Adaptations for terristrial life seen in all plants are: |
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Sporopollenin |
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Plants are thought to be most closely related to charophyceans based on: |
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All ofthe above |
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Megaphylls: |
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Are leaves with branching vascular systems |
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Bryophyes differ from other land plant groups because: |
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gametophyte generation is dominant |
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Which of the following plant groups is incorrectly paired with its gametophyte generation? |
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Fern-frond growing from rhizome |
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Which of the following is most likely the closest relative of the vascular plants? |
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Bryophytes |
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The evolution of sporopollenin was important to the movement of plants onto land because it: |
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Provided a tough coating for spores |
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If a plant's life cycle includes both a male and female gametophyte, the sporophyte plant must be: |
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Heterosporous |
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Xylem and Phloem are found in: |
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Vascular plants |
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Which of the following functions may secondary compounds serve? |
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All of the above |
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Alternation of generations may have evolved in land plants when: |
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Zygote underwent mitotic divisions |
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Which of the following has been proposed by plant biologigists as the deepest branch that establishes the boundary of the plant kingdom? |
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The kingdoms Plantae, Streptophyta, and Viridiplantae |
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Large stores of organic carbon that help to stabilize atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are found in: |
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Boreal peatlands |
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Protacheophyte polysporangiophytes are: |
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Silurian fossils |
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If you could take a time machine back to the Carboniferous period, which of the following scenarios would you most likely encounter? |
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Swampy forests dominated by seedless vascular plants (ferns) |
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In which of the following groups do sperm no longer have to swim to reach the female gametophyte? |
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Gymnosperms and angiosperms |
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What provides food for a developing sporophyte embryo in a gymnosperm seed? |
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Female gametophyte tissue |
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Which of the following is the corret path that a pollen tube takes to reach the female gametophyte in an angiosperm? |
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Stigma, style, ovary, ovule, embryo sac |
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How many generations are represented in a pine seed? |
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3: seed coat from parent sporophyte, food supply from gametophyte, and sporophyte embryo |
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Gymnosperms rose to dominance during which of the following periods? |
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Permian |
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If the angiosperm gametophyte generation has been reduced to so few cells, why hasn't it been eliminated from the life cycle? |
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The gametophyte generation produces both the protective seed coat and nourishment for developing embryo |
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Which of the following is a key difference between seedless vascular plants and plants with seeds? |
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The spore is the agent of dispersal in the first, whereas the seed functions in dispersal in the second. |
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An example of co-evolution is: |
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A flower with nectar guides that direct bees to its nectaries |
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Where would you find a microsporangium in the life cycle of a pine? |
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At the base of the sporophyll in a pollen cone. |
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Which of these plants is believed to be the only survivor of the oldest branch of the angiosperm lineage? |
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The small shrub Amborella |
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All photoautotrophic, multicellular eukaryotes are ____ |
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algae |
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________ plants produce male and female gametophytes |
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Heterosporous |
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The gametophyte generation is most reduced in the _______ |
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angiosperms |
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The Ginkgo, cycads, and conifers are _______. |
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gymnosperms |
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A ________ produces spores, no matter what group it's found in |
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sporangium |
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A ______ consists of an embryo, nutritive material, and a protective coat |
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seed |
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_______ are wide, specialized cells arranged end to end for water transport and are found in angiosperms |
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Vessel elements |
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A _____ consists of a filament and anther in which pollen is produced |
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stamen |
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The female gametophyte in ________ consists of haploid cells in which a few archegonia develop |
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gymnosperms |
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The male gametophyte in _______ is contained within a pollen grain. |
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angiosperms |
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supporting cells with thickened secondary walls |
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schlerenchyma |
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supporting cells with thickened primary walls |
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collenchyma |
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tapered xylem cells with lignin in cell walls |
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tracheids |
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bundles of long-schlerenchyma cells |
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fibers |
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cambium cells that produce secondary xylem and phloem |
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fusiform initials |
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layer from which lateral roots originate |
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pericycle |
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parenchyma cells with chloroplasts in leaves |
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mesophyll |
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protective coat made of cork and cork cambium |
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periderm |
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cell layer in root regulating movement into stele |
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endodermis |
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parenchyma cells inside vascular ring in dicot stem |
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pith |
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Which of the following is incorrect? Monocots typically have: |
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A taproot |
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Which of the following is incorrectly paired w/ its function? |
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Procambium--meristematic tissue |
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Axillary buds: |
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Form at nodes |
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A leaf trace is: |
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A branch from a vascular bundle that extends into a leaf |
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ground meristem: |
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produces the ground tissue system |
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the zone of cell elongation: |
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is responsible for pushing a root through the soil |
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which ofthe following is incorrectly paired with its type of life cycle? |
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wheat--biennial |
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secondary xylem and phloem are produced in a root by the: |
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vascular cambium |
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bark consists of: |
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all of the above |
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sieve-tube members: |
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are transport cells |
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which of the following cells are dead at functional maturity? |
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all of the above |
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clonal analysis of cells of the shoot apex indicates that: |
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a cell's developmental fate is more influenced by position effects |
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in what direction does a plant cell enlarge? |
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perpendicular to the orientation to cellulose |
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what do organ identity genes code for? |
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transcription factors |
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What is a usual sign of the change of the apical meristem from the juvinile to the mature phase? |
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a change in the morphology of leaves |
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which o fthe following is essential to establishing the axial polarity of a plant? |
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the assymetric 1st division of a zygote |
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