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Palette of Narmer, 3100BCE, the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt by King Narmer |
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Stepped Pyramid for King Djoser, Imhotep, 2630-2611BCE |
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Pyramids at Giza, 2551-2472BCE, Dynasty III, Menkaure/Khafre/Khufu, all have mortuary temples, valley temples, face East- sun rises and sets every day= eternal cycle, rebirth |
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Great Sphinx, 2520-2494BCE, Giza, Khafre's pyramid, lion/human, Nemes headdress |
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Seated Statue of Khafre, 2520-2494 BCE, life-size, lion throne, symmetrical, Horus god behind head |
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Menkaure and Queen Khamerernebty, 2490-2472BCE, more important= more rigorous conventions, affectionate woman, Pharoah more important than wife |
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Seated Scribe, 2551-2528BCE, Saqqara, important/literate, wood=cheaper, painted polychrome, naturalism |
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Funerary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut, Senmut, 1504-1496BCE |
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Hatshepsut w/ offering jars, 1473-1458BCE, upper court of mortuary temple, legitimize power, honor Amen-Re, condemned after death |
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Nebamun hunting birds, 1390-1352BCE, tomb of Nebamun, shown as active, what he will be doing in after life |
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Akhenaten, 1353-1350BCE, adopted monotheism, Amarna style, new picture of God-sexless |
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Bust of Nefertiti, 1349-1336BCE, Amarna period, "beautiful one is here", influential |
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Akhenaton, Nefertiti and 3 daughters, 1353-1335BCE, relief style, transition to monotheism, candid |
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Death mask of Tutankhamen, 1323BCE, from innermost coffin in tomb at Thebes, headdress, shown as Osiris (judge, order)- hands crossed over chest |
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Mentuemhet, 650BCE, similar to Menkaure, closed sculpture, aging |
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Kouros, 600 BCE, Attica, "male youth" grave marker, not meant to be particular person like in Egypt |
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Kroisos, 530BCE, Anavysos, died in battle at hands of God Ares, smile= alive, not happy encaustic- old and ancient medium primarily used for painting items that would have been outside, mix pigment with melted wax |
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Kritios Boy, 480BCE, from the Acropolis, may have been made by sculptor Kritios, break form unnatural Egyptian pose, made of marble contrapposto- counter balance |
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Warrior, 460-450BCE, from sea off Riace Italy, missing spear, hollow casting |
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Zeus (or Poseidon?), 460-450BCE, from sea off Cape Artemision, trident or bolt, no god-competing in games, stable |
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Diskobolos, Myron, 450BCE, Roman marble copy after bronze original, vigorous motion- but balanced |
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Doryphoros (Spear Bearer), Polykleitos, 450-440BCE, roman marble copy, model for athletes canon- a rule of proportion (7 head lengths)chiastic pose- Greek "Chi" looks like X |
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Parthenon, Iktinos and Kallikrates, 447-438BCE, Temple of Athena Parthenos |
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Athena Parthenos, Phidias, 438BCE, in the cella of the Parthenon, Acropolis |
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Lapith and Centaur, 447-438BCE, South Metope XXVII of the Parthenon centauromachy, amazonomachy, gigantomachy |
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Helios and his Horses, and Dionysos (Herakles?), 438-432BCE, from east pediment of Parthenon, Gods are inactive |
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Three goddesses (Hestia, Dione, Aphrodite), 438-432BCE, east pediment Parthenon, clothed |
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Equestrian group, 442-439BCE, north frieze parthenon, Priests and Gods viewing it, beginning of trip up to Parthenon, inactive Gods- man as measure of all |
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Aphrodite of Knidos, Praxiteles, 250-340 BCE, roman marble copy Pliny- Roman historian "superior to all works"Venus pudica- modest venus, pose either covering genitalia or breastsHydria- the vessel/vase, new shape used for bathing, part of original design |
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Hermes and infant Dionysos, Praxiteles, 340BCE sensuous languor- drunk looking, S shape |
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Apoxyomenos (Scraper), Lysippos, 330BCE |
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Weary Herakles (Farnese Herakles), Lysippos, 320BCE |
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Head of Alexander the Great, 200-150BCELysippos only sculptor sanctioned to produce official portrait of king Leonine physiognomy- lion facial features |
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Altar of Zeus, Athena battling Alkyoneos, 175BCENo universal plane, chaos, deeply cutGigantomachy- battles, amazons, centaurs, story of Olympians, Pergamene victory over GaulsHellenistic baroque- all about action |
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Nike alighting on a warship, 190BCE, upper basin of fountain, recreating naval battle, sanctuary of the great gods, baroque theatricality |
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Aphrodite (Venus de Milo), Alexandros of Antioch-on-the-Meander, 150-125BCE, overtly erotic |
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Seated Boxer, 100-50BCE, from Rome, pathetic |
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Laocoon and his sons, Athanadoros, Hagesandros, and Polydoros of Rhodes, early first century CE Aeneid- picks up where Iliad leaves off, follows Aeneid and the founding of Rome |
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Portrait of Augustus as general, 20BCEleadership no longer defined by agecuirass- armor, return of Roman standard stolen by Parthians, symbolizes army/peopleadlocutio pose- to address crowd |
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Portrait of Vespasian, 75-79CE, roman general, endears himself to people, built Colosseum difference between how he shows himself and how Augustus shows himself |
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Colosseum (Flavian amphitheater), 70-80CE, Rome for people, not emperornamed for Colossus of Nero statue, as sun godvelarium- umbrella-like constructionbarrel vault- arch repeatedcavea- central areaTitus dedicated in 80CE |
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Spoils of Jerusalem (relief panel), after 81CE, Arch of Titus, Rome, commemorates military victory, he is dead=god composite type- Ionic and Corinthian combinedTitus' great conquest at Judea, end of Jewish warsmenorahhigh reliefvictoriesvalorspandrels-space between 2 archesJosephus- Jewish historianpropaganda |
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Column of Trajan, 112CEnext to forum of Augustus and CaesarStatue of st. peter now on topbase=tombDacia-conquered by Romansnarrative friezeillustrated scroll- |
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Portrait bust of Hadrian as general, 130-138CE, IsraelTrajan's chosen successor, popular, beard |
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Pantheon, 118-125CE temple to all gods, 7 planetary gods, 7 statues
temple front:
pediment, entablature, columns concrete mixture drum, coffers- inward pushing squares in dome
Oculus- hole, lets in
light, thermal effects, pushes the lateral thrust of dome outwards
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Portrait of Constantine, 315-330CE, from Basilica Nova, Rome"Caesar of the West" "The great"Iconic (Constantine) vs. Idealized (Augustus) |
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Distribution of largess, Arch of Constantine, 312-315CEdetail of north friezecommemorate victory over Maxentius and end of civil wargesture of goodwilliconic- late antique style- anti-naturalistic |
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Triumph of Titus, Arch of Titus, after 81CE Rome Titus’ great
conquest at Judea- End of Jewish wars in 70CE
menorah
High relief
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Basilica Nova (Basilica of Constantine), 306-312CE, Romenot a religious shrine or templepublic venue |
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