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- Attenuation A signal traveling on a cable becomes weaker in the course of its travels, interconnections also reduces its strength. At some point the signal becomes too weak for the network and cannot be carried forward without amplifying, particularly at higher frequencies above 10MHz.
- 10BaseT It is the most common form of Ethernet; it denotes the peak transmission speed of 10 mbps using copper twisted-pair cable.
- Baseband This is a transmission method in which a network uses its entire bandwidth to send a single signal.
- Bit A bit is either a one or a zero. To a computer, a one is a positive five-volt pulse on an input pin on the processor or brain of the computer.
- BNC BNC is also known as Bayonet Nut Connector; British Naval Connector (preferred Microsoft usage); Bayonet Navy Connector or most commonly Bayonet Neill-Concelman Connector.
- Crosstalk A disturbance in the signal generally caused by electromagnetic interference, along a transmission medium.
- Ethernet It is a LAN architecture that supports data transfer rates up to 10 Mbps. A latest version of Ethernet, called as 100Base - T (or Fast Ethernet) supports data transfer rates up to 100 Mbps.
- Gbps Gigabits Per Second (Billion bits per second) A gigabit = 109 = 1 000 000 000 bits or 230 (= 1024 Mb = 1 048 576 Kb).
- LAN In a Local Area Network (LAN), computers are close together, say, in the same building, home, or an office.
- MAN In a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), computers in the network are spread over just one city or metropolitan area.
- Mbps Megabits per second (1,000,000 bits per second = 1Mbps).
- MAC Media Access Control. The Media Access Control Layer is one of two sub-layers that make up the Data Link Layer of the OSI model. The MAC layer is responsible for moving data packets to and from one Network Interface Card (NIC) to another across a shared channel.
- Multiplexers A hardware device that allows more than one signal (analog or digital) to be transmitted over a single physical channel, this is done by temporarily combining multiple logical signals them into a single signal and later on reconverting it at the receiving end.
- OSI model
The OSI model is a reference model created by the ISO for the exchange of data between different systems. It specifies the standards for describing \"Open Systems Interconnection\" by using international standards; a system may be defined which is open to all other systems obeying the same standards throughout the world.
The 7 Layers of The OSI reference model are:
- Application
- Presentation
- Session
- Transport
- Network
- Datalink
- Physical
- Protocol
A protocol is a set of rules that manages the communications between the computers on a network. These rules contain the guidelines that regulate the characteristics of a network like types of cabling, allowed physical topologies, and speed of data transfer.
- RG (Radio Guide) "RG - #" or "RG - # / U" (from Radio Guide) is the form of a series of standard types of coaxial cable which were specified for U.S. military uses. These designations, which were listed in MIL-HDBK-216, are now old fashioned The current military standard is MIL-SPEC MIL-C-17. MIL-C-17 numbers, such as M17/75-RG214.are given for military cables and manufacturer's catalog numbers for civilian applications. However, the RG-series designations were so common for generations that they are still used, although critical users should be aware that since the handbook is withdrawn there is no standard to guarantee the electrical and physical characteristics of a cable described as "RG=# type". The RG designators are mostly used to identify compatible connectors that fit the inner conductor, dielectric, and jacket dimensions of the old RG-series cables.
- Subnetting A subnet is a logical segmentation of connected network devices, useful for easy administration of the network.
It can improve both the performance and security of networks, when implemented properly.
- Supernetting It is the logical grouping of connected network devices in the Internet.
- ThinNet
ThinNet is another version of Ethernet, which is thinner version and is less expensive, mostly used with a 10Base2 Ethernet LAN. It is also known as "Thin Ethernet", or "Cheapernets".
- UTP
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling is twisted pair cables, which contains no shielding. The impedance of UTP is generally 100 ohm.
- WAN
In a Wide Area Network (WAN), computers in the network are far apart and are connected by telephone lines or cables etc to cover entire states, or even across the world. The Internet can be considered as the world's largest public WAN.
