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Hard drives can be tricky to diagnose or relatively simple, depending on the source of the problem. Some areas to consider when troubleshooting a hard drive problem are:
Power connection
Cabling
Addressing conflicts
Hard drive controller or SCSI interface
Device drivers
BIOS settings
Fragmented or corrupt drives
Without power, the hard drive is useless. One of the first things to do is to try listening to the sounds from the hard drive. If you are unable to hear it, probably there is no power.
See that the power connection is firmly connected in the socket and that the power supply is working. This is the most common problem with newly installed drives.
