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1.
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Why should Chemistry be studied in A+P class?
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Body functions depend on Cellular functions.
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2.
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Anything that takes up space and has weight; composed of elements.
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Matter
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3.
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Composed of chemically identical atoms
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Elements
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4.
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These type of elements are required by the body in large amounts.
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Bulk elements
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5.
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These type of elements are required by the body in small amounts.
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Trace elements
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6.
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These types of elements are toxic to the body in large amounts
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Ultratrace elements
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7.
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Smallest particle of an element
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Atoms
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8.
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Part of an atom that carries a single positive charge
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Proton
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9.
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Part of an atom that carries no electrical charge
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Neutron
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10.
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Part of an atom that carries a single negative charge. They revolve around the nucleus.
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Electron
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11.
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Term for the number of protons n the nucleus of one atom and equals the number of electrons in the atom.
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Atomic Number
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12.
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The number of protons plus the number of neutrons of the atom.
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Atomic Weight
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13.
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Is it a different element if the number of protons change?
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Yes
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14.
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Is it a different element if the number of neutrons change?
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No, but it becomes an isotope.
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15.
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How do you find the neutron number?
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Atomic weight minus the atomic number.
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16.
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Atoms with the same atomic numbers but with different atomic weights are called?
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Isotopes. They have the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons.
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17.
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This type of radiation is composed of 2 protons and 2 neutrons.
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Alpha radiation
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18.
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This type of radiation is composed of fast moving electrons.
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Beta Radiation
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19.
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This type of radiation is composed of electromagnetic wave energy
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Gamma radiation
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20.
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Particle formed when 2 or more atoms chemically combine
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Molecule
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21.
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Particle formed when 2 or more atoms of different elements chemically combine.
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Compound
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22.
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These depict the elements present and the number of each atom present in the molecule. Ex: H2
C6 H12 O6
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Molecular Formulas
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23.
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_______ form when atoms combine with other atoms.
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Bonds
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24.
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Electrons of an atom occupy regions of space called _________ _________ which circle the nucleus.
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Electron shells
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25.
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If the outermost shell is full, the atom is stable and is categorized as one of the ________ _________.
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Noble Gases
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26.
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An atom that gains or loses electrons to become stable and is an electrically charged atom.
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Ion
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27.
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A negatively charged ion that is formed when an atom gains electrons.
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Anion
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28.
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A positively charged ion formed when an atom loses electrons.
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Cation
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29.
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An attraction b.w. a cation and anion formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom.
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Ionic Bond
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30.
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Bond formed when atoms share electrons.
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Covalent Bond
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31.
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A molecule with a slightly negative end and a slightly positive end that results when electrons are not shared equally in covalent bonds.
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Polar Molecule. Water is an important polar molecule.
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32.
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A weak attraction of the positive hydrogen end of a polar molecule to the negative nitrogen or oxygen end of another polar molecule
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Hydrogen Bond
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33.
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This is when chemical bonds form or break among atoms, ions, or molecules.
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Chemical Reaction
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34.
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The starting materials of the reaction
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Reactants
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35.
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The substances formed at the end of a chemical reaction
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Products
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36.
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This is the type of reaction when more complex chemical structures are formed. A+B = AB
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Synthesis Reaction
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37.
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This is the type of reaction when chemical bonds are broken to form simpler chemical structures. AB----> A + B
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Decomposition Reaction
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38.
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This is the type of reaction when chemical bonds are broken and new bonds are formed. AB + CD -----> AD + CB
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Exchange Reaction
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39.
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This is the type of reaction when the products can change back to the reactants. A + B AB
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Reversible Reaction
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40.
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_______ are substances that release ions in water.
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Electrolytes
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41.
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Electrolytes that dissociate to release hydrogen ions in water
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Acids
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42.
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Substances that release ions that can combine with Hydrogen Ions
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Bases
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43.
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Electrolytes formed by the reaction between an acid and a base
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salts
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44.
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Indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
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PH Scale
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45.
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These kind of molecules contain C and U, are large, and dissolve in water
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Organic Molecules
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46.
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These kinds of molecules generally do not contain C, are small, and dissociate in water.
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Inorganic Molecules
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47.
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Needing Oxygen
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Aerobic
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48.
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Does not need oxygen
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Anaerobic
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49.
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What are the 4 organic substances?
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Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids
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