biomedical Ethics Chapter 1 Test

Relativism The belief that R/W always depends on a point of view, individual or cultural. Subjectivism The belief that morality is only in the mind. Feeling not fact Amoralism The belief that morality is only a power- play. Nonmaleficence Not doing harm Beneficence Doing good. The harm principle Liberty is limited to prevent harm to others The offense principle Liberty is limited to prevent offense to others. Paternalism Liberty is limited to prevent immorality Extreme paternalism Liberty is limited to benefit someone Legal moralism Liberty is limited to prevent immorality The social welfare principle Someone's liberty is limited to bring about a public benefit Distributive Justice The matter of how to fairly divide up the goods and the responsibilities of society. Libertarian concept of justice The fair thing is to give each person freedom to pursue his or her own welfare, without interference, and without the burden of being obligated to meet the needs of others. Egalitarian view of justice The fair thing is to make sure that everyone has what he or she needs, and to minimize inequalities in all the important areas of life. Moral relativism Morality is not objective, but relative. Contextual Relativism The truth of what one says depends upon the context in which it is said. Conceptual relativism Truth is relative to a conceptual scheme: whether something is true or not depends upon the language one speaks and the intellectual culture one lives in. Cognitive relativism Truth is relative Individual moral relativism Could go as far as being amoral . One just does whatever one thinks is right, without regard to other points of view. Subjectivism Morality is not objective, but subjective. Amoralism Morality reduces to power. Might makes right