APUSH EXAM CARDS

Separatist vs. Non- Separatist Puritans Radical Calvinists against the Church of England; Separatists (Pilgrims) argued for a break from the Church of England, led the Mayflower, and established the settlement at Plymouth Northwest Passage BELIEVED TO PROVIDE SHORTCUT FROM ATLANTIC TO PACIFIC, SEARCHED FOR BY GIOVANNI DE VERRAZANO FOR FRANCIS 1 IN THE RACE TO ASIAN WEALTH CONVERSION EXPERIENCE REQUIRED OF MEMBERS OF THE PURITAN CHURCH; TOOK PLACE OF BAPTISM REQUIRED BY THE CATHOLIC CHURCH SOCIAL RECIPROCITY SOCIETY NATURALLY PUNISHES CRIMINALS INDISCRIMINATELY CHRUCH OF ENGLAND PROTESTANT CHURCH LED BY THE KING OF ENGLAND, INDEPENDENT OF CATHOLIC CHURCH, TENDED TOWARDS CATHOLICISM DURING REIGN OF CATHOLIC AUTHORITY ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE OFTEN DEBTORS SOLD TO SLAVE TRADERS BY AFRICAN KINGS SEEKING RICHES; COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE JAMESTOWN FIRST PERMANENT ENGLIS SETTLEMENT IN THE AMERICAS (1607), ALONG JAMES RIVER JOHN SMITH INTRODUCED WORK ETHIC TO JAMESTOWN COLONY, SANITATION, DIPLOMAT TO LOCAL NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES; HAD FOUGHT SPANISH AND TURKS POCAHONTAS KEY TO ENGLISH-NATIVE AMERICAN RELATIONSHIP, DIED IN ENGLAND IN 1617 MAYFLOWER COMPACT FOUNDATION FOR SELF GOVERNMENT LAID OUT BY THE FIRST MASSACHUSETTS SETTLERS BEFORE ARRIVING ON LAND JOHN WINTHROP CALVINIST, DEVISED CONCEPT OF "CITY ON A HILL"(A MODEL OF CHRISTIAN CHARITY); FOUNDED HIGHLY SUCCESSFUL TOWNS IN MASSACHUSETTS BAY "CITY ON A HILL" EXEMPLARY CHRISTIAN COMMUNITY, RICH TO SHIW CHARITY, HELD TO CALVINISTIC BELIEFS INDENTURED SERVANTS SETTLERS TO PAY THE EXPENSES OF A SERVANT'S VOYAGE AND BE GRANTED LAND FOR EACH PERSON THEY BROUGHT OVER, HEADRIGHT SYSTEM MARYLAND ACT OF RELIGIOUS TOLERATION (1649) MANDATED THE TOLERATION OF ALL CHRISTIAN DENOMINATIONS IN MARYLAND, EVEN THOUGH MARYLAND WAS FOUNDED FOR CATHOLICS (BUT MAJORITY WAS PROTESTANT) JAMES 1, CHARLES1 RELUCTANT TO GIVE COLONISTS THEIR OWN GOVERNMENT, PREFERRED TO APPOINT ROYAL GOVERNORS WILLIAM PENN AND THE QUAKERS SETTLED IN PENNSYLVANIA, BELIEVED THE "INNER LIGHT" COULD SPEAK THROUGH ANY PERSON AND RAN RELIGIOUS SERVICES WITHOUT MINISTERS ROGER WILLIAMS CHALLENGED NEW ENGLANDERS TO COMPLETELY SEPARATE CHURCH FROM STATE, AS THE STATE WOULD CORRUPT THE CHURCH ANNE HUTCHINSON CHALLENGED NEW ENGLAND CALVINIST MINISTERS' AUTHORITY, AS THEY TAUGHT THE GOOD WORKS FOR SALVATION OF CATHOLICISM THE HALF-WAY COVENANT NEW ENGLANDERS WHO DID NOT WISH TO RELATE THEIR CONVERSION EXPERIENCES COULD BECOME HALF-WAY SAINTS SO THAT THEIR CHILDREN WOULD BE ABLE TO HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO BECOME SAINTS BACON'S REBELLION REBELS FELT THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA FAILED TO PROTECT THE FRONTIER FROM THE NATIVE AMERICANS NAVIGATION ACTS ONLY ENGLISH AND AMERICAN SHIPS ALLOWED TO COLONIAL PORTS, DISSENT BEGAN IN 1763 MERCANTILISM ENSURED TRADE WITH MOTHER COUNTRY, NATIONALISM; TOO RESTRICTIVE ON COLONIAL ECONOMY, NOT VOTED ON BY COLONISTS CHARLES 2, JAMES2 TRIED TO RULES AS ABSOLUTE MONARCHS WITHOUT USINGS PARLIAMENT, LITTLE TO NO SYMPATHY FOR COLONIAL LEGISLATURES WILLIAM AND MARY ENDED THE DOMINION OF NEW ENGLAND, GAVE POWER BACK TO COLONIES DOMINION OF NEW ENGLAND COMBINED MASSACHUSETTS, NEW HAMPSHIRE, CONNECTICUT, RHODE ISLAND, AND PLYMOUTH(AND LATER JERSEY AND NEW YORK) INTO ONE "SUPERCOLONY" GOVERNED BY SIR EDMUND ANDROS, A "SUPERGOVERNOR" THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION WILLIAM AND MARY KICKED JAMES 2 OUT OF ENGLAND(EXILED INTO FRANCE), ALLOWED MORE POWER TO THE LEGISLATURES JAMES OGLETHORPE ESTABLISHED COLONY OF GEORGIA AS A PLACE FOR HONEST DEBTORS THE ENLIGHTENMENT EMPHASIS ON HUMAN REASON, LOGIC, AND SCIENCE(ACQUIRED, NOT NASCENT, KNOWLEDGE); INCREASED FOLLOWERS OF CHRISTIANITY BENJAMIN FRANKLIN CONNECTED THE COLONIES TO BRITAIN, OPPOSED TO UNNECESSARY UNFAIR TAXATION; STRONG INFLUENCE ON ALBANY PLAN THE GREAT AWAKENING BEGAN BY EDWARDS TO RETURN TO PURITANISM, INCREASED OVERALL RELIGIOUS INVOLVEMENT, GAVE WOMEN MORE ACTIVE ROLES IN RELIGION, MORE AND MORE MINISTERS SPROUTED UP THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY; MAINLY AFFECTED TOWNS AND CITIES DEISTS BELIEVED THAT GOD CREATED THE UNIVERSE TO ACT THROUGH NATURAL LAWS; FRANKLIN, JEFFERSON, PAINE GEORGE WHITEFIELD POWERFUL SPEAKER, TOURED THE COUNTRY AND INSPIRED MANY INTO CHRISTIANITY JONATHAN EDWARDS PURITAN MINISTER, LED REVIVALS, STRESSED IMMEDIATE REPENTANCE NEW LIGHTS VS OLD LIGHTS NEW LIGHTS BROUGHT NEW IDEAS, REJECTED BY OLD LIGHTS; BOTH SOUGHT OUT INSTITUTIONS INDEPENDENT OF EACH OTHER ALBANY PLAN OF UNION COLONIES PROPOSED COLONIAL CONFEDERATION UNDER LIGHTER BRITISH RULE (CROWN-APPOINTED PRESIDENT "GRAND COUNCIL"); NEVER TOOK EFFECT FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR FRENCH THREAT AT THE BORDERS WAS NO LONGER PRESENT, THEREFORE THE COLONIES DIDN'T NEED ENGLISH PROTECTION; MORE INDEPENDENT STAND AGAINST BRITAIN PROCLAMATION OF 1763 PROHIBITED SETTLEMENTS WEST OF APPALACHIAN, RESTRICTION ON COLONIAL GROWTH SALUTARY NEGLECT PARLIAMENT TOOK MINOR ACTIONS IN THE COLONIES, ALLOWING THEM TO EXPERIMENT WITH AND BECOME ACCUSTOMED TO SELF GOVERNMENT, INTERNATIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS WRITS OF ASSISTANCE SEARCH WARRANTS ON SHIPPING TO REDUCE SMUGGLING; CHALLENGED BY JAMES OTIS TOWNSHEND ACT (1767) SIMILAR TO NAVIGATIO; RAISED MONEY TO PAY COLONIAL OFFICIALS BY AMERICAN TAXES; LED BOSTON BOYCOTT OF ENGLISH LUXURIES SUGAR ACT INCREASED TARIFF ON SUGAR(AND OTHER IMPORTS), ATTEMPTED TO HARDER ENFORCE EXISTING TARIFFS STAMP ACT TAXES ON ALL LEGAL DOCUMENTS TO SUPPORT BRITISH TROOPS, NOT APPROVED BY COLONISTS THROUGH THEIR REPRESENTATIVES STAMP ACT CONGRESS HELD IN NEW YORK, AGREED NOT TO IMPORT BRITISH GOODS UNTIL STAMP ACT WAS REPEALED VIRGINIA RESOLVES "NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION" INTRODUCED BY PATRICK HENRY CURRENCY ACT PROHIBITED COLONIES FROM ISSUING PAPER MONEY, DESTABILIZED COLONIAL ECONOMY VIRTUAL REPRESENTATION ALL ENGLISH SUBJECTS ARE REPRESENTED IN PARLIAMENT, INCLUDING THOSE NOT ALLOWED TO VOTE THE LOYAL NINE GROUP OF BOSTONIANS IN OPPOSITION TO THE STAMP ACT , SOUGHT TO DRIVE STAMP DISTRIBUTORS FROM THE CITY SONS OF LIBERTY ORGANIZED AND CONTROLLED RESISTANCE AGAINST PARLIAMENTARY ACTS IN LESS VIOLENT WAYS (STRENGTH OF MARTYRDOM), ADVOCATED NON IMPORTATION DECLARATORY ACT ALLOWED PARLIAMENT TO COMPLETELY LEGISLATE OVER THE COLONIES, LIMITED COLONISTS' SAY BOSTON MASSACRE BRITISH SOLDIERS SHOT INTO CROWS OF SNOWBALL FIGHT; TWO OF NINE SOLDIERS(DEFENDED BY JOHN ADAMS) FOUND GUILTY OF MANSLAUGHTER COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE COMMITTEES APPOINTED FROM DIFFERENT COLONIES TO COMMUNICATE ON MATTERS; ASSERTED SELF RIGHTS TEA ACT (1773) INTENDED TO SAVE BRITISH EAST INDIA COMPANY FROM BANKRUPTCY, COULD SELL DIRECTLY TO CONSUMERS RATHER THAN THROUGH WHOLESALERS (LOWERED PRICES TO COMPETE WITH SMUGGLED TEA) NOT DONE NOT DONE